Hello, On Mon, Sep 13, 2021 at 02:35:03PM -0400, Waiman Long wrote: > The problem with percpu_ref_is_dying() is the fact that it becomes true > after percpu_ref_exit() is called in css_free_rwork_fn() which has an RCU > delay. If you want to catch the fact that kill_css() has been called, we can > check the CSS_DYING flag which is set in kill_css() by commit 33c35aa481786 > ("cgroup: Prevent kill_css() from being called more than once"). Will that > be an acceptable alternative? So, it's checking that cgroup_lock_and_drain_offline() which is used by cgroup_lock_and_drain_offline() actually waited for csses which are in the process of going offline because some operations aren't safe when racing against them. I think the right solution here is making sure that [u]mount path drains the offlining cgroups rather than getting rid of the warning. I think the warning is pointing out an actual problem. Thanks. -- tejun