[PATCH] submodule: Port resolve_relative_url from shell to C

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Later on we want to deprecate the `git submodule init` command and make
it implicit in other submodule commands. As these other commands are
written in C already, we'd need the init functionality in C, too.
The `resolve_relative_url` function is a rather large part of that init
functionality, so start by porting this function to C.

As I was porting the functionality I noticed some odds with the inputs.
To fully understand the situation I added some logging to the function
temporarily to capture all calls to the function throughout the test
suite. Duplicates have been removed and all unique testing inputs have
been recorded into t0060.

Signed-off-by: Stefan Beller <sbeller@xxxxxxxxxx>
---
> up_path seems to be ignored when remoteurl is absolute. Is that
> combination an invalid use case?

Yes, that is invalid. See the original:
 
    echo "${is_relative:+${up_path}}${remoteurl#./}"

This also only adds up_path in case of is_relative being true.
Did you mean to say that fact should be documented?

> I think that you strike a good balance between a direct rewrite
> of the shell function and possible optimizations. Therefore,
> further improvements should go into separate patches.

ok.

> In these two cases, it is unclear whether the "bar" in the 4th
> argument is copied from the 2nd or the 3rd argument. I suggest to
> use a different token:
> ...

I just produced all possible test cases I could find in the test suite,
which looked like they are a good fit. (I did some deduplication there already,
the test suite produced over 100 different mostly subtly reworded test cases)

I wonder if I should slim down this more as the test suite already takes very long
to run. However these tests don't take very long on their own.

Thanks for the review,
Stefan

interdiff to v2:
	diff --git a/builtin/submodule--helper.c b/builtin/submodule--helper.c
	index 3dd8008..3e58b5d 100644
	--- a/builtin/submodule--helper.c
	+++ b/builtin/submodule--helper.c
	@@ -117,9 +117,9 @@ static char *relative_url(const char *remote_url,
						colonsep = 1;
					} else {
						if (is_relative || !strcmp(".", remoteurl))
	-						die(N_("cannot strip one component off url '%s'"), remoteurl);
	+						die(_("cannot strip one component off url '%s'"), remoteurl);
						else
	-						remoteurl = ".";
	+						remoteurl = xstrdup(".");
					}
				}
			} else if (starts_with_dot_slash(url)) {
	@@ -139,12 +139,10 @@ static char *relative_url(const char *remote_url,
		free(remoteurl);
		if (!up_path || !is_relative)
			return out;
	-	else {
	-		strbuf_addf(&sb, "%s%s", up_path, out);
	 
	-		free(out);
	-		return strbuf_detach(&sb, NULL);
	-	}
	+	strbuf_addf(&sb, "%s%s", up_path, out);
	+	free(out);
	+	return strbuf_detach(&sb, NULL);
	 }
	 
	 static int resolve_relative_url(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
	diff --git a/t/t0060-path-utils.sh b/t/t0060-path-utils.sh
	index 2ae1bbd..8a1579c 100755
	--- a/t/t0060-path-utils.sh
	+++ b/t/t0060-path-utils.sh
	@@ -20,9 +20,10 @@ relative_path() {
	 }
	 
	 test_submodule_relative_url() {
	-	expected="$4"
	-	test_expect_success "test_submodule_relative_url: $1 $2 $3 => $4" \
	-	"test \"\$(git submodule--helper resolve-relative-url-test '$1' '$2' '$3')\" = '$expected'"
	+	test_expect_success "test_submodule_relative_url: $1 $2 $3 => $4" "
	+		actual=\$(git submodule--helper resolve-relative-url-test '$1' '$2' '$3') &&
	+		test \"\$actual\" = '$4'
	+	"
	 }
	 
	 test_git_path() {
	@@ -292,8 +293,8 @@ test_git_path GIT_COMMON_DIR=bar config                   bar/config
	 test_git_path GIT_COMMON_DIR=bar packed-refs              bar/packed-refs
	 test_git_path GIT_COMMON_DIR=bar shallow                  bar/shallow
	 
	-test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "../foo/bar" "../bar/a/b/c" "../foo/bar/a/b/c"
	-test_submodule_relative_url "../../../" "../foo/bar" "../bar/a/b/c" "../../../../foo/bar/a/b/c"
	+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "../foo/bar" "../sub/a/b/c" "../foo/sub/a/b/c"
	+test_submodule_relative_url "../../../" "../foo/bar" "../sub/a/b/c" "../../../../foo/sub/a/b/c"
	 test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "../foo/bar" "../submodule" "../foo/submodule"
	 test_submodule_relative_url "../" "../foo/bar" "../submodule" "../../foo/submodule"
	 test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "../foo/submodule" "../submodule" "../foo/submodule"

I tried considering an alternative implementation for `relative_url`,
which is not a direct translation of the shell code. There are some
advanced path/url functions, such as `normalize_path_copy`, however
using that function is not straightforward as it seems. The idea would
have been to use that on a concatenation of remoteurl and url, however
there are cases like ("foo/." "../.") to result in "foo/.", so we really
need to count the slashes ourselves.

---
 builtin/submodule--helper.c | 189 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 git-submodule.sh            |  81 +------------------
 t/t0060-path-utils.sh       |  42 ++++++++++
 3 files changed, 235 insertions(+), 77 deletions(-)

diff --git a/builtin/submodule--helper.c b/builtin/submodule--helper.c
index f4c3eff..3e58b5d 100644
--- a/builtin/submodule--helper.c
+++ b/builtin/submodule--helper.c
@@ -9,6 +9,193 @@
 #include "submodule-config.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
+#include "remote.h"
+#include "refs.h"
+#include "connect.h"
+
+static char *get_default_remote(void)
+{
+	char *dest = NULL, *ret;
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	int flag;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *refname = resolve_ref_unsafe("HEAD", 0, sha1, &flag);
+
+	if (!refname)
+		die("No such ref: HEAD");
+
+	refname = shorten_unambiguous_ref(refname, 0);
+	strbuf_addf(&sb, "branch.%s.remote", refname);
+	if (git_config_get_string(sb.buf, &dest))
+		ret = xstrdup("origin");
+	else
+		ret = xstrdup(dest);
+
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int starts_with_dot_slash(const char *str)
+{
+	return str[0] == '.' && is_dir_sep(str[1]);
+}
+
+static int starts_with_dot_dot_slash(const char *str)
+{
+	return str[0] == '.' && str[1] == '.' && is_dir_sep(str[2]);
+}
+
+static char *last_dir_separator(char *str)
+{
+	char* p = str + strlen(str);
+	while (p-- != str)
+		if (is_dir_sep(*p))
+			return p;
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * The `url` argument is the URL that navigates to the submodule origin
+ * repo. When relative, this URL is relative to the superproject origin
+ * URL repo. The `up_path` argument, if specified, is the relative
+ * path that navigates from the submodule working tree to the superproject
+ * working tree. Returns the origin URL of the submodule.
+ *
+ * Return either an absolute URL or filesystem path (if the superproject
+ * origin URL is an absolute URL or filesystem path, respectively) or a
+ * relative file system path (if the superproject origin URL is a relative
+ * file system path).
+ *
+ * When the output is a relative file system path, the path is either
+ * relative to the submodule working tree, if up_path is specified, or to
+ * the superproject working tree otherwise.
+ */
+static char *relative_url(const char *remote_url,
+				const char *url,
+				const char *up_path)
+{
+	int is_relative = 0;
+	int colonsep = 0;
+	char *out;
+	char *remoteurl = xstrdup(remote_url);
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	size_t len;
+
+	len = strlen(remoteurl);
+	if (is_dir_sep(remoteurl[len]))
+		remoteurl[len] = '\0';
+
+	if (!url_is_local_not_ssh(remoteurl) || is_absolute_path(remoteurl))
+		is_relative = 0;
+	else {
+		is_relative = 1;
+
+		/* Prepend a './' to ensure all relative remoteurls start
+		 * with './' or '../'. */
+		if (!starts_with_dot_slash(remoteurl) &&
+		    !starts_with_dot_dot_slash(remoteurl)) {
+			strbuf_reset(&sb);
+			strbuf_addf(&sb, "./%s", remoteurl);
+			free(remoteurl);
+			remoteurl = strbuf_detach(&sb, NULL);
+		}
+	}
+	/* When the url starts with '../', remove that and the
+	 * last directory in remoteurl. */
+	while (url) {
+		if (starts_with_dot_dot_slash(url)) {
+			char *rfind;
+			url += 3;
+
+			rfind = last_dir_separator(remoteurl);
+			if (rfind)
+				*rfind = '\0';
+			else {
+				rfind = strrchr(remoteurl, ':');
+				if (rfind) {
+					*rfind = '\0';
+					colonsep = 1;
+				} else {
+					if (is_relative || !strcmp(".", remoteurl))
+						die(_("cannot strip one component off url '%s'"), remoteurl);
+					else
+						remoteurl = xstrdup(".");
+				}
+			}
+		} else if (starts_with_dot_slash(url)) {
+			url += 2;
+		} else
+			break;
+	}
+	strbuf_reset(&sb);
+	strbuf_addf(&sb, "%s%s%s", remoteurl, colonsep ? ":" : "/", url);
+
+	if (starts_with_dot_slash(sb.buf))
+		out = xstrdup(sb.buf + 2);
+	else
+		out = xstrdup(sb.buf);
+	strbuf_reset(&sb);
+
+	free(remoteurl);
+	if (!up_path || !is_relative)
+		return out;
+
+	strbuf_addf(&sb, "%s%s", up_path, out);
+	free(out);
+	return strbuf_detach(&sb, NULL);
+}
+
+static int resolve_relative_url(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	char *remoteurl = NULL;
+	char *remote = get_default_remote();
+	const char *up_path = NULL;
+	char *res;
+	const char *url;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	if (argc != 2 && argc != 3)
+		die("BUG: resolve_relative_url only accepts one or two arguments");
+
+	url = argv[1];
+	strbuf_addf(&sb, "remote.%s.url", remote);
+	free(remote);
+
+	if (git_config_get_string(sb.buf, &remoteurl))
+		/* the repository is its own authoritative upstream */
+		remoteurl = xgetcwd();
+
+	if (argc == 3)
+		up_path = argv[2];
+
+	res = relative_url(remoteurl, url, up_path);
+	printf("%s\n", res);
+
+	free(res);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int resolve_relative_url_test(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	char *remoteurl, *res;
+	const char *up_path, *url;
+
+	if (argc != 4)
+		die("BUG: resolve_relative_url only accepts three arguments: <up_path> <remoteurl> <url>");
+
+	up_path = argv[1];
+	remoteurl = xstrdup(argv[2]);
+	url = argv[3];
+
+	if (!strcmp(up_path, "(null)"))
+		up_path = NULL;
+
+	res = relative_url(remoteurl, url, up_path);
+	printf("%s\n", res);
+
+	free(res);
+	return 0;
+}
 
 struct module_list {
 	const struct cache_entry **entries;
@@ -264,6 +451,8 @@ static struct cmd_struct commands[] = {
 	{"list", module_list},
 	{"name", module_name},
 	{"clone", module_clone},
+	{"resolve-relative-url", resolve_relative_url},
+	{"resolve-relative-url-test", resolve_relative_url_test},
 };
 
 int cmd_submodule__helper(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
diff --git a/git-submodule.sh b/git-submodule.sh
index 9bc5c5f..3e409af 100755
--- a/git-submodule.sh
+++ b/git-submodule.sh
@@ -46,79 +46,6 @@ prefix=
 custom_name=
 depth=
 
-# The function takes at most 2 arguments. The first argument is the
-# URL that navigates to the submodule origin repo. When relative, this URL
-# is relative to the superproject origin URL repo. The second up_path
-# argument, if specified, is the relative path that navigates
-# from the submodule working tree to the superproject working tree.
-#
-# The output of the function is the origin URL of the submodule.
-#
-# The output will either be an absolute URL or filesystem path (if the
-# superproject origin URL is an absolute URL or filesystem path,
-# respectively) or a relative file system path (if the superproject
-# origin URL is a relative file system path).
-#
-# When the output is a relative file system path, the path is either
-# relative to the submodule working tree, if up_path is specified, or to
-# the superproject working tree otherwise.
-resolve_relative_url ()
-{
-	remote=$(get_default_remote)
-	remoteurl=$(git config "remote.$remote.url") ||
-		remoteurl=$(pwd) # the repository is its own authoritative upstream
-	url="$1"
-	remoteurl=${remoteurl%/}
-	sep=/
-	up_path="$2"
-
-	case "$remoteurl" in
-	*:*|/*)
-		is_relative=
-		;;
-	./*|../*)
-		is_relative=t
-		;;
-	*)
-		is_relative=t
-		remoteurl="./$remoteurl"
-		;;
-	esac
-
-	while test -n "$url"
-	do
-		case "$url" in
-		../*)
-			url="${url#../}"
-			case "$remoteurl" in
-			*/*)
-				remoteurl="${remoteurl%/*}"
-				;;
-			*:*)
-				remoteurl="${remoteurl%:*}"
-				sep=:
-				;;
-			*)
-				if test -z "$is_relative" || test "." = "$remoteurl"
-				then
-					die "$(eval_gettext "cannot strip one component off url '\$remoteurl'")"
-				else
-					remoteurl=.
-				fi
-				;;
-			esac
-			;;
-		./*)
-			url="${url#./}"
-			;;
-		*)
-			break;;
-		esac
-	done
-	remoteurl="$remoteurl$sep${url%/}"
-	echo "${is_relative:+${up_path}}${remoteurl#./}"
-}
-
 # Resolve a path to be relative to another path.  This is intended for
 # converting submodule paths when git-submodule is run in a subdirectory
 # and only handles paths where the directory separator is '/'.
@@ -281,7 +208,7 @@ cmd_add()
 		die "$(gettext "Relative path can only be used from the toplevel of the working tree")"
 
 		# dereference source url relative to parent's url
-		realrepo=$(resolve_relative_url "$repo") || exit
+		realrepo=$(git submodule--helper resolve-relative-url "$repo") || exit
 		;;
 	*:*|/*)
 		# absolute url
@@ -485,7 +412,7 @@ cmd_init()
 			# Possibly a url relative to parent
 			case "$url" in
 			./*|../*)
-				url=$(resolve_relative_url "$url") || exit
+				url=$(git submodule--helper resolve-relative-url "$url") || exit
 				;;
 			esac
 			git config submodule."$name".url "$url" ||
@@ -1190,9 +1117,9 @@ cmd_sync()
 			# guarantee a trailing /
 			up_path=${up_path%/}/ &&
 			# path from submodule work tree to submodule origin repo
-			sub_origin_url=$(resolve_relative_url "$url" "$up_path") &&
+			sub_origin_url=$(git submodule--helper resolve-relative-url "$url" "$up_path") &&
 			# path from superproject work tree to submodule origin repo
-			super_config_url=$(resolve_relative_url "$url") || exit
+			super_config_url=$(git submodule--helper resolve-relative-url "$url") || exit
 			;;
 		*)
 			sub_origin_url="$url"
diff --git a/t/t0060-path-utils.sh b/t/t0060-path-utils.sh
index 627ef85..8a1579c 100755
--- a/t/t0060-path-utils.sh
+++ b/t/t0060-path-utils.sh
@@ -19,6 +19,13 @@ relative_path() {
 	"test \"\$(test-path-utils relative_path '$1' '$2')\" = '$expected'"
 }
 
+test_submodule_relative_url() {
+	test_expect_success "test_submodule_relative_url: $1 $2 $3 => $4" "
+		actual=\$(git submodule--helper resolve-relative-url-test '$1' '$2' '$3') &&
+		test \"\$actual\" = '$4'
+	"
+}
+
 test_git_path() {
 	test_expect_success "git-path $1 $2 => $3" "
 		$1 git rev-parse --git-path $2 >actual &&
@@ -286,4 +293,39 @@ test_git_path GIT_COMMON_DIR=bar config                   bar/config
 test_git_path GIT_COMMON_DIR=bar packed-refs              bar/packed-refs
 test_git_path GIT_COMMON_DIR=bar shallow                  bar/shallow
 
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "../foo/bar" "../sub/a/b/c" "../foo/sub/a/b/c"
+test_submodule_relative_url "../../../" "../foo/bar" "../sub/a/b/c" "../../../../foo/sub/a/b/c"
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "../foo/bar" "../submodule" "../foo/submodule"
+test_submodule_relative_url "../" "../foo/bar" "../submodule" "../../foo/submodule"
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "../foo/submodule" "../submodule" "../foo/submodule"
+test_submodule_relative_url "../" "../foo/submodule" "../submodule" "../../foo/submodule"
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "../foo" "../submodule" "../submodule"
+test_submodule_relative_url "../" "../foo" "../submodule" "../../submodule"
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "./foo/bar" "../submodule" "foo/submodule"
+test_submodule_relative_url "../" "./foo/bar" "../submodule" "../foo/submodule"
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "./foo" "../submodule" "submodule"
+test_submodule_relative_url "../" "./foo" "../submodule" "../submodule"
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "//somewhere else/repo" "../subrepo" "//somewhere else/subrepo"
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "/u//trash directory.t7406-submodule-update/subsuper_update_r" "../subsubsuper_update_r" "/u//trash directory.t7406-submodule-update/subsubsuper_update_r"
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "/u//trash directory.t7406-submodule-update/super_update_r2" "../subsuper_update_r" "/u//trash directory.t7406-submodule-update/subsuper_update_r"
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "/u/trash directory.t3600-rm/." "../." "/u/trash directory.t3600-rm/."
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "/u/trash directory.t3600-rm" "./." "/u/trash directory.t3600-rm/."
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "/u/trash directory.t7400-submodule-basic/addtest" "../repo" "/u/trash directory.t7400-submodule-basic/repo"
+test_submodule_relative_url "../" "/u/trash directory.t7400-submodule-basic/addtest" "../repo" "/u/trash directory.t7400-submodule-basic/repo"
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "/u/trash directory.t7400-submodule-basic" "./å äö" "/u/trash directory.t7400-submodule-basic/å äö"
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "/u/trash directory.t7403-submodule-sync/." "../submodule" "/u/trash directory.t7403-submodule-sync/submodule"
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "/u/trash directory.t7407-submodule-foreach/submodule" "../submodule" "/u/trash directory.t7407-submodule-foreach/submodule"
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "/u/trash directory.t7409-submodule-detached-worktree/home2/../remote" "../bundle1" "/u/trash directory.t7409-submodule-detached-worktree/home2/../bundle1"
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "/u/trash directory.t7613-merge-submodule/submodule_update_repo" "./." "/u/trash directory.t7613-merge-submodule/submodule_update_repo/."
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "file:///tmp/repo" "../subrepo" "file:///tmp/subrepo"
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "foo/bar" "../submodule" "foo/submodule"
+test_submodule_relative_url "../" "foo/bar" "../submodule" "../foo/submodule"
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "foo" "../submodule" "submodule"
+test_submodule_relative_url "../" "foo" "../submodule" "../submodule"
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "helper:://hostname/repo" "../subrepo" "helper:://hostname/subrepo"
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "ssh://hostname/repo" "../subrepo" "ssh://hostname/subrepo"
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "ssh://hostname:22/repo" "../subrepo" "ssh://hostname:22/subrepo"
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "user@host:path/to/repo" "../subrepo" "user@host:path/to/subrepo"
+test_submodule_relative_url "(null)" "user@host:repo" "../subrepo" "user@host:subrepo"
+
 test_done
-- 
2.7.0.1.g33e69b5.dirty

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