Hi Laine, >Is there a flag or something I can use to get this to compile, or do I have to create a temporary copy of what I'm passing into the member before I call it? You cannot pass a temporary to a non-const reference. Why? Because the non-const reference says "I'm going to modify the object you are passing." And doing that, generally, does not make sense for a temporary. Especially since, in C++, you can get temporaries when you didn't expect them. To fix the problem try this approach: change the parameter from a non-const reference to a const reference. Or change the parameter to a pass-by-value. If neither of those are suitable, then remove the temporary that it is passing now, and make an explicit variable, and pass in that variable. HTH, --Eljay