Eric, The equations you link to are so simple that linearizing them is no problem. However, there are equations somewhat harder to linearize that x = x0 + vt + 1/2 a t^2. As I have said before, a few years back I was attempting to write an ID on packet loss concealment for TDMoIP. After trying a few integral signs and matrices I gave up (and the work was never disclosed to the WG). We put a much simpler equation into the text of the ID, but even is unwieldly in linearized form. Yes, I guess it is always POSSIBLE to write every equation and diagram, e.g. by telling the user to spread out the next 25 pages as a 5 by 5 rectangle and then to stand on a ladder to view the result, but I don't see the point in so doing. At some point "impractical" becomes "impossible for all intents and purposes", and "ugly" becomes "meaningless". Y(J)S _______________________________________________ Ietf@xxxxxxxx https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ietf