Hi - Watching this discussion scroll by on my screen, I'm amazed how similar it is to discussions of evangelism in congregations. Two things this religious institution might learn from other religious institutions: (1) "need-based" evangelism. Outreach efforts are more effective if they sincerely address specific needs of the target community. Does face-to-face participation in the IETF offer things practitioners in under-represented regions feel they need? As long as we focus on how it could help *us*, rather than what needs it would address for them, it'll be far less effective than it could be. (2) Watch out for "colonialist" attitudes, such as assuming that we know what the needs and priorities of the target communities are, rather than finding out. This can require much more investment than just doing surveys, and may even reveal that certain models of "helping" might be culturally inappropriate, and consequently ineffective or counter- productive. Randy