Hi, the code below is from linux man-page: <http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man2/stat.2.html> however it doesn't compile against gcc's `-std=c99' flag. #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/stat.h> #include <time.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { struct stat sb; if (argc != 2) { fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s <pathname>\n", argv[0]); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } if (stat(argv[1], &sb) == -1) { perror("stat"); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } printf("File type: "); switch (sb.st_mode & S_IFMT) { case S_IFBLK: printf("block device\n"); break; case S_IFCHR: printf("character device\n"); break; case S_IFDIR: printf("directory\n"); break; case S_IFIFO: printf("FIFO/pipe\n"); break; case S_IFLNK: printf("symlink\n"); break; case S_IFREG: printf("regular file\n"); break; case S_IFSOCK: printf("socket\n"); break; default: printf("unknown?\n"); break; } printf("I-node number: %ld\n", (long) sb.st_ino); printf("Mode: %lo (octal)\n", (unsigned long) sb.st_mode); printf("Link count: %ld\n", (long) sb.st_nlink); printf("Ownership: UID=%ld GID=%ld\n", (long) sb.st_uid, (long) sb.st_gid); printf("Preferred I/O block size: %ld bytes\n", (long) sb.st_blksize); printf("File size: %lld bytes\n", (long long) sb.st_size); printf("Blocks allocated: %lld\n", (long long) sb.st_blocks); printf("Last status change: %s", ctime(&sb.st_ctime)); printf("Last file access: %s", ctime(&sb.st_atime)); printf("Last file modification: %s", ctime(&sb.st_mtime)); exit(EXIT_SUCCESS); } With `gcc -std=c99 test.c -o test' it throw error: test.c: In function ‘main’: test.c:24:26: error: ‘S_IFMT’ undeclared (first use in this function) switch (sb.st_mode & S_IFMT) { ^ test.c:24:26: note: each undeclared identifier is reported only once for each function it appears in test.c:25:10: error: ‘S_IFBLK’ undeclared (first use in this function) case S_IFBLK: printf("block device\n"); break; ^ test.c:26:10: error: ‘S_IFCHR’ undeclared (first use in this function) case S_IFCHR: printf("character device\n"); break; ^ test.c:27:10: error: ‘S_IFDIR’ undeclared (first use in this function) case S_IFDIR: printf("directory\n"); break; ^ test.c:28:10: error: ‘S_IFIFO’ undeclared (first use in this function) case S_IFIFO: printf("FIFO/pipe\n"); break; ^ test.c:29:10: error: ‘S_IFLNK’ undeclared (first use in this function) case S_IFLNK: printf("symlink\n"); break; ^ test.c:30:10: error: ‘S_IFREG’ undeclared (first use in this function) case S_IFREG: printf("regular file\n"); break; ^ test.c:31:10: error: ‘S_IFSOCK’ undeclared (first use in this function) case S_IFSOCK: printf("socket\n"); break; ^ But without the "-std=c99" it work fine. The man page doesn't mention standard issue about these S_IF* flags. Is it a man page issue or a gcc issue ? thanks, ruan