My current thinking is this: First add a new member `short_name` in `struct valid_atom`, Then we can share a valid_atom item for the long name of an atom such as `%(authoremail)` and the short name of the atom `%ae` (%aE is not considered at the time). Something like: [ATOM_AUTHOREMAIL] = { "ae", "authoremail", SOURCE_OBJ, FIELD_STR, person_email_atom_parser }, Then we need to do some work on atoms parsing: In the original design of `parse_ref_filter_atom()`, it relied on searching for `%(` and `)` to find an atom. Now we have to change the way of finding atoms: Currently I just replace `find_next()` to find a single `%`. If there is `(` after `%`, we can keep the original long name atoms parsing method, otherwise we are dealing with the short name atom, we need to pass the interval between the current `%` and the next single `%` to `parse_ref_filter_atom()`. Then we are in `parse_ref_filter_atom()`, we need to consider these situations: 1. %(authoremail:trim) 2. %(authoremail) 3. %ae 4. %ae:trim 5. %aeabc:trim 6. %ae:trimabcd... As we can see, the situation is starting to get complicated. The more critical point is as in case 6: We cannot determine the end of a short name atom because it does not have an explicit `)` end. In this way, many of the `*_atom_parser` functions in `ref-filter.c` will not work, because most of them use `strcmp()` to check the attribute of an atom. If we want to support the short name `%ae`, that would require a large-scale rewrite. Any good ideas, friends? -- ZheNing Hu