Here is a good link to catch up on modern header noataion, and the associated namespace features of ANSI C++: http://www.cplusplus.com/doc/ansi/hfiles.html The ANSI standard first came out in 1998, so this is is not new, but it came at a somewhat awkward time with respect to compiler and book major releases. It is a good example that you need to keep an eye on your books publishing date. Older books (and theoccasional lazy author) have stuff like this wrong. HTH, Wayne
