In my test : https://godbolt.org/z/87dWMejPP <https://godbolt.org/z/87dWMejPP> It seems [[likely]] and [[unlikely]] just have same effective like __builtin_expect; Will not split function into cold function and hot function ( which __attribute__((cold)) on callee function can do so). > 2021年5月6日 下午7:27,Jonathan Wakely <jwakely.gcc@xxxxxxxxx> 写道: > > [[likely]]