On Wed, 2023-09-06 at 17:47 -0500, Benjamin Marzinski wrote:
> On Fri, Sep 01, 2023 at 08:02:31PM +0200, mwilck@xxxxxxxx wrote:
> > From: Martin Wilck <mwilck@xxxxxxxx>
> >
> > Rather than opening the bindings file every time we must retrieve
> > a binding, keep the contents in memory and write the file only
> > if additions have been made. This simplifies the code, and should
> > speed up
> > alias lookups significantly. As a side effect, the aliases will be
> > stored
> > sorted by alias, which changes the way aliases are allocated if
> > there are
> > unused "holes" in the sequence of aliases. For example, if the
> > bindings file
> > contains mpathb, mpathy, and mpatha, in this order, the next new
> > alias used to
> > be mpathz and is now mpathc.
> >
> > Another side effect is that multipathd will not automatically pick
> > up changes
> > to the bindings file at runtime without a reconfigure operation. It
> > is
> > questionable whether these on-the-fly changes were a good idea in
> > the first
> > place, as inconsistent configurations may easily come to pass. It
> > desired,
> > it would be feasible to implement automatic update of the bindings
> > using the
> > existing inotify approach.
>
> I'm not so much worried about someone manually changing the bindings
> file outside of multipath. But it is possible for multipathd to miss
> changes made by the multipath command. For instance, say that
> someone
> has find_multipaths set to "yes" and adds a new device, but only a
> single path comes up. They know there will be more paths later, so
> they
> run
>
> # multipath <new_path_dev>
>
> to create a multipath device for this. Multipathd won't pick up this
> new binding. If, for some reason the path goes away, and comes back
> later, it will now be in the bindings file, but multipathd will still
> have no record of the correct binding for it, which already exists in
> the bindings file. I don't know if this needs something as complex as
> inotify to handle. We could just record the mtime of the bindings
> file
> when we read it. If it has changed when we call
> get_user_friendly_alias() or get_user_friendly_wwid() we would call
> check_alias_settings().
>
> additional comments below.
> > The new implementation of get_user_friendly_alias() is slightly
> > different
> > than before. The logic is summarized in a comment in the code. Unit
> > tests
> > will be provided that illustrate the changes.
> >
> > Signed-off-by: Martin Wilck <mwilck@xxxxxxxx>
> > ---
> > libmultipath/alias.c | 369 ++++++++++++++++-------------------
> > ----
> > libmultipath/alias.h | 2 +-
> > libmultipath/configure.c | 3 +-
> > 3 files changed, 157 insertions(+), 217 deletions(-)
> >
> > diff --git a/libmultipath/alias.c b/libmultipath/alias.c
> > index 2f9bc82..6003df0 100644
> > --- a/libmultipath/alias.c
> > +++ b/libmultipath/alias.c
> > @@ -50,8 +50,6 @@
> > "# alias wwid\n" \
> > "#\n"
> >
> > -static const char bindings_file_header[] = BINDINGS_FILE_HEADER;
> > -
> > struct binding {
> > char *alias;
> > char *wwid;
> > @@ -80,6 +78,45 @@ static void _free_binding(struct binding *bdg)
> > free(bdg);
> > }
> >
> > +static const struct binding *get_binding_for_alias(const Bindings
> > *bindings,
> > + const char
> > *alias)
> > +{
> > + const struct binding *bdg;
> > + int i;
> > +
> > + if (!alias)
> > + return NULL;
> > + vector_foreach_slot(bindings, bdg, i) {
> > + if (!strncmp(bdg->alias, alias, WWID_SIZE)) {
> > + condlog(3, "Found matching alias [%s] in
> > bindings file."
> > + " Setting wwid to %s", alias, bdg-
> > >wwid);
> > + return bdg;
> > + }
> > + }
> > +
> > + condlog(3, "No matching alias [%s] in bindings file.",
> > alias);
> > + return NULL;
> > +}
> > +
> > +static const struct binding *get_binding_for_wwid(const Bindings
> > *bindings,
> > + const char *wwid)
> > +{
> > + const struct binding *bdg;
> > + int i;
> > +
> > + if (!wwid)
> > + return NULL;
> > + vector_foreach_slot(bindings, bdg, i) {
> > + if (!strncmp(bdg->wwid, wwid, WWID_SIZE)) {
> > + condlog(3, "Found matching wwid [%s] in
> > bindings file."
> > + " Setting alias to %s", wwid, bdg-
> > >alias);
> > + return bdg;
> > + }
> > + }
> > + condlog(3, "No matching wwid [%s] in bindings file.",
> > wwid);
> > + return NULL;
> > +}
> > +
> > static int add_binding(Bindings *bindings, const char *alias,
> > const char *wwid)
> > {
> > struct binding *bdg;
> > @@ -115,6 +152,24 @@ static int add_binding(Bindings *bindings,
> > const char *alias, const char *wwid)
> > return BINDING_ERROR;
> > }
> >
> > +static int delete_binding(Bindings *bindings, const char *wwid)
> > +{
> > + struct binding *bdg;
> > + int i;
> > +
> > + vector_foreach_slot(bindings, bdg, i) {
> > + if (!strncmp(bdg->wwid, wwid, WWID_SIZE)) {
> > + _free_binding(bdg);
> > + break;
> > + }
> > + }
> > + if (i >= VECTOR_SIZE(bindings))
> > + return BINDING_NOTFOUND;
> > +
> > + vector_del_slot(bindings, i);
> > + return BINDING_DELETED;
> > +}
> > +
> > static int write_bindings_file(const Bindings *bindings, int fd)
> > {
> > struct binding *bnd;
> > @@ -267,38 +322,15 @@ static bool id_already_taken(int id, const
> > char *prefix, const char *map_wwid)
> > return alias_already_taken(alias, map_wwid);
> > }
> >
> > -/*
> > - * Returns: 0 if matching entry in WWIDs file found
> > - * -1 if an error occurs
> > - * >0 a free ID that could be used for the WWID at hand
> > - * *map_alias is set to a freshly allocated string with the
> > matching alias if
> > - * the function returns 0, or to NULL otherwise.
> > - */
> > -static int
> > -lookup_binding(FILE *f, const char *map_wwid, char **map_alias,
> > - const char *prefix, int check_if_taken)
> > +int get_free_id(const Bindings *bindings, const char *prefix,
> > const char *map_wwid)
> > {
> > - char buf[LINE_MAX];
> > - unsigned int line_nr = 0;
> > - int id = 1;
> > + const struct binding *bdg;
> > + int i, id = 1;
> > int biggest_id = 1;
> > int smallest_bigger_id = INT_MAX;
> >
> > - *map_alias = NULL;
> > -
> > - rewind(f);
> > - while (fgets(buf, LINE_MAX, f)) {
> > - const char *alias, *wwid;
> > - char *c, *saveptr;
> > - int curr_id;
> > -
> > - line_nr++;
> > - c = strpbrk(buf, "#\n\r");
> > - if (c)
> > - *c = '\0';
> > - alias = strtok_r(buf, " \t", &saveptr);
> > - if (!alias) /* blank line */
> > - continue;
> > + vector_foreach_slot(bindings, bdg, i) {
> > + int curr_id = scan_devname(bdg->alias, prefix);
>
> If we know that the bindings will be sorted by alias order, we don't
> need to do all this. Something like this should work:
That's true. Unfortunately, we can't ensure ordering "by alias order".
The reason is that our configuration allows using different alias
prefixes for different devices. The current sorting is simply
alphabetical. It detects duplicates, but it ensures "alias order" only
between "mpatha" and "mpathz".
I've thought of just removing the "different aliases for different
devices" feature. I don't know if any users out there actually set
device-specific alias_prefix values in the devices section of
multipath.conf. I don't recall having seen such a configuration so far;
almost every config I have seen simply uses "mpath" everywhere. But I
recognize that it may feel tempting in some cases. One could use the
"NETAPP" prefix for some arrays and the "EMC" prefix for others, for
example, making it easier to see which is what. And we simply don't
know if we'd break existing user setups with such a change. So if at
all, we can't do it in a minor release without deprecating it first.
When we add a binding in add_binding(), we don't know which
alias_prefix is configured for a given WWID, and we have no easy way to
figure it out. We know the alias, but we don't know which portion of it
is the prefix and which is the ID (it's not forbidden to use "aaaa" as
alias_prefix). I wouldn't want to start guessing.
If you can think of a way to keep the bindings cleanly sorted, please
let me know.
>
> if (curr_id <= 0)
> continue;
>
> while (id < curr_id) {
> if (!id_already_taken(id, prefix, map_wwid))
> return id;
> id++;
> }
> if (id == INT_MAX)
> break;
> id++;
> }
> if (id == INT_MAX)
> condlog(0, "no more available user_friendly_names");
> return id < INT_MAX ? id : -1;
> }
> >
> > /*
> > * Find an unused index - explanation of the
> > algorithm
> > @@ -333,8 +365,6 @@ lookup_binding(FILE *f, const char *map_wwid,
> > char **map_alias,
> > * biggest_id is always > smallest_bigger_id,
> > except in the
> > * "perfectly ordered" case.
> > */
> > -
> > - curr_id = scan_devname(alias, prefix);
> > if (curr_id == id) {
> > if (id < INT_MAX)
> > id++;
> > @@ -345,36 +375,15 @@ lookup_binding(FILE *f, const char *map_wwid,
> > char **map_alias,
> > }
> > if (curr_id > biggest_id)
> > biggest_id = curr_id;
> > +
> > if (curr_id > id && curr_id < smallest_bigger_id)
> > smallest_bigger_id = curr_id;
> > - wwid = strtok_r(NULL, " \t", &saveptr);
> > - if (!wwid){
> > - condlog(3,
> > - "Ignoring malformed line %u in
> > bindings file",
> > - line_nr);
> > - continue;
> > - }
> > - if (strcmp(wwid, map_wwid) == 0){
> > - condlog(3, "Found matching wwid [%s] in
> > bindings file."
> > - " Setting alias to %s", wwid,
> > alias);
> > - *map_alias = strdup(alias);
> > - if (*map_alias == NULL) {
> > - condlog(0, "Cannot copy alias from
> > bindings "
> > - "file: out of memory");
> > - return -1;
> > - }
> > - return 0;
> > - }
> > }
> > - if (!prefix && check_if_taken)
> > - id = -1;
> > - if (id >= smallest_bigger_id) {
> > - if (biggest_id < INT_MAX)
> > - id = biggest_id + 1;
> > - else
> > - id = -1;
> > - }
> > - if (id > 0 && check_if_taken) {
> > +
> > + if (id >= smallest_bigger_id)
> > + id = biggest_id < INT_MAX ? biggest_id + 1 : -1;
> > +
> > + if (id > 0) {
> > while(id_already_taken(id, prefix, map_wwid)) {
> > if (id == INT_MAX) {
> > id = -1;
> > @@ -391,63 +400,16 @@ lookup_binding(FILE *f, const char *map_wwid,
> > char **map_alias,
> > }
> > }
> > }
> > - if (id < 0) {
> > +
> > + if (id < 0)
> > condlog(0, "no more available
> > user_friendly_names");
> > - return -1;
> > - } else
> > - condlog(3, "No matching wwid [%s] in bindings
> > file.", map_wwid);
> > return id;
> > }
> >
> > -static int
> > -rlookup_binding(FILE *f, char *buff, const char *map_alias)
> > -{
> > - char line[LINE_MAX];
> > - unsigned int line_nr = 0;
> > -
> > - buff[0] = '\0';
> > -
> > - while (fgets(line, LINE_MAX, f)) {
> > - char *c, *saveptr;
> > - const char *alias, *wwid;
> > -
> > - line_nr++;
> > - c = strpbrk(line, "#\n\r");
> > - if (c)
> > - *c = '\0';
> > - alias = strtok_r(line, " \t", &saveptr);
> > - if (!alias) /* blank line */
> > - continue;
> > - wwid = strtok_r(NULL, " \t", &saveptr);
> > - if (!wwid){
> > - condlog(3,
> > - "Ignoring malformed line %u in
> > bindings file",
> > - line_nr);
> > - continue;
> > - }
> > - if (strlen(wwid) > WWID_SIZE - 1) {
> > - condlog(3,
> > - "Ignoring too large wwid at %u in
> > bindings file", line_nr);
> > - continue;
> > - }
> > - if (strcmp(alias, map_alias) == 0){
> > - condlog(3, "Found matching alias [%s] in
> > bindings file."
> > - " Setting wwid to %s", alias,
> > wwid);
> > - strlcpy(buff, wwid, WWID_SIZE);
> > - return 0;
> > - }
> > - }
> > - condlog(3, "No matching alias [%s] in bindings file.",
> > map_alias);
> > -
> > - return -1;
> > -}
> > -
> > static char *
> > -allocate_binding(int fd, const char *wwid, int id, const char
> > *prefix)
> > +allocate_binding(const char *filename, const char *wwid, int id,
> > const char *prefix)
> > {
> > STRBUF_ON_STACK(buf);
> > - off_t offset;
> > - ssize_t len;
> > char *alias, *c;
> >
> > if (id <= 0) {
> > @@ -460,29 +422,22 @@ allocate_binding(int fd, const char *wwid,
> > int id, const char *prefix)
> > format_devname(&buf, id) == -1)
> > return NULL;
> >
> > - if (print_strbuf(&buf, " %s\n", wwid) < 0)
> > - return NULL;
> > -
> > - offset = lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_END);
> > - if (offset < 0){
> > - condlog(0, "Cannot seek to end of bindings file :
> > %s",
> > - strerror(errno));
> > - return NULL;
> > - }
> > -
> > - len = get_strbuf_len(&buf);
> > alias = steal_strbuf_str(&buf);
> >
> > - if (write(fd, alias, len) != len) {
> > - condlog(0, "Cannot write binding to bindings file :
> > %s",
> > - strerror(errno));
> > - /* clear partial write */
> > - if (ftruncate(fd, offset))
> > - condlog(0, "Cannot truncate the header :
> > %s",
> > - strerror(errno));
> > + if (add_binding(&global_bindings, alias, wwid) !=
> > BINDING_ADDED) {
> > + condlog(0, "%s: cannot allocate new binding %s for
> > %s",
> > + __func__, alias, wwid);
> > free(alias);
> > return NULL;
> > }
> > +
> > + if (update_bindings_file(&global_bindings, filename) == -1)
> > {
> > + condlog(1, "%s: deleting binding %s for %s",
> > __func__, alias, wwid);
> > + delete_binding(&global_bindings, wwid);
> > + free(alias);
> > + return NULL;
> > + }
> > +
>
> We no longer need to end the alias at the space, since we're not
> printing the wwid in the buffer.
Right, thanks. This makes me realize that we don't sanity-check the
alias prefix, but that's a different issue.
>
> > c = strchr(alias, ' ');
> > if (c)
> > *c = '\0';
> > @@ -491,144 +446,130 @@ allocate_binding(int fd, const char *wwid,
> > int id, const char *prefix)
> > return alias;
> > }
> >
> > +/*
> > + * get_user_friendly_alias() action table
> > + *
> > + * The table shows the various cases, the actions taken, and the
> > CI
> > + * functions from tests/alias.c that represent them.
> > + *
> > + * - O: old alias given
> > + * - A: old alias in table (y: yes, correct WWID; X: yes, wrong
> > WWID)
> > + * - W: wwid in table
> > + * - U: old alias is used
> > + *
> > + * | No | O | A | W | U |
> > action | function
> > gufa_X |
> > + * |----+---+---+---+---+----------------------------------------
> > ----+------------------------------|
> > + * | 1 | n | - | n | - | get new
> > alias | nomatch_Y |
> > + * | 2 | n | - | y | - | use alias from
> > bindings | match_a_Y |
> > + * | 3 | y | n | n | n | add binding for old
> > alias | old_nomatch_nowwidmatch |
> > + * | 4 | y | n | n | y | error, no alias (can't add
> > entry) | old_nomatch_nowwidmatch_used |
> > + * | 5 | y | n | y | - | use alias from bindings (avoid
> > duplicates) | old_nomatch_wwidmatch |
> > + * | 6 | y | y | n | - | [ impossible
> > ] | - |
> > + * | 7 | y | y | y | n | use old alias == alias from
> > bindings | old_match |
> > + * | 8 | y | y | y | y | error, no alias (would be
> > duplicate) | old_match_used |
> > + * | 9 | y | X | n | - | get new
> > alias | old_match_other |
> > + * | 10 | y | X | y | - | use alias from
> > bindings | old_match_other_wwidmatch |
> > + *
> > + * Notes:
> > + * - "use alias from bindings" means that the alias from the
> > bindings file will
> > + * be tried; if it is in use, the alias selection will fail.
> > No other
> > + * bindings will be attempted.
> > + * - "get new alias" fails if all aliases are used up, or if
> > writing the
> > + * bindings file fails.
> > + */
> > +
> > char *get_user_friendly_alias(const char *wwid, const char *file,
> > const char *alias_old,
> > const char *prefix, bool
> > bindings_read_only)
> > {
> > char *alias = NULL;
> > int id = 0;
> > - int fd, can_write;
> > bool new_binding = false;
> > - char buff[WWID_SIZE];
> > - FILE *f;
> > + bool old_alias_taken = false;
> > + const struct binding *bdg;
> >
> > - fd = open_file(file, &can_write, bindings_file_header);
> > - if (fd < 0)
> > - return NULL;
> > -
> > - f = fdopen(fd, "r");
> > - if (!f) {
> > - condlog(0, "cannot fdopen on bindings file
> > descriptor");
> > - close(fd);
> > - return NULL;
> > - }
> > -
> > - if (!strlen(alias_old))
> > + if (!*alias_old)
> > goto new_alias;
> >
> > - /* lookup the binding. if it exists, the wwid will be in
> > buff
> > - * either way, id contains the id for the alias
> > - */
> > - rlookup_binding(f, buff, alias_old);
> > -
> > - if (strlen(buff) > 0) {
> > - /* if buff is our wwid, it's already
> > - * allocated correctly
> > - */
> > - if (strcmp(buff, wwid) == 0) {
> > + /* See if there's a binding matching both alias_old and
> > wwid */
> > + bdg = get_binding_for_alias(&global_bindings, alias_old);
> > + if (bdg) {
> > + if (!strcmp(bdg->wwid, wwid)) {
>
> I'm still not convinced that it is possible for mpp->alias_old to be
> set
> when there isn't a multipath device with the alias_old and the
> desired
> wwid. Unless I'm missing something we should be able to skip the
> alias_already_taken() check.
Let's follow up this discussion in the 4/21 thread.
>
> > if (!alias_already_taken(alias_old, wwid))
> > alias = strdup(alias_old);
> > else
> > condlog(0, "ERROR: old alias [%s]
> > for wwid [%s] is used by other map",
> > alias_old, wwid);
> > goto out;
> > -
> > } else {
> > condlog(0, "alias %s already bound to wwid
> > %s, cannot reuse",
> > - alias_old, buff);
> > - goto new_alias; ;
> > + alias_old, bdg->wwid);
> > + goto new_alias;
> > }
> > }
> >
> > - /*
> > - * Look for an existing alias in the bindings file.
> > - * Pass prefix = NULL, so lookup_binding() won't try to
> > allocate a new id.
> > - */
> > - id = lookup_binding(f, wwid, &alias, NULL, 0);
> > - if (alias) {
> > - if (alias_already_taken(alias, wwid)) {
> > - free(alias);
> > - alias = NULL;
> > - } else
> > - condlog(3, "Use existing binding [%s] for
> > WWID [%s]",
> > - alias, wwid);
> > - goto out;
> > - }
> > -
> > /* allocate the existing alias in the bindings file */
> > - id = scan_devname(alias_old, prefix);
> > - if (id > 0 && id_already_taken(id, prefix, wwid)) {
> again, I think it's safe to skip this check, since we're checking
> alias_old.
> > + if (alias_already_taken(alias_old, wwid)) {
> > condlog(0, "ERROR: old alias [%s] for wwid [%s] is
> > used by other map",
> > alias_old, wwid);
> > + old_alias_taken = true;
> > + } else
> > + id = scan_devname(alias_old, prefix);
> > +
> > +new_alias:
> > + /* Check for existing binding of WWID */
> > + bdg = get_binding_for_wwid(&global_bindings, wwid);
> > + if (bdg) {
> > + if (!alias_already_taken(bdg->alias, wwid)) {
> > + condlog(3, "Use existing binding [%s] for
> > WWID [%s]",
> > + bdg->alias, wwid);
> > + alias = strdup(bdg->alias);
> > + }
> > goto out;
> > }
> >
> > -new_alias:
> > - if (id <= 0) {
> > + /*
> > + * old_alias_taken means that the WWID is not in the
> > bindings file, but
> > + * alias_old is currently taken by a different WWID. We
> > shouldn't added
> > + * a new binding in this case.
> > + */
> > + if (id <= 0 && !old_alias_taken) {
> > /*
> > * no existing alias was provided, or allocating it
> > * failed. Try a new one.
> > */
> > - id = lookup_binding(f, wwid, &alias, prefix, 1);
> > - if (id == 0 && alias_already_taken(alias, wwid)) {
> > - free(alias);
> > - alias = NULL;
> > - }
> > + id = get_free_id(&global_bindings, prefix, wwid);
> > if (id <= 0)
> > goto out;
> > else
> > new_binding = true;
> > }
> >
> > - if (fflush(f) != 0) {
> > - condlog(0, "cannot fflush bindings file stream :
> > %s",
> > - strerror(errno));
> > - goto out;
> > - }
> > + if (!bindings_read_only && id > 0)
> > + alias = allocate_binding(file, wwid, id, prefix);
> >
> > - if (can_write && !bindings_read_only) {
> > - alias = allocate_binding(fd, wwid, id, prefix);
> > - if (alias && !new_binding)
> > - condlog(2, "Allocated existing binding [%s]
> > for WWID [%s]",
> > - alias, wwid);
> > - }
> > + if (alias && !new_binding)
> > + condlog(2, "Allocated existing binding [%s] for
> > WWID [%s]",
> > + alias, wwid);
> >
> > out:
> > - pthread_cleanup_push(free, alias);
> > - fclose(f);
> > - pthread_cleanup_pop(0);
> > return alias;
> > }
> >
> > -int
> > -get_user_friendly_wwid(const char *alias, char *buff, const char
> > *file)
> > +int get_user_friendly_wwid(const char *alias, char *buff)
> > {
> > - int fd, unused;
> > - FILE *f;
> > + const struct binding *bdg;
> >
> > if (!alias || *alias == '\0') {
> > condlog(3, "Cannot find binding for empty alias");
> > return -1;
> > }
> >
> > - fd = open_file(file, &unused, bindings_file_header);
> > - if (fd < 0)
> > - return -1;
> > -
> > - f = fdopen(fd, "r");
> > - if (!f) {
> > - condlog(0, "cannot fdopen on bindings file
> > descriptor : %s",
> > - strerror(errno));
> > - close(fd);
> > + bdg = get_binding_for_alias(&global_bindings, alias);
> > + if (!bdg) {
> > + *buff = '\0';
> > return -1;
> > }
> > -
> > - rlookup_binding(f, buff, alias);
> > - if (!strlen(buff)) {
> > - fclose(f);
> > - return -1;
> > - }
> > -
> > - fclose(f);
> I think you mean bdg->wwid here.
>
Argh, thanks for spotting this.
Martin
> -Ben
>
> > + strlcpy(buff, bdg->alias, WWID_SIZE);
> > return 0;
> > }
> >
> > diff --git a/libmultipath/alias.h b/libmultipath/alias.h
> > index 37b49d9..5ef6720 100644
> > --- a/libmultipath/alias.h
> > +++ b/libmultipath/alias.h
> > @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
> > #define _ALIAS_H
> >
> > int valid_alias(const char *alias);
> > -int get_user_friendly_wwid(const char *alias, char *buff, const
> > char *file);
> > +int get_user_friendly_wwid(const char *alias, char *buff);
> > char *get_user_friendly_alias(const char *wwid, const char *file,
> > const char *alias_old,
> > const char *prefix, bool
> > bindings_read_only);
> > diff --git a/libmultipath/configure.c b/libmultipath/configure.c
> > index 029fbbd..d809490 100644
> > --- a/libmultipath/configure.c
> > +++ b/libmultipath/configure.c
> > @@ -1378,8 +1378,7 @@ static int _get_refwwid(enum mpath_cmds cmd,
> > const char *dev,
> > refwwid = tmpwwid;
> >
> > /* or may be a binding */
> > - else if (get_user_friendly_wwid(dev, tmpwwid,
> > - conf-
> > >bindings_file) == 0)
> > + else if (get_user_friendly_wwid(dev, tmpwwid) == 0)
> > refwwid = tmpwwid;
> >
> > /* or may be an alias */
> > --
> > 2.41.0
>
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