Add proper documentation for git-p4. Delete the old .txt
documentation from contrib/fast-import.
Signed-off-by: Pete Wyckoff <pw@xxxxxxxx>
Cc: Frans Klaver <fransklaver@xxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Luke Diamand <luke@xxxxxxxxxxx>
---
Changes from v1:
- review comments from Frans
- review comments from Luke
- spellcheck
Documentation/git-p4.txt | 456 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
contrib/fast-import/git-p4.txt | 302 --------------------------
2 files changed, 456 insertions(+), 302 deletions(-)
create mode 100644 Documentation/git-p4.txt
delete mode 100644 contrib/fast-import/git-p4.txt
diff --git a/Documentation/git-p4.txt b/Documentation/git-p4.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c981407
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/git-p4.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,456 @@
+git-p4(1)
+=========
+
+NAME
+----
+git-p4 - Import from and submit to Perforce repositories
+
+
+SYNOPSIS
+--------
+[verse]
+'git p4 clone' [<sync options>] [<clone options>] <p4 depot path>...
+'git p4 sync' [<sync options>] [<p4 depot path>...]
+'git p4 rebase'
+'git p4 submit' [<submit options>] [<master branch name>]
+
+
+DESCRIPTION
+-----------
+This command provides a way to interact with p4 repositories
+using git.
+
+Create a new git repository from an existing p4 repository using
+'git p4 clone', giving it one or more p4 depot paths. Incorporate
+new commits from p4 changes with 'git p4 sync'. The 'sync' command
+is also used to include new branches from other p4 depot paths.
+Submit git changes back to p4 using 'git p4 submit'. The command
+'git p4 rebase' does a sync plus rebases the current branch onto
+the updated p4 remote branch.
+
+
+EXAMPLE
+-------
+* Create an alias for 'git p4', using the full path to the 'git-p4'
+ script if needed:
++
+------------
+$ git config --global alias.p4 '!git-p4'
+------------
+
+* Clone a repository:
++
+------------
+$ git p4 clone //depot/path/project
+------------
+
+* Do some work in the newly created git repository:
++
+------------
+$ cd project
+$ vi foo.h
+$ git commit -a -m "edited foo.h"
+------------
+
+* Update the git repository with recent changes from p4, rebasing your
+ work on top:
++
+------------
+$ git p4 rebase
+------------
+
+* Submit your commits back to p4:
++
+------------
+$ git p4 submit
+------------
+
+
+COMMANDS
+--------
+
+Clone
+~~~~~
+Generally, 'git p4 clone' is used to create a new git directory
+from an existing p4 repository:
+------------
+$ git p4 clone //depot/path/project
+------------
+This:
+
+1. Creates an empty git repository in a subdirectory called 'project'.
++
+2. Imports the full contents of the head revision from the given p4
+depot path into a single commit in the git branch 'refs/remotes/p4/master'.
++
+3. Creates a local branch, 'master' from this remote and checks it out.
+
+To reproduce the entire p4 history in git, use the '@all' modifier on
+the depot path:
+------------
+$ git p4 clone //depot/path/project@all
+------------
+
+
+Sync
+~~~~
+As development continues in the p4 repository, those changes can
+be included in the git repository using:
+------------
+$ git p4 sync
+------------
+This command finds new changes in p4 and imports them as git commits.
+
+P4 repositories can be added to an existing git repository using
+'git p4 sync' too:
+------------
+$ mkdir repo-git
+$ cd repo-git
+$ git init
+$ git p4 sync //path/in/your/perforce/depot
+------------
+This imports the specified depot into
+'refs/remotes/p4/master' in an existing git repository. The
+'--branch' option can be used to specify a different branch to
+be used for the p4 content.
+
+If a git repository includes branches 'refs/remotes/origin/p4', these
+will be fetched and consulted first during a 'git p4 sync'. Since
+importing directly from p4 is considerably slower than pulling changes
+from a git remote, this can be useful in a multi-developer environment.
+
+
+Rebase
+~~~~~~
+A common working pattern is to fetch the latest changes from the p4 depot
+and merge them with local uncommitted changes. Often, the p4 repository
+is the ultimate location for all code, thus a rebase workflow makes
+sense. This command does 'git p4 sync' followed by 'git rebase' to move
+local commits on top of updated p4 changes.
+------------
+$ git p4 rebase
+------------
+
+
+Submit
+~~~~~~
+Submitting changes from a git repository back to the p4 repository
+requires a separate p4 client workspace. This should be specified
+using the 'P4CLIENT' environment variable or the git configuration
+variable 'git-p4.client'. The p4 client must exist, but the client root
+will be created and populated if it does not already exist.
+
+To submit all changes that are in the current git branch but not in
+the 'p4/master' branch, use:
+------------
+$ git p4 submit
+------------
+
+To specify a branch other than the current one, use:
+------------
+$ git p4 submit topicbranch
+------------
+
+The upstream reference is generally 'refs/remotes/p4/master', but can
+be overridden using the '--origin=' command-line option.
+
+The p4 changes will be created as the user invoking 'git p4 submit'. The
+'--preserve-user' option will cause ownership to be modified
+according to the author of the git commit. This option requires admin
+privileges in p4, which can be granted using 'p4 protect'.
+
+
+OPTIONS
+-------
+
+General options
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+All commands except clone accept this option.
+
+--git-dir <dir>::
+ Set the 'GIT_DIR' environment variable. See linkgit:git[1].
+
+Sync options
+~~~~~~~~~~~~
+These options can be used in the initial 'clone' as well as in
+subsequent 'sync' operations.
+
+--branch <branch>::
+ Import changes into given branch. If the branch starts with
+ 'refs/', it will be used as is, otherwise the path 'refs/heads/'
+ will be prepended. The default branch is 'master'.
+
+--detect-branches::
+ Use the branch detection algorithm to find new paths in p4. It is
+ documented below in "BRANCH DETECTION".
+
+--changesfile <file>::
+ Import exactly the p4 change numbers listed in 'file', one per
+ line. Normally, 'git p4' inspects the current p4 repository
+ state and detects the changes it should import.
+
+--silent::
+ Do not print any progress information.
+
+--verbose::
+ Provide more progress information.
+
+--detect-labels::
+ Query p4 for labels associated with the depot paths, and add
+ them as tags in git.
+
+--import-local::
+ By default, p4 branches are stored in 'refs/remotes/p4/',
+ where they will be treated as remote-tracking branches by
+ linkgit:git-branch[1] and other commands. This option instead
+ puts p4 branches in 'refs/heads/p4/'.
+
+--max-changes <n>::
+ Limit the number of imported changes to 'n'. Useful to
+ limit the amount of history when using the '@all' p4 revision
+ specifier.
+
+--keep-path::
+ The mapping of file names from the p4 depot path to git, by
+ default, involves removing the entire depot path. With this
+ option, the full p4 depot path is retained in git. For example,
+ path '//depot/main/foo/bar.c', when imported from
+ '//depot/main/', becomes 'foo/bar.c'. With '--keep-path', the
+ git path is instead 'depot/main/foo/bar.c'.
+
+--use-client-spec::
+ Use a client spec to find the list of interesting files in p4.
+ The client spec is discovered using 'p4 client -o' which checks
+ the 'P4CLIENT' environment variable and returns a mapping of
+ depot files to workspace files.
+
+Clone options
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+These options can be used in an initial 'clone', along with the 'sync'
+options described above.
+
+--destination <directory>::
+ Where to create the git repository. If not provided, the last
+ component in the p4 depot path is used to create a new
+ directory.
+
+--bare::
+ Perform a bare clone. See linkgit:git-clone[1].
+
+-/ <path>::
+ Exclude selected depot paths when cloning.
+
+Submit options
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+These options can be used to modify 'git p4 submit' behavior.
+
+--verbose::
+ Provide more progress information.
+
+--origin <commit>::
+ Upstream location from which commits are identified to submit to
+ p4. By default, this is the most recent p4 commit reachable
+ from 'HEAD'.
+
+-M[<n>]::
+ Detect renames. See linkgit:git-diff[1]. Renames will be
+ represented in p4 using explicit 'move' operations.
+
+--preserve-user::
+ Re-author p4 changes before submitting to p4. This option
+ requires p4 admin privileges.
+
+
+DEPOT PATH SYNTAX
+-----------------
+The p4 depot path argument to 'git p4 sync' and 'git p4 clone' can
+be one or more space-separated p4 depot paths, with an optional
+p4 revision specifier on the end:
+
+"//depot/my/project"::
+ Import one commit with all files in the '#head' change under that tree.
+
+"//depot/my/project@all"::
+ Import one commit for each change in the history of that depot path.
+
+"//depot/my/project@1,6"::
+ Import only changes 1 through 6.
+
+"//depot/proj1 //depot/proj2@all"::
+ Import all changes from both named depot paths.
+
+See 'p4 help revisions' for the full syntax of p4 revision specifiers.
+
+
+BRANCH DETECTION
+----------------
+P4 does not have the same concept of a branch as git. Instead,
+p4 organizes its content as a directory tree, where by convention
+different logical branches are in different locations in the tree.
+The 'p4 branch' command is used to maintain mappings between
+different areas in the tree, and indicate related content. 'git p4'
+can use these mappings to determine branch relationships.
+
+If you have a repository where all the branches of interest exist as
+subdirectories of a single depot path, you can use '--detect-branches'
+when cloning or syncing to have 'git p4' automatically find
+subdirectories in p4, and to generate these as branches in git.
+
+For example, if the P4 repository structure is:
+----
+//depot/main/...
+//depot/branch1/...
+----
+
+And "p4 branch -o branch1" shows a View line that looks like:
+----
+//depot/main/... //depot/branch1/...
+----
+
+Then this 'git p4 clone' command:
+----
+git p4 clone --detect-branches //depot@all
+----
+produces a separate branch in 'refs/remotes/p4/' for //depot/main,
+called 'master', and one for //depot/branch1 called 'depot/branch1'.
+
+However, it is not necessary to create branches in p4 to be able to use
+them like branches. Because it is difficult to infer branch
+relationships automatically, a git configuration setting
+'git-p4.branchList' can be used to explicitly identify branch
+relationships. It is a list of "source:destination" pairs, like a
+simple p4 branch specification, where the "source" and "destination" are
+the path elements in the p4 repository. The example above relied on the
+presence of the p4 branch. Without p4 branches, the same result will
+occur with:
+----
+git config git-p4.branchList main:branch1
+git p4 clone --detect-branches //depot@all
+----
+
+
+PERFORMANCE
+-----------
+The fast-import mechanism used by 'git p4' creates one pack file for
+each invocation of 'git p4 sync'. Normally, git garbage compression
+(linkgit:git-gc[1]) automatically compresses these to fewer pack files,
+but explicit invocation of 'git repack -adf' may improve performance.
+
+
+CONFIGURATION VARIABLES
+-----------------------
+The following config settings can be used to modify 'git p4' behavior.
+They all are in the 'git-p4' section.
+
+General variables
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+git-p4.user::
+ User specified as an option to all p4 commands, with '-u <user>'.
+ The environment variable 'P4USER' can be used instead.
+
+git-p4.password::
+ Password specified as an option to all p4 commands, with
+ '-P <password>'.
+ The environment variable 'P4PASS' can be used instead.
+
+git-p4.port::
+ Port specified as an option to all p4 commands, with
+ '-p <port>'.
+ The environment variable 'P4PORT' can be used instead.
+
+git-p4.host::
+ Host specified as an option to all p4 commands, with
+ '-h <host>'.
+ The environment variable 'P4HOST' can be used instead.
+
+git-p4.client::
+ Client specified as an option to all p4 commands, with
+ '-c <client>'. This can also be used as a way to find
+ the client spec for the 'useClientSpec' option.
+ The environment variable 'P4CLIENT' can be used instead.
+
+Clone and sync variables
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+git-p4.syncFromOrigin::
+ Because importing commits from other git repositories is much faster
+ than importing them from p4, a mechanism exists to find p4 changes
+ first in git remotes. If branches exist under 'refs/remote/origin/p4',
+ those will be fetched and used when syncing from p4. This
+ variable can be set to 'false' to disable this behavior.
+
+git-p4.branchUser::
+ One phase in branch detection involves looking at p4 branches
+ to find new ones to import. By default, all branches are
+ inspected. This option limits the search to just those owned
+ by the single user named in the variable.
+
+git-p4.branchList::
+ List of branches to be imported when branch detection is
+ enabled. Each entry should be a pair of branch names separated
+ by a colon (:). This example declares that both branchA and
+ branchB were created from main:
+-------------
+git config git-p4.branchList main:branchA
+git config --add git-p4.branchList main:branchB
+-------------
+
+git-p4.useClientSpec::
+ Specify that the p4 client spec to be used to identify p4 depot
+ paths of interest. This is equivalent to specifying the option
+ '--use-client-spec'. The variable 'git-p4.client' can be used
+ to specify the name of the client.
+
+Submit variables
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+git-p4.detectRenames::
+ Detect renames. See linkgit:git-diff[1].
+
+git-p4.detectCopies::
+ Detect copies. See linkgit:git-diff[1].
+
+git-p4.detectCopiesHarder::
+ Detect copies harder. See linkgit:git-diff[1].
+
+git-p4.preserveUser::
+ On submit, re-author changes to reflect the git author,
+ regardless of who invokes 'git p4 submit'.
+
+git-p4.allowMissingP4Users::
+ When 'preserveUser' is true, 'git p4' normally dies if it
+ cannot find an author in the p4 user map. This setting
+ submits the change regardless.
+
+git-p4.skipSubmitEdit::
+ The submit process invokes the editor before each p4 change
+ is submitted. If this setting is true, though, the editing
+ step is skipped.
+
+git-p4.skipSubmitEditCheck::
+ After editing the p4 change message, 'git p4' makes sure that
+ the description really was changed by looking at the file
+ modification time. This option disables that test.
+
+git-p4.allowSubmit::
+ By default, any branch can be used as the source for a 'git p4
+ submit' operation. This configuration variable, if set, permits only
+ the named branches to be used as submit sources.
+
+git-p4.skipUserNameCheck::
+ If the user running 'git p4 submit' does not exist in the p4
+ user map, 'git p4' exits. This option can be used to force
+ submission regardless.
+
+
+IMPLEMENTATION DETAILS
+----------------------
+* Changesets from p4 are imported using git fast-import.
+* Cloning or syncing does not require a p4 client; file contents are
+ collected using 'p4 print'.
+* Submitting requires a p4 client, which is not in the same location
+ as the git repository. Patches are applied, one at a time, to
+ this p4 client and submitted from there.
+* Each commit imported by 'git p4' has a line at the end of the log
+ message indicating the p4 depot location and change number. This
+ line is used by later 'git p4 sync' operations to know which p4
+ changes are new.
+
diff --git a/contrib/fast-import/git-p4.txt b/contrib/fast-import/git-p4.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index 5044a12..0000000
--- a/contrib/fast-import/git-p4.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,302 +0,0 @@
-git-p4 - Perforce <-> Git converter using git-fast-import
-
-Usage
-=====
-
-git-p4 can be used in two different ways:
-
-1) To import changes from Perforce to a Git repository, using "git-p4 sync".
-
-2) To submit changes from Git back to Perforce, using "git-p4 submit".
-
-Importing
-=========
-
-Simply start with
-
- git-p4 clone //depot/path/project
-
-or
-
- git-p4 clone //depot/path/project myproject
-
-This will:
-
-1) Create an empty git repository in a subdirectory called "project" (or
-"myproject" with the second command)
-
-2) Import the head revision from the given Perforce path into a git branch
-called "p4" (remotes/p4 actually)
-
-3) Create a master branch based on it and check it out.
-
-If you want the entire history (not just the head revision) then you can simply
-append a "@all" to the depot path:
-
- git-p4 clone //depot/project/main@all myproject
-
-
-
-If you want more control you can also use the git-p4 sync command directly:
-
- mkdir repo-git
- cd repo-git
- git init
- git-p4 sync //path/in/your/perforce/depot
-
-This will import the current head revision of the specified depot path into a
-"remotes/p4/master" branch of your git repository. You can use the
---branch=mybranch option to import into a different branch.
-
-If you want to import the entire history of a given depot path simply use:
-
- git-p4 sync //path/in/depot@all
-
-
-Note:
-
-To achieve optimal compression you may want to run 'git repack -a -d -f' after
-a big import. This may take a while.
-
-Incremental Imports
-===================
-
-After an initial import you can continue to synchronize your git repository
-with newer changes from the Perforce depot by just calling
-
- git-p4 sync
-
-in your git repository. By default the "remotes/p4/master" branch is updated.
-
-Advanced Setup
-==============
-
-Suppose you have a periodically updated git repository somewhere, containing a
-complete import of a Perforce project. This repository can be cloned and used
-with git-p4. When updating the cloned repository with the "sync" command,
-git-p4 will try to fetch changes from the original repository first. The git
-protocol used with this is usually faster than importing from Perforce
-directly.
-
-This behaviour can be disabled by setting the "git-p4.syncFromOrigin" git
-configuration variable to "false".
-
-Updating
-========
-
-A common working pattern is to fetch the latest changes from the Perforce depot
-and merge them with local uncommitted changes. The recommended way is to use
-git's rebase mechanism to preserve linear history. git-p4 provides a convenient
-
- git-p4 rebase
-
-command that calls git-p4 sync followed by git rebase to rebase the current
-working branch.
-
-Submitting
-==========
-
-git-p4 has support for submitting changes from a git repository back to the
-Perforce depot. This requires a Perforce checkout separate from your git
-repository. To submit all changes that are in the current git branch but not in
-the "p4" branch (or "origin" if "p4" doesn't exist) simply call
-
- git-p4 submit
-
-in your git repository. If you want to submit changes in a specific branch that
-is not your current git branch you can also pass that as an argument:
-
- git-p4 submit mytopicbranch
-
-You can override the reference branch with the --origin=mysourcebranch option.
-
-The Perforce changelists will be created with the user who ran git-p4. If you
-use --preserve-user then git-p4 will attempt to create Perforce changelists
-with the Perforce user corresponding to the git commit author. You need to
-have sufficient permissions within Perforce, and the git users need to have
-Perforce accounts. Permissions can be granted using 'p4 protect'.
-
-If a submit fails you may have to "p4 resolve" and submit manually. You can
-continue importing the remaining changes with
-
- git-p4 submit --continue
-
-Example
-=======
-
-# Clone a repository
- git-p4 clone //depot/path/project
-# Enter the newly cloned directory
- cd project
-# Do some work...
- vi foo.h
-# ... and commit locally to gi
- git commit foo.h
-# In the meantime somebody submitted changes to the Perforce depot. Rebase your latest
-# changes against the latest changes in Perforce:
- git-p4 rebase
-# Submit your locally committed changes back to Perforce
- git-p4 submit
-# ... and synchronize with Perforce
- git-p4 rebase
-
-
-Configuration parameters
-========================
-
-git-p4.user ($P4USER)
-
-Allows you to specify the username to use to connect to the Perforce repository.
-
- git config [--global] git-p4.user public
-
-git-p4.password ($P4PASS)
-
-Allows you to specify the password to use to connect to the Perforce repository.
-Warning this password will be visible on the command-line invocation of the p4 binary.
-
- git config [--global] git-p4.password public1234
-
-git-p4.port ($P4PORT)
-
-Specify the port to be used to contact the Perforce server. As this will be passed
-directly to the p4 binary, it may be in the format host:port as well.
-
- git config [--global] git-p4.port codes.zimbra.com:2666
-
-git-p4.host ($P4HOST)
-
-Specify the host to contact for a Perforce repository.
-
- git config [--global] git-p4.host perforce.example.com
-
-git-p4.client ($P4CLIENT)
-
-Specify the client name to use
-
- git config [--global] git-p4.client public-view
-
-git-p4.allowSubmit
-
- git config [--global] git-p4.allowSubmit false
-
-git-p4.syncFromOrigin
-
-A useful setup may be that you have a periodically updated git repository
-somewhere that contains a complete import of a Perforce project. That git
-repository can be used to clone the working repository from and one would
-import from Perforce directly after cloning using git-p4. If the connection to
-the Perforce server is slow and the working repository hasn't been synced for a
-while it may be desirable to fetch changes from the origin git repository using
-the efficient git protocol. git-p4 supports this setup by calling "git fetch origin"
-by default if there is an origin branch. You can disable this using:
-
- git config [--global] git-p4.syncFromOrigin false
-
-git-p4.useclientspec
-
- git config [--global] git-p4.useclientspec false
-
-The P4CLIENT environment variable should be correctly set for p4 to be
-able to find the relevant client. This client spec will be used to
-both filter the files cloned by git and set the directory layout as
-specified in the client (this implies --keep-path style semantics).
-
-git-p4.skipSubmitEdit
-
- git config [--global] git-p4.skipSubmitEdit false
-
-Normally, git-p4 invokes an editor after each commit is applied so
-that you can make changes to the submit message. Setting this
-variable to true will skip the editing step, submitting the change as is.
-
-git-p4.skipSubmitEditCheck
-
- git config [--global] git-p4.skipSubmitEditCheck false
-
-After the editor is invoked, git-p4 normally makes sure you saved the
-change description, as an indication that you did indeed read it over
-and edit it. You can quit without saving to abort the submit (or skip
-this change and continue). Setting this variable to true will cause
-git-p4 not to check if you saved the change description. This variable
-only matters if git-p4.skipSubmitEdit has not been set to true.
-
-git-p4.preserveUser
-
- git config [--global] git-p4.preserveUser false
-
-If true, attempt to preserve user names by modifying the p4 changelists. See
-the "--preserve-user" submit option.
-
-git-p4.allowMissingPerforceUsers
-
- git config [--global] git-p4.allowMissingP4Users false
-
-If git-p4 is setting the perforce user for a commit (--preserve-user) then
-if there is no perforce user corresponding to the git author, git-p4 will
-stop. With allowMissingPerforceUsers set to true, git-p4 will use the
-current user (i.e. the behavior without --preserve-user) and carry on with
-the perforce commit.
-
-git-p4.skipUserNameCheck
-
- git config [--global] git-p4.skipUserNameCheck false
-
-When submitting, git-p4 checks that the git commits are authored by the current
-p4 user, and warns if they are not. This disables the check.
-
-git-p4.detectRenames
-
-Detect renames when submitting changes to Perforce server. Will enable -M git
-argument. Can be optionally set to a number representing the threshold
-percentage value of the rename detection.
-
- git config [--global] git-p4.detectRenames true
- git config [--global] git-p4.detectRenames 50
-
-git-p4.detectCopies
-
-Detect copies when submitting changes to Perforce server. Will enable -C git
-argument. Can be optionally set to a number representing the threshold
-percentage value of the copy detection.
-
- git config [--global] git-p4.detectCopies true
- git config [--global] git-p4.detectCopies 80
-
-git-p4.detectCopiesHarder
-
-Detect copies even between files that did not change when submitting changes to
-Perforce server. Will enable --find-copies-harder git argument.
-
- git config [--global] git-p4.detectCopies true
-
-git-p4.branchUser
-
-Only use branch specifications defined by the selected username.
-
- git config [--global] git-p4.branchUser username
-
-git-p4.branchList
-
-List of branches to be imported when branch detection is enabled.
-
- git config [--global] git-p4.branchList main:branchA
- git config [--global] --add git-p4.branchList main:branchB
-
-Implementation Details...
-=========================
-
-* Changesets from Perforce are imported using git fast-import.
-* The import does not require anything from the Perforce client view as it just uses
- "p4 print //depot/path/file#revision" to get the actual file contents.
-* Every imported changeset has a special [git-p4...] line at the
- end of the log message that gives information about the corresponding
- Perforce change number and is also used by git-p4 itself to find out
- where to continue importing when doing incremental imports.
- Basically when syncing it extracts the perforce change number of the
- latest commit in the "p4" branch and uses "p4 changes //depot/path/...@changenum,#head"
- to find out which changes need to be imported.
-* git-p4 submit uses "git rev-list" to pick the commits between the "p4" branch
- and the current branch.
- The commits themselves are applied using git diff/format-patch ... | git apply
-
--
1.7.8.258.g45cc3c
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