Dear GCC, I'm trying to build a GCC/GNAT cross compiler from host=i686-linux-pc to target=powerpc-unknown-elf. I have managed to build the cross compiler with gcc-3.4 (head version), binutils, and newlibs (also the development version from CVS tree). However, I run into problems linking an Ada file to create an executable. It looks like the linker (gnatlink) doesn't know what target it should link to (for embedded application). Bill Gatliff mentioned that -myellowknife can be given to gcc as its target. However, I tried that and it still doesn't work. Here is what I did: $powerpc-elf-gcc -c hello_world.adb $powerpc-elf-gnatbind hello_world.ali $powerpc-elf-gnatlink --GCC="/home/pee/XComp_source/CrossGNAT/script_3.4_3/XCompiler/bin/powerpc-elf-gcc -myellowknife" -v -v hello_world.ali Here is the error I got: GNATLINK 3.4 20031202 (experimental) Copyright 1995-2003 Free Software Foundation, Inc powerpc-elf-gcc -c -gnatA -gnatWb -gnatiw -myellowknife -v -gnatws b~hello_world.adb Reading specs from /home/pee/XComp_source/CrossGNAT/script_3.4_3/XCompiler/lib/gcc/powerpc-elf/3.4/specs Configured with: ../gcc-3.4/configure --target=powerpc-elf --prefix=/home/pee/XComp_source/CrossGNAT/script_3.4_3/XCompiler --enable-languages=c,ada --with-local-prefix=/home/pee/XComp_source/CrossGNAT/script_3.4_3/XCompiler/powerpc-elf --with-gnu-as --with-gnu-ld --nfp Thread model: single gcc version 3.4 20031202 (experimental) /home/pee/XComp_source/CrossGNAT/script_3.4_3/XCompiler/libexec/gcc/powerpc-elf/3.4/gnat1 -quiet -dumpbase b~hello_world.adb -gnatA -gnatWb -gnatiw -gnatws -myellowknife b~hello_world.adb -o /tmp/ccvfAtYg.s /home/pee/XComp_source/CrossGNAT/script_3.4_3/XCompiler/lib/gcc/powerpc-elf/3.4/../../../../powerpc-elf/bin/as -mppc -V -Qy -o b~hello_world.o /tmp/ccvfAtYg.s GNU assembler version 2.14.90 (powerpc-elf) using BFD version 2.14.90 20031129 /home/pee/XComp_source/CrossGNAT/script_3.4_3/XCompiler/bin/powerpc-elf-gcc b~hello_world.o ./hello_world.o -v -o hello_world -myellowknife Reading specs from /home/pee/XComp_source/CrossGNAT/script_3.4_3/XCompiler/lib/gcc/powerpc-elf/3.4/specs Configured with: ../gcc-3.4/configure --target=powerpc-elf --prefix=/home/pee/XComp_source/CrossGNAT/script_3.4_3/XCompiler --enable-languages=c,ada --with-local-prefix=/home/pee/XComp_source/CrossGNAT/script_3.4_3/XCompiler/powerpc-elf --with-gnu-as --with-gnu-ld --nfp Thread model: single gcc version 3.4 20031202 (experimental) /home/pee/XComp_source/CrossGNAT/script_3.4_3/XCompiler/libexec/gcc/powerpc-elf/3.4/collect2 --eh-frame-hdr -V -Qy -dn -Bstatic -T /home/pee/XComp_source/CrossGNAT/script_3.4_3/XCompiler/lib/gcc/powerpc-elf/3.4/../../../../powerpc-elf/lib/yellowknife.ld -o hello_world /home/pee/XComp_source/CrossGNAT/script_3.4_3/XCompiler/lib/gcc/powerpc-elf/3.4/ecrti.o /home/pee/XComp_source/CrossGNAT/script_3.4_3/XCompiler/lib/gcc/powerpc-elf/3.4/../../../../powerpc-elf/lib/crt0.o /home/pee/XComp_source/CrossGNAT/script_3.4_3/XCompiler/lib/gcc/powerpc-elf/3.4/crtbegin.o -L/home/pee/XComp_source/CrossGNAT/script_3.4_3/XCompiler/lib/gcc/powerpc-elf/3.4 -L/home/pee/XComp_source/CrossGNAT/script_3.4_3/XCompiler/lib/gcc/powerpc-elf/3.4/../../../../powerpc-elf/lib b~hello_world.o ./hello_world.o -lgcc --start-group -lyk -lc --end-group -lgcc /home/pee/XComp_source/CrossGNAT/script_3.4_3/XCompiler/lib/gcc/powerpc-elf/3.4/crtsavres.o /home/pee/XComp_source/CrossGNAT/script_3.4_3/XCompiler/lib/gc! c/powerpc-elf/3.4/crtend.o /home/pee/XComp_source/CrossGNAT/script_3.4_3/XCompiler/lib/gcc/powerpc-elf/3.4/ecrtn.o b~hello_world.o(.text+0x18): In function `adainit': : undefined reference to `system__standard_library___elabs' b~hello_world.o(.text+0x20): In function `adainit': : undefined reference to `ada__exceptions___elabs' b~hello_world.o(.text+0x28): In function `adainit': : undefined reference to `system__exceptions___elabs' b~hello_world.o(.text+0x2e): In function `adainit': : undefined reference to `system__exceptions_E' b~hello_world.o(.text+0x36): In function `adainit': : undefined reference to `system__exceptions_E' b~hello_world.o(.text+0x3c): In function `adainit': : undefined reference to `system__soft_links___elabb' b~hello_world.o(.text+0x42): In function `adainit': : undefined reference to `system__soft_links_E' b~hello_world.o(.text+0x4a): In function `adainit': : undefined reference to `system__soft_links_E' b~hello_world.o(.text+0x50): In function `adainit': : undefined reference to `system__secondary_stack___elabb' b~hello_world.o(.text+0x56): In function `adainit': : undefined reference to `system__secondary_stack_E' b~hello_world.o(.text+0x5e): In function `adainit': : undefined reference to `system__secondary_stack_E' b~hello_world.o(.text+0x64): In function `adainit': : undefined reference to `system__exception_table___elabb' b~hello_world.o(.text+0x6a): In function `adainit': : undefined reference to `system__exception_table_E' b~hello_world.o(.text+0x72): In function `adainit': : undefined reference to `system__exception_table_E' b~hello_world.o(.text+0x78): In function `adainit': : undefined reference to `ada__io_exceptions___elabs' b~hello_world.o(.text+0x7e): In function `adainit': : undefined reference to `ada__io_exceptions_E' b~hello_world.o(.text+0x86): In function `adainit': : undefined reference to `ada__io_exceptions_E' b~hello_world.o(.text+0x8c): In function `adainit': : undefined reference to `ada__tags___elabs' b~hello_world.o(.text+0x94): In function `adainit': : undefined reference to `ada__tags___elabb' b~hello_world.o(.text+0x9a): In function `adainit': : undefined reference to `ada__tags_E' b~hello_world.o(.text+0xa2): In function `adainit': : undefined reference to `ada__tags_E' b~hello_world.o(.text+0xa8): In function `adainit': : undefined reference to `ada__streams___elabs' b~hello_world.o(.text+0xae): In function `adainit': : undefined reference to `ada__streams_E' b~hello_world.o(.text+0xb6): In function `adainit': : undefined reference to `ada__streams_E' b~hello_world.o(.text+0xbc): In function `adainit': : undefined reference to `system__finalization_root___elabs' b~hello_world.o(.text+0xc2): In function `adainit': : undefined reference to `system__finalization_root_E' b~hello_world.o(.text+0xca): In function `adainit': : undefined reference to `system__finalization_root_E' b~hello_world.o(.text+0xce): In function `adainit': : undefined reference to `system__standard_library_E' b~hello_world.o(.text+0xd6): In function `adainit': : undefined reference to `system__standard_library_E' b~hello_world.o(.text+0xdc): In function `adainit': : undefined reference to `ada__exceptions___elabb' b~hello_world.o(.text+0xe2): In function `adainit': : undefined reference to `ada__exceptions_E' b~hello_world.o(.text+0xea): In function `adainit': : undefined reference to `ada__exceptions_E' b~hello_world.o(.text+0xf0): In function `adainit': : undefined reference to `system__finalization_implementation___elabs' b~hello_world.o(.text+0xf8): In function `adainit': : undefined reference to `system__finalization_implementation___elabb' b~hello_world.o(.text+0xfe): In function `adainit': : undefined reference to `system__finalization_implementation_E' b~hello_world.o(.text+0x106): In function `adainit': : undefined reference to `system__finalization_implementation_E' b~hello_world.o(.text+0x10c): In function `adainit': : undefined reference to `ada__finalization___elabs' b~hello_world.o(.text+0x112): In function `adainit': : undefined reference to `ada__finalization_E' b~hello_world.o(.text+0x11a): In function `adainit': : undefined reference to `ada__finalization_E' b~hello_world.o(.text+0x120): In function `adainit': : undefined reference to `ada__finalization__list_controller___elabs' b~hello_world.o(.text+0x126): In function `adainit': : undefined reference to `ada__finalization__list_controller_E' b~hello_world.o(.text+0x12e): In function `adainit': : undefined reference to `ada__finalization__list_controller_E' b~hello_world.o(.text+0x134): In function `adainit': : undefined reference to `system__file_control_block___elabs' b~hello_world.o(.text+0x13a): In function `adainit': : undefined reference to `system__file_control_block_E' b~hello_world.o(.text+0x142): In function `adainit': : undefined reference to `system__file_control_block_E' b~hello_world.o(.text+0x148): In function `adainit': : undefined reference to `system__file_io___elabb' b~hello_world.o(.text+0x14e): In function `adainit': : undefined reference to `system__file_io_E' b~hello_world.o(.text+0x156): In function `adainit': : undefined reference to `system__file_io_E' b~hello_world.o(.text+0x15c): In function `adainit': : undefined reference to `ada__text_io___elabs' b~hello_world.o(.text+0x164): In function `adainit': : undefined reference to `ada__text_io___elabb' b~hello_world.o(.text+0x16a): In function `adainit': : undefined reference to `ada__text_io_E' b~hello_world.o(.text+0x172): In function `adainit': : undefined reference to `ada__text_io_E' b~hello_world.o(.text+0x1a0): In function `adafinal': : undefined reference to `system__standard_library__adafinal' b~hello_world.o(.text+0x1fc): In function `main': : undefined reference to `__gnat_initialize' b~hello_world.o(.text+0x210): In function `main': : undefined reference to `system__standard_library__adafinal' b~hello_world.o(.text+0x218): In function `main': : undefined reference to `__gnat_finalize' ./hello_world.o(.text+0x28): In function `_ada_hello_world': : undefined reference to `ada__text_io__put__4' GNU ld version 2.14.90 20031129 Supported emulations: elf32ppc elf32ppclinux elf32ppcsim collect2: ld returned 1 exit status powerpc-elf-gnatlink: cannot call /home/pee/XComp_source/CrossGNAT/script_3.4_3/XCompiler/bin/powerpc-elf-gcc Please let me know if you know a solution to this problem. Thank you very much. Pee
