Re: Bug report: git rebase ignores different context, resulting in subtle breakage

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Hi Michel

Sorry for the slow response, this fell through the Christmas cracks.

On 14/12/2020 14:37, Michel Dänzer wrote:

(Originally reported as a GitLab issue: https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/292754)


All output below is from Debian git 2.29.2-1.


The following branches of https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/daenzer/mesa.git can be used to reproduce:

gitlab-issue-292754/pre-rebase (pre-rebase state)
gitlab-issue-292754/base (new base)
gitlab-issue-292754/bad-rebase (bad post-rebase state)


The pre-rebase commit b9f18d0ddb6b075819bc2c6b9fa36dee483ef443 contains this (truncated) hunk:

@@ -480,13 +491,9 @@ sanity:

    rules:

      - if: *is-pre-merge

        when: on_success

-    - if: *is-forked-branch

-      when: manual

      # Other cases default to never

    script:

      # ci-fairy check-commits --junit-xml=check-commits.xml



The new base commit f20153536087079f39f1ab9995ac3d36dd3c467f contains this hunk:

@@ -484,10 +484,8 @@ sanity:

      - .fdo.ci-fairy

    stage: sanity

    rules:

-    - if: *is-pre-merge

+    - if: *is-forked-branch-or-pre-merge

        when: on_success

-    - if: *is-forked-branch

-      when: manual

      # Other cases default to never

    variables:

      GIT_STRATEGY: none



Both remove the same 2 lines, but the context is different both before and after those lines.

My expectation for this case would be that

  git rebase gitlab-issue-292754/base gitlab-issue-292754/pre-rebase

fails with a conflict. However, it succeeds without any indication of trouble, resulting in these contents in commit 4e549e1ac3354f465d8afe0174902e62143a6ff4:

    rules:


     - if: *is-forked-branch-or-pre-merge


        when: on_success


      # Other cases default to never


    variables:


      GIT_STRATEGY: none

    script:


      # ci-fairy check-commits --junit-xml=check-commits.xml


I.e. identical to the new base.

This looks like the correct merge to me as the changes in the original commit are already in the new base. Rebase has detected that the context lines do not match and used a 3-way merge instead of a simple patch application. This matches the behavior of the merge based rebase backend which is the default in recent versions of git. Git tracks content not changes and so rebasing a branch means cherry-picking each commit onto the rebased version of it's parent, not applying each patch on top of the new base.

Best Wishes

Phillip


However, the 2 removed lines had a different effect in the original pre-rebase context, and the post-rebase state no longer matches the original intention. git rebase silently introduced a subtle bug.


git rebase --apply results in this output:

  First, rewinding head to replay your work on top of it...

  Applying: ci: Run sanity job only in pre-merge pipelines

  Using index info to reconstruct a base tree...

  M    .gitlab-ci.yml

  Falling back to patching base and 3-way merge...

  Auto-merging .gitlab-ci.yml


Looks like the applying strategy does detect the conflict, but there's an automatic fallback to the merging strategy, which again succeeds (with the same broken result).


The only way I've found to avoid the broken behaviour is git rebase -s octopus [...]:

  error: could not apply b9f18d0ddb6... ci: Run sanity job only in pre
  merge pipelines

  Resolve all conflicts manually, mark them as resolved with

  "git add/rm <conflicted_files>", then run "git rebase --continue".

  You can instead skip this commit: run "git rebase --skip".

  To abort and get back to the state before "git rebase", run "git rebase
  --abort".

  Could not apply b9f18d0ddb6... ci: Run sanity job only in pre-merge
  pipelines





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