Re: How to use FcFontMatch to find a font with a given character

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On 29 June 2018 at 19:12, Lawrence D'Oliveiro <ldo@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx> wrote:
On Fri, 29 Jun 2018 18:12:40 +0800, Elias Mårtenson wrote:

> When I use FcMatchPattern, the program returns DejaVuSans.ttf. If I
> use FcMatchFont instead, it returns FreeMono.ttf.
>
> The interesting thing is that none of these fonts actually contains
> U+0x63A (checked by reading the "charset" value).

I’m not sure what the difference is, but I gather that Fontconfig never
fails to return a font, as long as it can find at least one on your
system.

Indeed, and FcFontMatch does always return a font. However, which font it
actually returns changes depending on the argument I use to FcConfigSubstitute.
Sometimes, it seems as though the result I get from when kind is set to
FcMatchFont is better (using a purely subjective definition of "better") than what I
get when using FcMatchPattern. However, when I have searched for the use of
this function, people in general seem to use the latter.

The documentation for FcConfigSubstitute has the following to say about the
"kind" parameter, and I have frankly no idea what it means:

    "Performs the sequence of pattern modification operations, if kind is FcMatchPattern,
    then those tagged as pattern operations are applied, else if kind is FcMatchFont,
    those tagged as font operations are applied and p_pat is used for <test> elements
    with target=pattern."

Remember that Fontconfig is all about “best effort” to match
what you require, rather than “perfect match”. I think FcMatchPattern is
the right one to use. You can then scan the list of candidates returned,
querying their actual “charset” properties to see which one(s) are
sufficient for your needs.

FcMatchFont always returns only one result though.
 
By the way, just checked DejaVu Sans on my system, and it does indeed
have “U+063A ARABIC LETTER GHAIN”.

Do it does. I've been testing with U+03C6 GREEK SMALL LETTER PHI, and it
does exist in DejaVu Sans, Fontconfig correctly finds it when I query for fonts
that contain this character, but when I use FcCharSetFirstPage and
FcCharSetNextPage, the resulting bitmaps indicates that this character does
not exist.

Bug in Fontconfig?

Regards,
Elias
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