On 2009-02-24, Junio C Hamano <gitster@xxxxxxxxx> wrote:
> I think you are looking for "/foo/". From Documentation/gitignore.txt:
[lots of very clear and detailed explanation snipped for
brevity...]
I'd been sort of struggling with the part of 'man gitignore'
that describes the rules for the exclusion patterns; it just
didn't seem as clear as it could have been. It's very
accurate, but I (and I noticed a few others on irc) had to
read very carefully to do anything moderately complex.
A few days ago, 'doener' (Björn Steinbrink) came up with
some much simpler rules that said the same thing, and --
building on the insight that his rules gave me -- I came up
with these:
----->8-----
Note that rule 1 merely *modifies* rules 2 and 3, it does not
supercede or preclude them.
1. If you pattern ends with a slash, it matches only
directories (and their contents)
2. If there is no slash otherwise, it matches that name, at
any depth in the tree
3. If there is a slash anywhere else, it matches that name,
relative to the .gitignore (or $GIT_WORK_TREE if the
pattern is from one of the other pattern sources like
`.git/info/exclude` etc)
The wildcards (`*` and `?`) do not match slashes, but otherwise
the patterns are normal shell globs as defined by fnmatch(3) with
the FNM_PATHNAME flag set.
----->8-----
Those rules are meant to clarify the following lines from
the gitignore man page:
- If the pattern ends with a slash, it is removed for the
purpose of the following description, but it would only find
a match with a directory. In other words, `foo/` will match a
directory `foo` and paths underneath it, but will not match a
regular file or a symbolic link `foo` (this is consistent
with the way how pathspec works in general in git).
- If the pattern does not contain a slash '/', git treats it as
a shell glob pattern and checks for a match against the
pathname without leading directories.
- Otherwise, git treats the pattern as a shell glob suitable
for consumption by fnmatch(3) with the FNM_PATHNAME flag:
wildcards in the pattern will not match a / in the pathname.
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