Hi Baolu, On Tue, 28 Mar 2023 09:29:19 -0700, Jacob Pan <jacob.jun.pan@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx> wrote: > > > On VT-d platforms, RID_PASID is used for DMA request without PASID. We > > > should not treat RID_PASID special instead let it be allocated from > > > the global SVA PASID number space. > > > > It's same to AMD and ARM SMMUv3, right? They also need an explicit > > reservation of PASID 0. > > > yes, all IOMMU drivers need to do that. I will give it a try but might > need help to place the call. It might be simpler to just let SVA code allocate from 1 up instead of 0 (as is in the current code). Global PASID allocator would still allow the full range from 0 to max. Then there is no change to architectures that don't support non-zero RID_PASID. For VT-d, it would still work in the future when we have nonzero RID_PASID. is that reasonable? Thanks, Jacob