This patch series improves error reporting for BPF_LINK_CREATE when attaching freplace programs. Inspired by the discussion in "[PATCH bpf-next v2] bpf: Add bpf_check_attach_target_with_klog method to output failure logs to kernel"[0], this series enhances that freplace attachment failure returns meaningful logs to userspace, aiding debugging. Patch breakdown: 1. bpf, verifier: Add missing newline of bpf_log in bpf_check_attach_target * Add the missing newline in bpf_log(log, "Target program bound device mismatch"). 2. bpf: Improve error reporting for freplace attachment failure * Extends BPF_LINK_CREATE to report detailed log. 3. bpf, libbpf: Capture error message of freplace attachment failure * Modifies libbpf to capture freplace attachment failure log. 4. selftests/bpf: Add test case for freplace attachment failure log * Introduces a selftest to validate error reporting. Links: [0] https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/CAEf4BzbbyojuFSS7xQ3+jZb=dHzOaZfMbtT+WnypW2LPwOUwRw@xxxxxxxxxxxxxx/ Changes: v3 -> v4: * Add libbpf API bpf_program__attach_freplace_opts() to use users' supplied log buffer. v2: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20240725051511.57112-1-me@xxxxxxxxxxxx/ v2 -> v3: * Address comment from Andrii: * Report back the reason for declining freplace attachment instead of logging in dmesg. Leon Hwang (4): bpf, verifier: Add missing newline of bpf_log in bpf_check_attach_target bpf: Improve error reporting for freplace attachment failure bpf, libbpf: Capture error message of freplace attachment failure selftests/bpf: Add test case for freplace attachment failure log include/uapi/linux/bpf.h | 2 + kernel/bpf/syscall.c | 51 ++++++++++++++++--- kernel/bpf/verifier.c | 2 +- tools/include/uapi/linux/bpf.h | 2 + tools/lib/bpf/bpf.c | 6 ++- tools/lib/bpf/bpf.h | 2 + tools/lib/bpf/libbpf.c | 29 +++++++++-- tools/lib/bpf/libbpf.h | 14 +++++ tools/lib/bpf/libbpf.map | 1 + .../bpf/prog_tests/tracing_link_attach_log.c | 48 +++++++++++++++++ 10 files changed, 143 insertions(+), 14 deletions(-) create mode 100644 tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/tracing_link_attach_log.c -- 2.47.1