FanJun Kong <bh1scw@xxxxxxxxx> writes: > First, I created two commits to a demo project. > > when I use command: > git format-patch --cover-letter -1 > ... > Then I change command to: > > git format-patch --cover-letter -2 Here is _one_ way I just came up with, that gives you a result identical to what you reported, and it is a perfectly understandable and expected outcome in _this_ scenario. Preparation goes like this. Go to any single-parent commit and revert it. $ git checkout --detach seen^2 $ GIT_EDITOR=: git revert HEAD Now we have two commits. Try formatting the topmost one: $ git format-patch --stdout --cover-letter -1 | sed -e "1,/^$/d" -e "/^-- /q" *** BLURB HERE *** Junio C Hamano (1): Revert "ci: call `finalize_test_case_output` a little later" t/test-lib.sh | 11 +++++------ 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-) -- Now try formatting the twomost two: $ git format-patch --stdout --cover-letter -2 | sed -e "1,/^$/d" -e "/^-- /q" *** BLURB HERE *** Johannes Schindelin (1): ci: call `finalize_test_case_output` a little later Junio C Hamano (1): Revert "ci: call `finalize_test_case_output` a little later" -- The topmost commit had some effect on a single file, but when the effect of two topmost commits are taken together, they cancel out. I am not saying these two commits are what you have, but the outcome obviously depends on what these two commits are, and if you do not show them, nobody would be able to help you.