Lin George <george4academic@xxxxxxxxx> writes: > The last question, could you provide some reference > materials to read on this topic. My background is I > have used for C/C++ compiler/linker for years and I > know something about compiler/linker internals, but > not too much (for example, the differences which -fpic > and -fPIC will impact). As I believe I've mentioned a couple of times, you should look at the ELF ABI documentation. You can find some here: http://sco.com/developers/gabi/ Unfortunately some of the documentation, such as the full ELF ABI documentation and the i386 processor supplement, is not available online as far as I know. Ian