If you `git add new_file; git reset --hard`, new_file is gone forever. This is totally what git says it will do on the box, but it caught me out. It might seem a little less stupid if I explain what I was doing: I was breaking apart a chunk of work into smaller changes: git commit -a -m 'tmp' # You feel pretty safe now, right? git checkout -b backup/my-stuff # Not necessary, just a convenience git checkout - git reset HEAD^ # mixed git add new_file git add -p # also not necessary, but distracting git reset --hard # decided copy from backed up diff # boom. new_file is gone forever Now, again, this is totally what git says it's going to do, and that was pretty stupid, but that file is gone for good, and it feels bad. Everything that was committed is safe, and the other untracked files in my local directory are also fine, but that particular file is permanently destroyed. This is the first time I've lost something since I discovered the reflog a year or two ago. The behaviour that would make the most sense to me (personally) would be for a hard reset to unstage new files, but I'd be nearly as happy if a commit was added to the reflog when the reset happens (I can probably make that happen with some configuration now that I've been bitten). If there's support for this idea but no-one is keen to write the code, let me know and I could have a crack at it. Cheers, Julian de Bhál