A small howto on how to setup GIT over HTTP transport protocol by setting up WebDAV access on apache2. Signed-off-by: Rutger Nijlunsing <git@xxxxxxxxxxxxx> Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <Johannes.Schindelin@xxxxxx> --- Documentation/howto/setup-git-server-over-http.txt | 255 ++++++++++++++++++++ 1 files changed, 255 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-) diff --git a/Documentation/howto/setup-git-server-over-http.txt b/Documentation/howto/setup-git-server-over-http.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..7279674 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/howto/setup-git-server-over-http.txt @@ -0,0 +1,255 @@ +HOWTO: Setting up a git repository which can be pushed into and pulled +from over HTTP. + +Since Apache is one of those packages people like to compile +themselves while others prefer the bureaucrat's dream Debian, it is +impossible to give guideliness which will work for everyone. Just send +some feedback to the mailinglist at git@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx to get this +document tailored to your favorit distro. + + +What's needed: + +- Have an Apache webserver + + On Debian: + $ apt-get install apache2 + To get apache2 by default started, + edit /etc/default/apache2 and set NO_START=0 + +- can edit the configuration of it. + + This could be found under /etc/httpd, or refer to your Apache documentation. + + On Debian: this means being able to edit files under /etc/apache2 + +- can restart it. + + 'apachectl --graceful' might do. If it doesn't, just stop and + restart apache. Be warning that active connections to your server + might be aborted by this. + + On Debian: + $ /etc/init.d/apache2 restart + or + $ /etc/init.d/apache2 force-reload + (which seems to do the same) + This adds symlinks from the /etc/apache2/mods-enabled to + /etc/apache2/mods-available. + +- have permissions to chown a directory + +- have git installed at the server _and_ client + +In effect, this probably means you're going to be root. + + +Step 1: setup a bare GIT repository +----------------------------------- + +At the time of writing, git-http-push cannot remotely create a GIT +repository. So we have to do that at the server side with git. Another +option would be to generate an empty repository at the client and copy +it to the server with WebDAV. But then you're probably the first to +try that out :) + +Create the directory under the DocumentRoot of the direcories served +by Apache. As an example we take /usr/local/apache2, but try "grep +DocumentRoot /where/ever/httpd.conf" to find your root: + + $ cd /usr/local/apache/htdocs + $ mkdir my-new-repo.git + + On Debian: + + $ cd /var/www + $ mkdir my-new-repo.git + + +Initialize a bare repository + + $ cd my-new-repo.git + $ git --bare init-db + + +Change the ownership to your webserver's credentials. Use "grep ^User +httpd.conf" and "grep ^Group httpd.conf" to find out: + + $ chown -R www.www . + + On Debian: + + $ chown -R www-data.www-data . + + +If you do not know which user Apache runs as, you can alternatively do +a "chmod -R a+w .", inspect the files which are created later on, and +set the permissions appropriately. + +Restart apache2, and check whether http://server/my-new-repo.git gives +a directory listing. If not, check whether apache started up +succesfully. + + +Step 2: enable DAV on this repository +------------------------------------- + +First make sure the dav module is loaded. For this, insert in httpd.conf: + + LoadModule dav_module libexec/httpd/libdav.so + AddModule mod_dav.c + +Also make sure that this line exists which is the file used for +locking DAV operations: + + DAVLockDB "/usr/local/apache2/temp/DAV.lock" + + On Debian these steps can be performed with: + + Enable the dav and dav_fs modules of apache: + $ a2enmod dav_fs + (just to be sure. dav_fs might be unneeded, I don't know) + $ a2enmod dav + The DAV lock is located in /etc/apache2/mods-available/dav_fs.conf: + DAVLockDB /var/lock/apache2/DAVLock + +Of course, it can point somewhere else, but the string is actually just a +prefix in some Apache configurations, and therefore the _directory_ has to +be writable by the user Apache runs as. + +Then, add something like this to your httpd.conf + + <Location /my-new-repo.git> + DAV on + AuthType Basic + AuthName "Git" + AuthUserFile /usr/local/apache2/conf/passwd.git + Require valid-user + </Location> + + On Debian: + Create (or add to) /etc/apache2/conf.d/git.conf : + + <Location /my-new-repo.git> + DAV on + AuthType Basic + AuthName "Git" + AuthUserFile /etc/apache2/passwd.git + Require valid-user + </Location> + + Debian automatically reads all files under /etc/apach2/conf.d. + +The password file can be somewhere else, but it has to be readable by +Apache and preferably not readable by the world. + +Create this file by + $ htpasswd -c /usr/local/apache2/conf/passwd.git <user> + + On Debian: + $ htpasswd -c /etc/apache2/passwd.git <user> + +You will be asked a password, and the file is created. Subsequent calls +to htpasswd should omit the '-c' option, since you want to append to the +existing file. + +You need to restart Apache. + +Now go to http://<username>@<servername>/my-new-repo.git in your +browser to check whether it asks for a password and accepts the right +password. + +On Debian: + + To test the WebDAV part, do: + + $ apt-get install litmus + $ litmus http://<servername>/my-new-repo.git <username> <password> + + Mosts tests should pass. + +A command line tool to test WebDAV is cadaver. + +If you're into Windows, from XP onwards Internet Explorer supports +WebDAV. For this, do Internet Explorer -> Open Location -> +http://<servername>/my-new-repo.git [x] Open as webfolder -> login . + + +Step 3: setup the client +------------------------ + +Make sure that you have HTTP support, i.e. your git was built with curl. +The easiest way to check is to look for the executable 'git-http-push'. + +Then, add the following to your $HOME/.netrc (you can do without, but will be +asked to input your password a _lot_ of times): + + machine <servername> + login <username> + password <password> + +...and set permissions: + chmod 600 ~/.netrc + +If you want to access the webserver by its IP, you have to type that in, +instead of the server name. + +To check whether all is OK, do: + + curl --netrc --location -v http://<username>@<servername>/my-new-repo.git/ + +...this should give a directory listing in HTML of /var/www/my-new-repo.git . + + +Now, add the remote in your existing repository which contains the project +you want to export: + + $ git-repo-config remote.upload.url \ + http://<username>@<servername>/my-new-repo.git/ + +It is important to put the last '/'; Without it, the server will send +a redirect which git-http-push does not (yet) understand, and git-http-push +will repeat the request inifinitely. + + +Step 4: make the initial push +----------------------------- + +From your client repository, do + + $ git push upload master + +This pushes branch 'master' (which is assumed to be the branch you +want to export) to repository called 'upload', which we previously +defined with git-repo-config. + + +Troubleshooting: +---------------- + +If git-http-push says + + Error: no DAV locking support on remote repo http://... + +then it means the webserver did not accept your authentication. Make sure +that the user name and password matches in httpd.conf, .netrc and the URL +you are uploading to. + +If git-http-push shows you an error (22/502) when trying to MOVE a blob, +it means that your webserver somehow does not recognize its name in the +request; This can happen when you start Apache, but then disable the +network interface. A simple restart of Apache helps. + +Errors like (22/502) are of format (curl error code/http error +code). So (22/404) means something like 'not found' at the server. + +Reading /usr/local/apache2/logs/error_log is often helpful. + + On Debian: Read /var/log/apache2/error.log instead. + + +Debian References: http://www.debian-administration.org/articles/285 + +Authors + Johannes Schindelin <Johannes.Schindelin@xxxxxx> + Rutger Nijlunsing <git@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx> -- 1.4.2.rc2.g7cb1 -- Rutger Nijlunsing ---------------------------------- eludias ed dse.nl never attribute to a conspiracy which can be explained by incompetence ---------------------------------------------------------------------- - : send the line "unsubscribe git" in the body of a message to majordomo@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx More majordomo info at http://vger.kernel.org/majordomo-info.html