Hi Viswa, I've worked with a retarded piece of hardware which only allowed 32-bit access. I've felt your pain. Don't use bit fields. Use a 32-bit word, and right-shift & mask out the bits you don't care about. IF you are working with hardware that you can read-and-write the bytes, AND you need to write a byte in the middle of the 32-bit word, then read the 32-bit, mask out the hole, shift the byte, stuff the byte in the hole (in your local variable), and put the 32-bit variable back into the hardware. IF you are working with hardware that you can ONLY write, AND you need to preserve the state of all four bytes, you'll really need to have a backing store (or shadow copy of the hardware values) on your side where you do the manipulation before sending them to the hardware. And in the "you can ONLY read", you'll need something similar (although trickier) for retrieving them from the hardware, depending on what "reading a word" (or byte) means to the hardware for that particular hardware register. HTH, --Eljay
