On 05/07/2013 04:43 AM, Jeff King wrote:
> Once we read the packed-refs file into memory, we cache it
> to save work on future ref lookups. However, our cache may
> be out of date with respect to what is on disk if another
> process is simultaneously packing the refs. Normally it
> is acceptable for us to be a little out of date, since there
> is no guarantee whether we read the file before or after the
> simultaneous update. However, there is an important special
> case: our packed-refs file must be up to date with respect
> to any loose refs we read. Otherwise, we risk the following
> race condition:
>
> 0. There exists a loose ref refs/heads/master.
>
> 1. Process A starts and looks up the ref "master". It
> first checks $GIT_DIR/master, which does not exist. It
> then loads (and caches) the packed-refs file to see if
> "master" exists in it, which it does not.
>
> 2. Meanwhile, process B runs "pack-refs --all --prune". It
> creates a new packed-refs file which contains
> refs/heads/master, and removes the loose copy at
> $GIT_DIR/refs/heads/master.
>
> 3. Process A continues its lookup, and eventually tries
> $GIT_DIR/refs/heads/master. It sees that the loose ref
> is missing, and falls back to the packed-refs file. But
> it examines its cached version, which does not have
> refs/heads/master. After trying a few other prefixes,
> it reports master as a non-existent ref.
>
> There are many variants (e.g., step 1 may involve process A
> looking up another ref entirely, so even a fully qualified
> refname can fail). One of the most interesting ones is if
> "refs/heads/master" is already packed. In that case process
> A will not see it as missing, but rather will report
> whatever value happened to be in the packed-refs file before
> process B repacked (which might be an arbitrarily old
> value).
>
> We can fix this by making sure we reload the packed-refs
> file from disk after looking at any loose refs. That's
> unacceptably slow, so we can check it's stat()-validity as a
> proxy, and read it only when it appears to have changed.
>
> Reading the packed-refs file after performing any loose-ref
> system calls is sufficient because we know the ordering of
> the pack-refs process: it always makes sure the newly
> written packed-refs file is installed into place before
> pruning any loose refs. As long as those operations by B
> appear in their executed order to process A, by the time A
> sees the missing loose ref, the new packed-refs file must be
> in place.
>
> Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@xxxxxxxx>
> ---
> I hooked the refreshing into get_packed_refs, since then all callers get
> it for free. It makes me a little nervous, though, just in case some
> caller really cares about calling get_packed_refs but not having the
> list of packed-refs change during the call. peel_ref looks like such a
> function, but isn't, for reasons I'll explain in a followup patch.
>
> Clone also looks like such a caller, as it calls get_packed_refs once
> for each upstream ref it adds (it puts them in the packed-refs list, and
> then writes them all out at the end). But it's OK because there is no
> packed-refs file for it to refresh from.
>
> An alternative would be to move the refreshing to an explicit
> refresh_packed_refs() function, and call it from a few places
> (resolve_ref, and later from do_for_each_ref).
I think this will be necessary, because otherwise there are too many
places where the packed-refs cache can be invalidated and re-read.
As a test, I changed your stat_validity_check() to return 0 *all* of the
time when a file exists. I think this simulates a hyperactive
repository in which the packed-refs file changes every time it is
checked. With this change, hundreds of tests in the test suite fail.
I haven't had time to dig into the failures. One example is
git-upload-pack: refs.c:542: do_for_each_ref_in_dir: Assertion
`dir->sorted == dir->nr' failed.
This suggests that the packed ref cache was invalidated while somebody
was iterating over it, resulting perhaps in illegal memory references.
Maybe my test is misguided. But I definitely would not proceed on this
patch until the situation has been understood better.
Michael
> refs.c | 20 +++++++++++++++-----
> 1 file changed, 15 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)
>
> diff --git a/refs.c b/refs.c
> index 5a14703..6afe8cc 100644
> --- a/refs.c
> +++ b/refs.c
> @@ -708,6 +708,7 @@ static struct ref_cache {
> struct ref_cache *next;
> struct ref_entry *loose;
> struct ref_entry *packed;
> + struct stat_validity packed_validity;
> /* The submodule name, or "" for the main repo. */
> char name[FLEX_ARRAY];
> } *ref_cache;
> @@ -717,6 +718,7 @@ static void clear_packed_ref_cache(struct ref_cache *refs)
> if (refs->packed) {
> free_ref_entry(refs->packed);
> refs->packed = NULL;
> + stat_validity_clear(&refs->packed_validity);
> }
> }
>
> @@ -878,17 +880,25 @@ static struct ref_dir *get_packed_refs(struct ref_cache *refs)
>
> static struct ref_dir *get_packed_refs(struct ref_cache *refs)
> {
> + const char *packed_refs_file;
> +
> + if (*refs->name)
> + packed_refs_file = git_path_submodule(refs->name, "packed-refs");
> + else
> + packed_refs_file = git_path("packed-refs");
> +
> + if (refs->packed &&
> + !stat_validity_check(&refs->packed_validity, packed_refs_file))
> + clear_packed_ref_cache(refs);
> +
> if (!refs->packed) {
> - const char *packed_refs_file;
> FILE *f;
>
> refs->packed = create_dir_entry(refs, "", 0, 0);
> - if (*refs->name)
> - packed_refs_file = git_path_submodule(refs->name, "packed-refs");
> - else
> - packed_refs_file = git_path("packed-refs");
> +
> f = fopen(packed_refs_file, "r");
> if (f) {
> + stat_validity_update(&refs->packed_validity, fileno(f));
> read_packed_refs(f, get_ref_dir(refs->packed));
> fclose(f);
> }
>
--
Michael Haggerty
mhagger@xxxxxxxxxxxx
http://softwareswirl.blogspot.com/
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