> >> unfortunately, that act of communication _is_ the adverse side effect. > >> it tells the spammer that yours is an active, responsive email account. that's only true from the smtp perspective. since smtp does not encode any aspect of consent, existence implies reachability. however, since smtp is dead meat rotting in the sun waiting for us to figure out what to replace it with, smtp is not relevant in a discussion of "principles" which this claims to be. (anyone who thinks that smtp can be upgraded to encode consent needs to spend a few more years Just Hitting Delete before you can sit at the grownups table.) -- Paul Vixie