Hi Paul, On Fri, 14 Jul 2017, Paul Smith wrote: > On Fri, 2017-07-14 at 22:33 +0200, Johannes Schindelin wrote: > > > You absolutely have to have /bin and /usr/bin on your PATH, > > > > As Kavita talks about Git Bash, it is probably Git for Windows, for > > which /bin should not be in the PATH but /mingw64/bin or /mingw32/bin > > (depending on the architecture). > > I did check this with my Git for Windows installation before posting. > Mine is older (2.7.0) though so maybe things have changed: > > pds@build-win MINGW64 ~ > $ type -a ls > ls is aliased to `ls -F --color=auto --show-control-chars' > ls is /usr/bin/ls > ls is /bin/ls > ls is /usr/bin/ls > ls is /usr/bin/ls Oh wow ;-) For the record, /bin/ is simply mapped to /usr/bin/. They are not different directories, really. > Clearly I have a lot of duplicates on my PATH now that I notice :) ;-) > I have /mingw64/bin on my PATH as well but looking there it has git, > gettext, edit, a bunch of DLL's, etc. but it doesn't contain ls or > other coreutils programs. Right. The difference between executables in /mingw64/bin/ and in /usr/bin/ is that the latter executables all implicitly link to msys-2.0.dll, i.e. the POSIX emulation layer based on Cygwin. As you probably guessed: the coreutils are all compiled using that POSIX emulation layer. Ciao, Johannes