>>...Windows would not do this. It would only open up access to devices that it thought needed DMA. This is why Metlstorm had to make his Linux machine behave like an iPod to fool Windows into spreading it's legs. So the iPod software opens up the whole address space? I don't get it. Larry Seltzer eWEEK.com Security Center Editor http://security.eweek.com/ http://blogs.pcmag.com/securitywatch/ Contributing Editor, PC Magazine larry.seltzer@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx