My 0.02, we have done some readahead test tuning on server(ceph osd) side, the result showing that when readahead = 0.5 * object_size(4M in default), we can get max read throughput. Readahead value larger than this generally will not help, but also not harm the performance.
For your case, seems your workload(HPC) are fully sequential, so larger read ahead and prefetch should be helpful, but for RBD part, it's a bit harder to so such tuning.
-----Original Message-----
From: ceph-devel-owner@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx [mailto:ceph-devel-owner@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx] On Behalf Of Mark Nelson
Sent: Monday, July 29, 2013 10:49 PM
To: Li Wang
Cc: ceph-devel@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx; Sage Weil
Subject: Re: Read ahead affect Ceph read performance much
On 07/29/2013 05:24 AM, Li Wang wrote:
We performed Iozone read test on a 32-node HPC server. Regarding the
hardware of each node, the CPU is very powerful, so does the network,
with a bandwidth > 1.5 GB/s. 64GB memory, the IO is relatively slow,
the throughput measured by 'dd' locally is around 70MB/s. We
configured a Ceph cluster with 24 OSDs on 24 nodes, one mds, one to
four clients, one client per node. The performance is as follows,
Iozone sequential read throughput (MB/s)
Number of clients 1 2 4
Default resize 180.0954 324.4836 591.5851
Resize: 256MB 645.3347 1022.998 1267.631
The complete iozone parameter for one client is, iozone -t 1 -+m
/tmp/iozone.nodelist.50305030 -s 64G -r 4M -i 0 -+n -w -c -e -b
/tmp/iozone.nodelist.50305030.output, on each client node, only one
thread is started.
for two clients, it is,
iozone -t 2 -+m /tmp/iozone.nodelist.50305030 -s 32G -r 4M -i 0 -+n -w
-c -e -b /tmp/iozone.nodelist.50305030.output
As the data shown, a larger read ahead window could result in >300%
speedup!
Very interesting! I've done some similar tests and saw somewhat different results (I actually in some cases saw improvement with lower readahead!). I suspect that this may be very hardware dependent. Were you using RBD or CephFS? In either case, was it the kernel client or userland (IE QEMU/KVM or FUSE)? Also, where did you adjust readahead?
Was this on the client volume or under the OSDs?
I've got to prepare for the talk later this week, but I will try to get my readahead test results out soon as well.
Besides, Since the backend of Ceph is not the traditional hard disk,
it is beneficial to capture the stride read prefetching. To prove
this, we tested the stride read with the following program, as we
know, the generic read ahead algorithm of Linux kernel will not
capture stride-read prefetch, so we use fadvise() to manually force pretching.
the record size is 4MB. The result is even more surprising,
Stride read throughput (MB/s)
Number of records prefetched 0 1 4 16 64 128
Throughput 42.82 100.74 217.41 497.73 854.48 950.18
As the data shown, with a read ahead size of 128*4MB, the speedup over
without read ahead could be up to 950/42 > 2000%!
The core logic of the test program is below,
stride = 17
recordsize = 4MB
for (;;) {
for (i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
long long start = pos + (i + 1) * stride * recordsize;
printf("PRE READ %lld %lld\n", start, start + block);
posix_fadvise(fd, start, block, POSIX_FADV_WILLNEED);
}
len = read(fd, buf, block);
total += len;
printf("READ %lld %lld\n", pos, (pos + len));
pos += len;
lseek(fd, (stride - 1) * block, SEEK_CUR);
pos += (stride - 1) * block;
}
Given the above results and some more, We plan to submit a blue print
to discuss the prefetching optimization of Ceph.
Cool!
Cheers,
Li Wang
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