19.10.2010 12:05, ali hagigat kirjoitti:
-v Print (on standard error output) the commands executed to run the stages of
compilation. Also print the version number of the compiler driver program and
of the preprocessor and the compiler proper.
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I just copied 3 lines of GCC manual in the above. What is the compiler
driver program?
It is the '/usr/bin/gcc' which starts 'cc1' (the preprocessor/compiler),
'as' (the assembler) and 'collect2' & 'ld' (the linker) as subprocesses.
I have Linux, Fedora 12 and after executing the following command:
gcc -o my.o -v my.c
I got the following output on the screen. Which message is the version
of the preprocessor? Which message is the version of the compiler
proper? Which message is the version of the compiler driver program?
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Using built-in specs.
Target: i686-redhat-linux
Configured with: ../configure --prefix=/usr --mandir=/usr/share/man
--infodir=/usr/share/info
--with-bugurl=http://bugzilla.redhat.com/bugzilla --enable-bootstrap
--enable-shared --enable-threads=posix --enable-checking=release
--with-system-zlib --enable-__cxa_atexit
--disable-libunwind-exceptions --enable-gnu-unique-object
--enable-languages=c,c++,objc,obj-c++,java,fortran,ada
--enable-java-awt=gtk --disable-dssi --enable-plugin
--with-java-home=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.5.0-gcj-1.5.0.0/jre
--enable-libgcj-multifile --enable-java-maintainer-mode
--with-ecj-jar=/usr/share/java/eclipse-ecj.jar
--disable-libjava-multilib --with-ppl --with-cloog --with-tune=generic
--with-arch=i686 --build=i686-redhat-linux
Thread model: posix
gcc version 4.4.2 20091222 (Red Hat 4.4.2-20) (GCC)
COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-o' 'my.o' '-v' '-mtune=generic' '-march=i686'
The previous should come from 'gcc'...
/usr/libexec/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.2/cc1 -quiet -v my.c -quiet
-dumpbase my.c -mtune=generic -march=i686 -auxbase my -version -o
/tmp/cc6TePcE.s
Just as this, showing how and from where 'cc1' was started...
ignoring nonexistent directory
"/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.2/include-fixed"
ignoring nonexistent directory
"/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.2/../../../../i686-redhat-linux/include"
#include "..." search starts here:
#include<...> search starts here:
/usr/local/include
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.2/include
/usr/include
End of search list.
The preprocessor part of 'cc1' gives the previous...
GNU C (GCC) version 4.4.2 20091222 (Red Hat 4.4.2-20) (i686-redhat-linux)
compiled by GNU C version 4.4.2 20091222 (Red Hat 4.4.2-20), GMP
version 4.3.1, MPFR version 2.4.1.
GGC heuristics: --param ggc-min-expand=100 --param ggc-min-heapsize=131072
Compiler executable checksum: ce871bdaf8715137a79dafbeccd13c96
COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-o' 'my.o' '-v' '-mtune=generic' '-march=i686'
This then came from the C compiler part...
as -V -Qy -o /tmp/ccQBskTq.o /tmp/cc6TePcE.s
GNU assembler version 2.19.51.0.14 (i686-redhat-linux) using BFD
version version 2.19.51.0.14-34.fc12 20090722
The assembler ('as') gave this...
COMPILER_PATH=/usr/libexec/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.2/:/usr/libexec/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.2/:/usr/libexec/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/:/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.2/:/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/:/usr/libexec/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.2/:/usr/libexec/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/:/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.2/:/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/
LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.2/:/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.2/:/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.2/../../../:/lib/:/usr/lib/
COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-o' 'my.o' '-v' '-mtune=generic' '-march=i686'
/usr/libexec/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.2/collect2 --eh-frame-hdr
--build-id -m elf_i386 --hash-style=gnu -dynamic-linker
/lib/ld-linux.so.2 -o my.o
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.2/../../../crt1.o
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.2/../../../crti.o
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.2/crtbegin.o
-L/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.2
-L/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.2
-L/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.2/../../.. /tmp/ccQBskTq.o -lgcc
--as-needed -lgcc_s --no-as-needed -lc -lgcc --as-needed -lgcc_s
--no-as-needed /usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.2/crtend.o
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.2/../../../crtn.o
The linker ('collect2' & 'ld') gave this...
So the preprocessor and the real compiler are nowadays integrated
into the 'cc1' executable in '$prefix/libexec/gcc/$target/$gcc_version'.
