On Wed, Apr 21, 2021 at 10:19:25PM +0800, Hongyi Zhao wrote: > What's the meaning of the '+' sign at the beginning? Why do some > submodules have this symbol, but some submodules don't? There are three symbols, 'U', '-', and '+'. From the documentation [1], they mean: Each SHA-1 will possibly be prefixed with `-` if the submodule is not initialized, `+` if the currently checked out submodule commit does not match the SHA-1 found in the index of the containing repository and `U` if the submodule has merge conflicts. [1]: https://git-scm.com/docs/git-submodule#Documentation/git-submodule.txt-status--cached--recursive--ltpathgt82308203 Thanks, Taylor