> I modified it to use echo as the standard, it turns out apache handles > properly terminating lines for you > with CRLF. As for the lone echo, a double CRLF signals the end of the response > header and the start of the body. Curl doesn't behave properly without it. You misunderstood me. I wasn't questioning the need for a blank line. I found the inconsistency puzzling that all the previous ones (above) were done with printf and the later one was done with echo.