Some context: my target has 2 general purpose registers and 1 stack pointer: %a, %b, %sp. %sp can only be written to from %a, and cannot be read; However it can be used as an address operand with an offset, as follows: move *( %sp + offset), %r file test.c: int main() { int a = 2; } fails to compile with the following message: test.c: In function 'main': test.c:4:1: error: unable to find a register to spill } ^ test.c:4:1: error: this is the insn: (insn 5 16 17 2 (set (reg:HI 12) (const_int 2 [0x2])) test.c:3 1 {movhi} (nil)) test.c:4: confused by earlier errors, bailing out (reg:HI 12) must be referring to a pseudo, as I only have 4 registers total. Does this mean that I simply do not have any free registers to start pushing values onto the stack? Potentially relevant excerpt from my macro definitions, currently arbitrarily defined: // Frame Registers #define STACK_POINTER_REGNUM 2 // Stack pointer register #define FRAME_POINTER_REGNUM 0 // register A #define ARG_POINTER_REGNUM 0 #define STATIC_CHAIN_REGNUM 1 // register B