When pruning objects with `--cruft`, `git repack` offers some
flexibility when selecting the set of which objects are pruned via the
`--cruft-expiration` option.
This is useful for expiring objects which are older than the grace
period, making races where to-be-pruned objects become reachable and
then ancestors of freshly pushed objects, leaving the repository in a
corrupt state after pruning substantially less likely [1].
But in practice, such races are impossible to avoid entirely, no matter
how long the grace period is. To prevent this race, it is often
advisable to temporarily put a repository into a read-only state. But in
practice, this is not always practical, and so some middle ground would
be nice.
This patch introduces a new option, `--expire-to`, which teaches `git
repack` to write an additional cruft pack containing just the objects
which were pruned from the repository. The caller can specify a
directory outside of the current repository as the destination for this
second cruft pack.
This makes it possible to prune objects from a repository, while still
holding onto a supplemental copy of them outside of the original
repository. Having this copy on-disk makes it substantially easier to
recover objects when the aforementioned race is encountered.
`--expire-to` is implemented in a somewhat convoluted manner, which is
to take advantage of the fact that the first time `write_cruft_pack()`
is called, it adds the name of the cruft pack to the `names` string
list. That means the second time we call `write_cruft_pack()`, objects
in the previously-written cruft pack will be excluded.
As long as the caller ensures that no objects are expired during the
second pass, this is sufficient to generate a cruft pack containing all
objects which don't appear in any of the new packs written by `git
repack`, including the cruft pack. In other words, all of the objects
which are about to be pruned from the repository.
It is important to note that the destination in `--expire-to` does not
necessarily need to be a Git repository (though it can be) Notably, the
expired packs do not contain all ancestors of expired objects. So if the
source repository contains something like:
<unreachable>
/
C1 --- C2
\
refs/heads/master
where C2 is unreachable, but has a parent (C1) which is reachable, and
C2 would be pruned, then the expiry pack will contain only C2, not C1.
[1]: https://lore.kernel.org/git/20190319001829.GL29661@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx/
Signed-off-by: Taylor Blau <me@xxxxxxxxxxxx>
---
Documentation/git-repack.txt | 6 ++
builtin/repack.c | 40 ++++++++++++
t/t7700-repack.sh | 121 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
3 files changed, 167 insertions(+)
diff --git a/Documentation/git-repack.txt b/Documentation/git-repack.txt
index 0bf13893d8..4017157949 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-repack.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-repack.txt
@@ -74,6 +74,12 @@ to the new separate pack will be written.
immediately instead of waiting for the next `git gc` invocation.
Only useful with `--cruft -d`.
+--expire-to=<dir>::
+ Write a cruft pack containing pruned objects (if any) to the
+ directory `<dir>`. This option is useful for keeping a copy of
+ any pruned objects in a separate directory as a backup. Only
+ useful with `--cruft -d`.
+
-l::
Pass the `--local` option to 'git pack-objects'. See
linkgit:git-pack-objects[1].
diff --git a/builtin/repack.c b/builtin/repack.c
index a5386ac893..3bc18e0b2f 100644
--- a/builtin/repack.c
+++ b/builtin/repack.c
@@ -702,6 +702,10 @@ static int write_cruft_pack(const struct pack_objects_args *args,
* By the time it is read here, it contains only the pack(s)
* that were just written, which is exactly the set of packs we
* want to consider kept.
+ *
+ * If `--expire-to` is given, the double-use served by `names`
+ * ensures that the pack written to `--expire-to` excludes any
+ * objects contained in the cruft pack.
*/
in = xfdopen(cmd.in, "w");
for_each_string_list_item(item, names)
@@ -755,6 +759,7 @@ int cmd_repack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
int geometric_factor = 0;
int write_midx = 0;
const char *cruft_expiration = NULL;
+ const char *expire_to = NULL;
struct option builtin_repack_options[] = {
OPT_BIT('a', NULL, &pack_everything,
@@ -804,6 +809,8 @@ int cmd_repack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
N_("find a geometric progression with factor <N>")),
OPT_BOOL('m', "write-midx", &write_midx,
N_("write a multi-pack index of the resulting packs")),
+ OPT_STRING(0, "expire-to", &expire_to, N_("dir"),
+ N_("pack prefix to store a pack containing pruned objects")),
OPT_END()
};
@@ -1000,6 +1007,39 @@ int cmd_repack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
&existing_kept_packs);
if (ret)
return ret;
+
+ if (delete_redundant && expire_to) {
+ /*
+ * If `--expire-to` is given with `-d`, it's possible
+ * that we're about to prune some objects. With cruft
+ * packs, pruning is implicit: any objects from existing
+ * packs that weren't picked up by new packs are removed
+ * when their packs are deleted.
+ *
+ * Generate an additional cruft pack, with one twist:
+ * `names` now includes the name of the cruft pack
+ * written in the previous step. So the contents of
+ * _this_ cruft pack exclude everything contained in the
+ * existing cruft pack (that is, all of the unreachable
+ * objects which are no older than
+ * `--cruft-expiration`).
+ *
+ * To make this work, cruft_expiration must become NULL
+ * so that this cruft pack doesn't actually prune any
+ * objects. If it were non-NULL, this call would always
+ * generate an empty pack (since every object not in the
+ * cruft pack generated above will have an mtime older
+ * than the expiration).
+ */
+ ret = write_cruft_pack(&cruft_po_args, expire_to,
+ pack_prefix,
+ NULL,
+ &names,
+ &existing_nonkept_packs,
+ &existing_kept_packs);
+ if (ret)
+ return ret;
+ }
}
string_list_sort(&names);
diff --git a/t/t7700-repack.sh b/t/t7700-repack.sh
index ca45c4cd2c..17ee6fc2cc 100755
--- a/t/t7700-repack.sh
+++ b/t/t7700-repack.sh
@@ -482,4 +482,125 @@ test_expect_success '-n overrides repack.updateServerInfo=true' '
test_server_info_missing
'
+test_expect_success '--expire-to stores pruned objects (now)' '
+ git init expire-to-now &&
+ (
+ cd expire-to-now &&
+
+ git branch -M main &&
+
+ test_commit base &&
+
+ git checkout -b cruft &&
+ test_commit --no-tag cruft &&
+
+ git rev-list --objects --no-object-names main..cruft >moved.raw &&
+ sort moved.raw >moved.want &&
+
+ git rev-list --all --objects --no-object-names >expect.raw &&
+ sort expect.raw >expect &&
+
+ git checkout main &&
+ git branch -D cruft &&
+ git reflog expire --all --expire=all &&
+
+ git init --bare expired.git &&
+ git repack -d \
+ --cruft --cruft-expiration="now" \
+ --expire-to="expired.git/objects/pack/pack" &&
+
+ expired="$(ls expired.git/objects/pack/pack-*.idx)" &&
+ test_path_is_file "${expired%.idx}.mtimes" &&
+
+ # Since the `--cruft-expiration` is "now", the effective
+ # behavior is to move _all_ unreachable objects out to
+ # the location in `--expire-to`.
+ git show-index <$expired >expired.raw &&
+ cut -d" " -f2 expired.raw | sort >expired.objects &&
+ git rev-list --all --objects --no-object-names \
+ >remaining.objects &&
+
+ # ...in other words, the combined contents of this
+ # repository and expired.git should be the same as the
+ # set of objects we started with.
+ cat expired.objects remaining.objects | sort >actual &&
+ test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+ # The "moved" objects (i.e., those in expired.git)
+ # should be the same as the cruft objects which were
+ # expired in the previous step.
+ test_cmp moved.want expired.objects
+ )
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--expire-to stores pruned objects (5.minutes.ago)' '
+ git init expire-to-5.minutes.ago &&
+ (
+ cd expire-to-5.minutes.ago &&
+
+ git branch -M main &&
+
+ test_commit base &&
+
+ # Create two classes of unreachable objects, one which
+ # is older than 5 minutes (stale), and another which is
+ # newer (recent).
+ for kind in stale recent
+ do
+ git checkout -b $kind main &&
+ test_commit --no-tag $kind || return 1
+ done &&
+
+ git rev-list --objects --no-object-names main..stale >in &&
+ stale="$(git pack-objects $objdir/pack/pack <in)" &&
+ mtime="$(test-tool chmtime --get =-600 $objdir/pack/pack-$stale.pack)" &&
+
+ # expect holds the set of objects we expect to find in
+ # this repository after repacking
+ git rev-list --objects --no-object-names recent >expect.raw &&
+ sort expect.raw >expect &&
+
+ # moved.want holds the set of objects we expect to find
+ # in expired.git
+ git rev-list --objects --no-object-names main..stale >out &&
+ sort out >moved.want &&
+
+ git checkout main &&
+ git branch -D stale recent &&
+ git reflog expire --all --expire=all &&
+ git prune-packed &&
+
+ git init --bare expired.git &&
+ git repack -d \
+ --cruft --cruft-expiration=5.minutes.ago \
+ --expire-to="expired.git/objects/pack/pack" &&
+
+ # Some of the remaining objects in this repository are
+ # unreachable, so use `cat-file --batch-all-objects`
+ # instead of `rev-list` to get their names
+ git cat-file --batch-all-objects --batch-check="%(objectname)" \
+ >remaining.objects &&
+ sort remaining.objects >actual &&
+ test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+ (
+ cd expired.git &&
+
+ expired="$(ls objects/pack/pack-*.mtimes)" &&
+ test-tool pack-mtimes $(basename $expired) >out &&
+ cut -d" " -f1 out | sort >../moved.got &&
+
+ # Ensure that there are as many objects with the
+ # expected mtime as were moved to expired.git.
+ #
+ # In other words, ensure that the recorded
+ # mtimes of any moved objects was written
+ # correctly.
+ grep " $mtime$" out >matching &&
+ test_line_count = $(wc -l <../moved.want) matching
+ ) &&
+ test_cmp moved.want moved.got
+ )
+'
+
test_done
--
2.38.0.16.g393fd4c6db
