Re: [syzbot] [bpf?] general protection fault in bpf_prog_offload_verifier_prep

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[ Also adding Simon to Cc ]

On 9/6/23 3:50 PM, Eduard Zingerman wrote:
On Wed, 2023-09-06 at 15:40 +0300, Eduard Zingerman wrote:
On Sun, 2023-09-03 at 12:55 -0700, syzbot wrote:
Hello,

syzbot found the following issue on:

HEAD commit:    fa09bc40b21a igb: disable virtualization features on 82580
git tree:       net
console+strace: https://syzkaller.appspot.com/x/log.txt?x=13382fa8680000
kernel config:  https://syzkaller.appspot.com/x/.config?x=634e05b4025da9da
dashboard link: https://syzkaller.appspot.com/bug?extid=291100dcb32190ec02a8
compiler:       gcc (Debian 12.2.0-14) 12.2.0, GNU ld (GNU Binutils for Debian) 2.40
syz repro:      https://syzkaller.appspot.com/x/repro.syz?x=1529c448680000
C reproducer:   https://syzkaller.appspot.com/x/repro.c?x=15db0248680000

Downloadable assets:
disk image: https://storage.googleapis.com/syzbot-assets/7ab461d84992/disk-fa09bc40.raw.xz
vmlinux: https://storage.googleapis.com/syzbot-assets/3ac6d43ab2db/vmlinux-fa09bc40.xz
kernel image: https://storage.googleapis.com/syzbot-assets/778d096a134e/bzImage-fa09bc40.xz

IMPORTANT: if you fix the issue, please add the following tag to the commit:
Reported-by: syzbot+291100dcb32190ec02a8@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

general protection fault, probably for non-canonical address 0xdffffc0000000000: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP KASAN
KASAN: null-ptr-deref in range [0x0000000000000000-0x0000000000000007]
CPU: 1 PID: 5055 Comm: syz-executor625 Not tainted 6.5.0-syzkaller-04012-gfa09bc40b21a #0
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 07/26/2023
RIP: 0010:bpf_prog_offload_verifier_prep+0xaa/0x170 kernel/bpf/offload.c:295
Code: 00 fc ff df 48 89 fa 48 c1 ea 03 80 3c 02 00 0f 85 a1 00 00 00 48 b8 00 00 00 00 00 fc ff df 4c 8b 65 10 4c 89 e2 48 c1 ea 03 <80> 3c 02 00 0f 85 93 00 00 00 48 b8 00 00 00 00 00 fc ff df 4d 8b
RSP: 0018:ffffc900039ff7f8 EFLAGS: 00010246
RAX: dffffc0000000000 RBX: ffffc9000156e000 RCX: 0000000000000000
RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: ffffffff81a8cf76 RDI: ffff888021b25f10
RBP: ffff888021b25f00 R08: 0000000000000001 R09: fffffbfff195203d
R10: ffffffff8ca901ef R11: 0000000000000000 R12: 0000000000000000
R13: 0000000000000005 R14: 0000000000000003 R15: ffffc9000156e060
FS:  0000555556071380(0000) GS:ffff8880b9900000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
CR2: 0000000020000100 CR3: 0000000022f6b000 CR4: 00000000003506e0
DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000
DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000fffe0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400
Call Trace:
  <TASK>
  bpf_check+0x52f3/0xabd0 kernel/bpf/verifier.c:19762
  bpf_prog_load+0x153a/0x2270 kernel/bpf/syscall.c:2708
  __sys_bpf+0xbb6/0x4e90 kernel/bpf/syscall.c:5335
  __do_sys_bpf kernel/bpf/syscall.c:5439 [inline]
  __se_sys_bpf kernel/bpf/syscall.c:5437 [inline]
  __x64_sys_bpf+0x78/0xc0 kernel/bpf/syscall.c:5437
  do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:50 [inline]
  do_syscall_64+0x38/0xb0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:80
  entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x63/0xcd
RIP: 0033:0x7f7c0df78ea9
Code: 28 00 00 00 75 05 48 83 c4 28 c3 e8 d1 19 00 00 90 48 89 f8 48 89 f7 48 89 d6 48 89 ca 4d 89 c2 4d 89 c8 4c 8b 4c 24 08 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 c7 c1 b8 ff ff ff f7 d8 64 89 01 48
RSP: 002b:00007ffde3592128 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000141
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 0000000000000003 RCX: 00007f7c0df78ea9
RDX: 0000000000000090 RSI: 0000000020000940 RDI: 0000000000000005
RBP: 0000000000000000 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000100000000
R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000000000
R13: 0000000000000000 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: 0000000000000000
  </TASK>
Modules linked in:
---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---
RIP: 0010:bpf_prog_offload_verifier_prep+0xaa/0x170 kernel/bpf/offload.c:295
Code: 00 fc ff df 48 89 fa 48 c1 ea 03 80 3c 02 00 0f 85 a1 00 00 00 48 b8 00 00 00 00 00 fc ff df 4c 8b 65 10 4c 89 e2 48 c1 ea 03 <80> 3c 02 00 0f 85 93 00 00 00 48 b8 00 00 00 00 00 fc ff df 4d 8b
RSP: 0018:ffffc900039ff7f8 EFLAGS: 00010246
RAX: dffffc0000000000 RBX: ffffc9000156e000 RCX: 0000000000000000
RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: ffffffff81a8cf76 RDI: ffff888021b25f10
RBP: ffff888021b25f00 R08: 0000000000000001 R09: fffffbfff195203d
R10: ffffffff8ca901ef R11: 0000000000000000 R12: 0000000000000000
R13: 0000000000000005 R14: 0000000000000003 R15: ffffc9000156e060
FS:  0000555556071380(0000) GS:ffff8880b9900000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
CR2: 0000000020000100 CR3: 0000000022f6b000 CR4: 00000000003506e0
DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000
DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000fffe0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400
----------------
Code disassembly (best guess), 3 bytes skipped:
    0:	df 48 89             	fisttps -0x77(%rax)
    3:	fa                   	cli
    4:	48 c1 ea 03          	shr    $0x3,%rdx
    8:	80 3c 02 00          	cmpb   $0x0,(%rdx,%rax,1)
    c:	0f 85 a1 00 00 00    	jne    0xb3
   12:	48 b8 00 00 00 00 00 	movabs $0xdffffc0000000000,%rax
   19:	fc ff df
   1c:	4c 8b 65 10          	mov    0x10(%rbp),%r12
   20:	4c 89 e2             	mov    %r12,%rdx
   23:	48 c1 ea 03          	shr    $0x3,%rdx
* 27:	80 3c 02 00          	cmpb   $0x0,(%rdx,%rax,1) <-- trapping instruction
   2b:	0f 85 93 00 00 00    	jne    0xc4
   31:	48 b8 00 00 00 00 00 	movabs $0xdffffc0000000000,%rax
   38:	fc ff df
   3b:	4d                   	rex.WRB
   3c:	8b                   	.byte 0x8b


---
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I have an explanation of why this error occurs, but I need an advice
on how to fix it.

I think the fix should look as follows:

diff --git a/kernel/bpf/offload.c b/kernel/bpf/offload.c
index 3e4f2ec1af06..302e38bffffa 100644
--- a/kernel/bpf/offload.c
+++ b/kernel/bpf/offload.c
@@ -199,12 +199,11 @@ static int __bpf_prog_dev_bound_init(struct bpf_prog *prog, struct net_device *n
         offload->netdev = netdev;
ondev = bpf_offload_find_netdev(offload->netdev);
+       if (bpf_prog_is_offloaded(prog->aux) && (!ondev || !ondev->offdev)) {
+               err = -EINVAL;
+               goto err_free;
+       }
         if (!ondev) {
-               if (bpf_prog_is_offloaded(prog->aux)) {
-                       err = -EINVAL;
-                       goto err_free;
-               }
-
                 /* When only binding to the device, explicitly
                  * create an entry in the hashtable.
                  */

With the following reasoning: for offloaded programs offload device
should exist and it should not be a fake device create in !ondev branch.

Stanislav, could you please take a look? I think this is related to commit:
2b3486bc2d23 ("bpf: Introduce device-bound XDP programs")
Then NULL pointer deference occurs in the following function from offload.c:

     int bpf_prog_offload_verifier_prep(struct bpf_prog *prog)
     {
         struct bpf_prog_offload *offload;
         int ret = -ENODEV;
down_read(&bpf_devs_lock);
         offload = prog->aux->offload;
         if (offload) {
             ret = offload->offdev->ops->prepare(prog);
                            ^^^^^^
                            this pointer is NULL
             offload->dev_state = !ret;
         }
         up_read(&bpf_devs_lock);
return ret;
     }

# Short explanation

(a) call chain bpf_prog_load -> bpf_prog_dev_bound_init -> __bpf_prog_dev_bound_init
                -> __bpf_offload_dev_netdev_register
     might insert an instance of struct bpf_offload_netdev with {.offdev == NULL}
     into hash table offload.c:offdevs;
(b) call chain bpf_prog_load -> bpf_check -> bpf_prog_offload_verifier_prep
     assumes that from (prog->aux->offload != NULL)
               follows (prog->aux->offload->offdev != NULL)
     which is not the case because of (a).

# Long explanation

The reproducer generated by testbot has the following structure:
- in a loop call function execute_one(), which does the following
   system calls in sequence:
   - socket(AF_INET6, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_IGMP) = <some fd>
   - ioctl(3, SIOCGIFINDEX, {ifr_name="batadv_slave_1"}) = 0
   - bpf(BPF_PROG_LOAD,
         {prog_type=BPF_PROG_TYPE_XDP, ... prog_flags=0x40, prog_ifindex=29, ...}) = -1 EINVAL
     (referred to as program #1 below)
   - socket(AF_INET6, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_IGMP) = <some fd>
   - ioctl(4, SIOCGIFINDEX, {ifr_name="batadv_slave_1"}) = 0
   - bpf(BPF_PROG_LOAD,
         {prog_type=BPF_PROG_TYPE_XDP, ... prog_flags=0, ... prog_ifindex=29}) = -1 EINVAL
     (referred to as program #2 below)

The error occurs when second bpf call is processed.
Interestingly, if sleep(1) is inserted somewhere between first and
second bpf calls error does not occur:

     @@ -1246,6 +1246,7 @@ void execute_one(void)
        *(uint32_t*)0x200009cc = 4;
        syscall(__NR_bpf, /*cmd=*/5ul, /*arg=*/0x20000940ul, /*size=*/0x90ul);
        res = syscall(__NR_socket, /*domain=*/0xaul, /*type=*/3ul, /*proto=*/2);
     +  // sleep(1); /* uncomment to hide the error */
        if (res != -1)
          r[2] = res;
        memcpy((void*)0x20000100, "batadv_slave_1\000\000", 16);

## Control flow when error occurs

For program #1:
- bpf_prog_load():
   - bpf_prog_is_dev_bound(prog->aux) is true
     - bpf_prog_dev_bound_init
       - prog->aux->offload_requested is 0 (because of 0x40 prog_flags)
       - __bpf_prog_dev_bound_init
         - netdev is "batadv_slave_1"
         - bpf_offload_find_netdev(offload->netdev) == NULL,
           (this is a lookup in hash table offload.c:offdevs)
           which triggers a call to __bpf_offload_dev_netdev_register
           - __bpf_offload_dev_netdev_register(NULL, offload->netdev)
             registers struct bpf_offload_netdev with {.offdev = NULL}
             for netdev "batadv_slave_1" in offload.c:offdevs hash table.

For program #2:
- bpf_prog_load():
   - bpf_prog_is_dev_bound(prog->aux) is true
     - bpf_prog_dev_bound_init
       - prog->aux->offload_requested is 1 (because of 0x0 prog_flags)
       - __bpf_prog_dev_bound_init
         - netdev is "batadv_slave_1"
         - bpf_offload_find_netdev(offload->netdev) != NULL,
           this is struct bpf_offload_netdev with {.offdev = NULL}
           created for program #1
         - prog->aux->offload = struct bpf_prog_offload {.offload -> {.offdev = NULL}},
           The bpf_prog_offload remembered for prog points to bpf_offload_netdev
           with .offdev == NULL.
   - ...
   - bpf_check
     - bpf_prog_offload_verifier_prep
       - prog->aux->offload != NULL, but prog->aux->offload->offdev == NULL
         => null pointer deference.

## Control flow when error does not occur

For program #1:
- ... all as in the previous case ...

Some worker thread:
- kernel/bpf/core.c:bpf_prog_free_deferred, registered for program #1:
   - bpf_prog_is_dev_bound(aux) is true
   - bpf_prog_dev_bound_destroy
     - netdev is "batadv_slave_1"
     - (!ondev->offdev && list_empty(&ondev->progs)) is true
       - __bpf_offload_dev_netdev_unregister
         this removes struct bpf_offload_netdev with {.offdev = NULL}
         from offload.c:offdevs hash table.

For program #2:
- bpf_prog_load():
   - bpf_prog_is_dev_bound(prog->aux) is true
     - bpf_prog_dev_bound_init
       - prog->aux->offload_requested is 1 (because of 0x0 prog_flags)
       - __bpf_prog_dev_bound_init
         - netdev is "batadv_slave_1"
         - bpf_offload_find_netdev(offload->netdev) == NULL
         - bpf_prog_is_offloaded(prog->aux) is true
         - -EINVAL is returned.




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