On Mon, 31 Jul 2023 14:00:25 +0800 Wei Fang wrote: > } else { > - xdp_return_frame(xdpf); > + xdp_return_frame_rx_napi(xdpf); If you implement Jesper's syncing suggestions, I think you can use page_pool_put_page(pool, page, 0, true); for XDP_TX here to avoid the DMA sync on page recycle.