Be more careful about updating refs

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This makes write_ref_sha1() more careful: it actually checks the SHA1 of 
the ref it is updating, and refuses to update a ref with an object that it 
cannot find.

Perhaps more importantly, it also refuses to update a branch head with a 
non-commit object. I don't quite know *how* the stable series maintainers 
were able to corrupt their repository to have a HEAD that pointed to a tag 
rather than a commit object, but they did. Which results in a totally 
broken repository that cannot be cloned or committed on.

So make it harder for people to shoot themselves in the foot like that.

Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
---

I'm signing off on this, but I hope people will double-check this: I 
didn't actually test it very much.

 refs.c |   19 +++++++++++++++++++
 1 files changed, 19 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)

diff --git a/refs.c b/refs.c
index 58f6d17..c3ffe03 100644
--- a/refs.c
+++ b/refs.c
@@ -1119,10 +1119,16 @@ static int log_ref_write(const char *ref_name, const unsigned char *old_sha1,
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int is_branch(const char *refname)
+{
+	return !strcmp(refname, "HEAD") || !prefixcmp(refname, "refs/heads/");
+}
+
 int write_ref_sha1(struct ref_lock *lock,
 	const unsigned char *sha1, const char *logmsg)
 {
 	static char term = '\n';
+	struct object *o;
 
 	if (!lock)
 		return -1;
@@ -1130,6 +1136,19 @@ int write_ref_sha1(struct ref_lock *lock,
 		unlock_ref(lock);
 		return 0;
 	}
+	o = parse_object(sha1);
+	if (!o) {
+		error("Trying to write ref %s with nonexistant object %s",
+			lock->ref_name, sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+		unlock_ref(lock);
+		return -1;
+	}
+	if (o->type != OBJ_COMMIT && is_branch(lock->ref_name)) {
+		error("Trying to write non-commit object %s to branch %s",
+			sha1_to_hex(sha1), lock->ref_name);
+		unlock_ref(lock);
+		return -1;
+	}
 	if (write_in_full(lock->lock_fd, sha1_to_hex(sha1), 40) != 40 ||
 	    write_in_full(lock->lock_fd, &term, 1) != 1
 		|| close(lock->lock_fd) < 0) {
-
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