Hi Tommy, In C++, every class some freebies. If you write this... class Foo { }; ...the compiler generates this... class Foo { public: Foo(); Foo(Foo const&); ~Foo(); Foo& operator = (Foo const&); Foo* operator & (); Foo const* operator & () const; }; (I presume the definitions of these methods are obvious.) If you don't want the compiler to generate one-or-more of those functions, you could explicitly declare them in a private section, and leave them unimplemented. HTH, --Eljay