Hi Wei, >My questions is: which style is the better one to follow? For your own code, I'd recommed Scott Meyer's guideline. Keep in mind, it's a guideline. Not an absolute commandment from on high. The STL may-or-may-not follow Scott Meyer's guideline at the discretion of the compiler author. And when they don't follow Scott Meyer's guideline, I'm willing to wager that it's for a good reason. At times, there are very good reasons to ignore Scott Meyer's guidelines. But, in the general case -- and especially if one doesn't understand the when & why -- Scott Meyer's guidelines are good advice. Sincerely, --Eljay