Barry Brimer wrote:
> > I am wondering what tools are available
> > in CentOS 5.5 that would allow me to measure incoming and
> > outgoing network speeds? My new website seems to be getting a
> > lot more traffic that I had anticipated off the bat and I would
> > like to measure resource usage to ensure it is keeping up.
> Take a look at ntop .. there are packages available from rpmforge.
+1 ntop
At the risk of pissing off the list for such a long
post, here are 2 useful shell-scripts for monitoring Linux
system bandwidth. Although they were developed on another
distro I believe (untested) they will work fine with CentOS.
The first script gets installed as a cronjob, the second is run
when you want a histogram of your bandwidth. As commented in the
script, changing 1 line in the second script gives you TX bandwidth
instead of RX. Probably it should be an argument to the script.
logifx:
----%< cut here %<-----------------------------------------------------------
#!/bin/bash
# From: William Hunt <wjh@xxxxxxxx>
# Newsgroups: alt.os.linux.slackware
# Subject: Fun with Slackware: bandwidth monitor
# Date: Wed, 23 Jan 2008 02:04:05 -0800
# A script to periodically calculate the total number of bytes
# sent and received on the given interface;
# useful for running under cron, for example.
# raw data is read from ifconfig(1); the script calculates its
# output from the current reading and from data stored in a state
# file by the previous run; the current values are then stored in
# the state file for the next run, overwriting the previous state.
# if the state file does not exist then no output is generated, but
# the new STATEF file is still initialized with current data.
#--------------------------------------------------------------
# this is a useful escape in case of trouble:
#--------------------------------------------------------------
function PANIC () { echo PANIC: $* ; exit ; }
#--------------------------------------------------------------
# syntax: logifx <interface>
#--------------------------------------------------------------
[ "$1" == "" ] && PANIC interface required.
IF=$1
#--------------------------------------------------------------
# FILES & DIRECTORIES:
#--------------------------------------------------------------
export PATH=/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin
STATED=/var/run/logifx
[ -d "${STATED}" ] || mkdir -p ${STATED} || PANIC bad ${STATED} ?
STATEF=${STATED}/ifxlog-${IF}.dat
OUTD=/var/log
OUTF=${OUTD}/ifx_${IF}
#--------------------------------------------------------------
# read ifconfig and return RX and TX values:
#--------------------------------------------------------------
function readif() {
ifconfig ${IF} | while read LINE ; do
DATA=($(echo ${LINE} | grep 'RX bytes:'))
[ $? = 0 ] && echo ${DATA[1]/bytes:} ${DATA[5]/bytes:}
done
exit 0
}
#--------------------------------------------------------------
# read the clock:
#--------------------------------------------------------------
STAMP=$( date '+%Y%m%d%H%M' ) # timestamp for logfile line
SEC=$( date '+%s' ) # time used for calculations
#--------------------------------------------------------------
# read the data - note how an array is used to receive
# two return values from the function call
#--------------------------------------------------------------
CURRENT=($( readif )) || PANIC reading ifconfig
CRX=${CURRENT[0]}
CTX=${CURRENT[1]}
#--------------------------------------------------------------
# if state file exists, read prior values and calculate output.
# negative results indicate a stale state file, so reset it.
# (not absolutely correct, but best guess and close enough);
# then append the output to the log file:
#--------------------------------------------------------------
if [ -e ${STATEF} ] ; then
read PSEC PRX PTX < ${STATEF}
SPAN=$(( ${SEC} - ${PSEC} ))
[ $SPAN -gt 0 ] || PANIC WTF? SPAN=${SPAN}
RX=$(( ${CRX} - ${PRX} ))
TX=$(( ${CTX} - ${PTX} ))
[ $RX -lt 0 ] && RX=${CRX}
[ $TX -lt 0 ] && TX=${CTX}
echo ${STAMP} ${SPAN} ${RX} ${TX} >> ${OUTF} || PANIC ${OUTF}
fi
#--------------------------------------------------------------
# update state file (overwrite)
#--------------------------------------------------------------
echo ${SEC} ${CRX} ${CTX} > ${STATEF} || PANIC updating ${STATEF}
#--------------------------------------------------------------
# the end.
# Okay? Okay! With that in /root/cron/logifx, now, the next step is
# to stuff it into cron, using crontab -l of course.
#
# * * * * * /root/cron/logifx eth0
# * * * * * /root/cron/logifx eth1
# * * * * * /root/cron/logifx eth2
#
# Note that any errors running the script are written to stdout,
# which cron will mail to the owner (root). So check for that.
#
# Note that the output record is formatted:
# 1: timestamp YYYYMMDDHHMM
# 2: interval, in seconds
# 3: total bytes received during interval preceeding timestamp;
# 4: total bytes sent during interval preceding timestamp;
----%< cut here %<-----------------------------------------------------------
view_TX:
----%< cut here %<-----------------------------------------------------------
#!/bin/awk -f
# Okay? Okay! With that in /root/cron/logifx, now, the next step is
# to stuff it into cron, using crontab -l of course.
#
# * * * * * /root/cron/logifx eth0
# * * * * * /root/cron/logifx eth1
# * * * * * /root/cron/logifx eth2
#
# Note that any errors running the script are written to stdout,
# which cron will mail to the owner (root). So check for that.
#
# Note that the output record is formatted:
# 1: timestamp YYYYMMDDHHMM
# 2: interval, in seconds
# 3: total bytes received during interval preceeding timestamp;
# 4: total bytes sent during interval preceding timestamp;
# Okay? Okay! Now comes the fun part - analyzing the data. One
# could simply use a pager (ex: less) to view the accumulated
# readings, but a graphical interpretation makes it so much easier
# to visualize the data and observe patterns. Since I work mainly
# at text consoles, I use a histogram for this.
#
function histo( X ) {
B=""
N=X^0.5 # NOTE scaling ...
for (a=0;a<N;a++) {B=B"*";}
return B
}
{
Data = ($3)
Size = Data / 1024 # kilobytes
Rate = Data / 128 / ($2) # kilobits per second
Graph = histo( Rate )
mask = "%s %5.0f KB %8.3f Kb/s %s\n"
printf( mask, $1, Size, Rate, Graph )
}
# the end.
# The second script i call view_TX and it is exactly the same
# as view_RX except for one line:
# Data = ($3)
# is replaced with:
# Data = ($4)
#
# I know i should rewrite these into one script, in such a way
# that RX vs TX would be indicated by the script name, or an
# argument, or whatever. But for my purpose this is good enough,
# and maybe some day I'll rewrite it (again :*)
#
# These scripts get called something like:
#
# view_TX /var/log/ifx_eth0 | less
#
# and generate a report something like this:
#
# [...]
# 200801222211 852 KB 113.586 Kb/s ***********
# 200801222212 4445 KB 592.651 Kb/s *************************
# 200801222213 10 KB 1.337 Kb/s **
# 200801222214 505 KB 66.245 Kb/s *********
# 200801222215 1232 KB 164.312 Kb/s *************
# 200801222216 403 KB 54.646 Kb/s ********
# 200801222217 3379 KB 450.586 Kb/s **********************
# 200801222218 172 KB 22.913 Kb/s *****
# 200801222219 19 KB 2.580 Kb/s **
# 200801222220 705 KB 94.007 Kb/s **********
# [...]
#
# Okay? Okay!
# The same ifx_eth0 file can also be used to calculate totals
# for longer intervals, like monthly, for example. I rotate
# my logs into a file tree like /var/log/YYYY/MM/DD/, so:
#
# cat /var/log/2007/12/*/ifx_eth0 | while read A B C D ; do
# TOTRX=$(( $TOTRX + $C ))
# done
# echo "TOTAL RX for December, $(( $TOTRX / 1024 / 1024 )) MB."
#
# Okay? Okay!
#
# Have fun,
#
# --
# William Hunt, Portland Oregon USA
----%< cut here %<-----------------------------------------------------------
--
Charles Polisher
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