Hi everyone, Spam is a complex issue and even I have realized that it cannot be easily solved. The problem is that electronic mail is an ungoverned medium. There is no accountability built-in and that lack of accountability is what is promoting abuse. The Internet includes systems all over the world. Each country around the world has their own laws and ways of dealing with things. Systems cross over into many different jurisdictions. I don't personally see a solution to spam on the policy side or the technology side of things. Brian