Re: [PATCH bpf-next v2 4/5] bpf/verifier: relax MUL range computation check

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On 4/19/24 2:47 AM, Cupertino Miranda wrote:
Eduard Zingerman writes:

On Wed, 2024-04-17 at 13:23 +0100, Cupertino Miranda wrote:

[...]

  static int is_safe_to_compute_dst_reg_range(struct bpf_insn *insn,
+					    struct bpf_reg_state dst_reg,
  					    struct bpf_reg_state src_reg)
Nit: there is no need to pass {dst,src}_reg by value,
      struct bpf_reg_state is 120 bytes in size
     (but maybe compiler handles this).

  {
-	bool src_known;
+	bool src_known, dst_known;
  	u64 insn_bitness = (BPF_CLASS(insn->code) == BPF_ALU64) ? 64 : 32;
  	bool alu32 = (BPF_CLASS(insn->code) != BPF_ALU64);
  	u8 opcode = BPF_OP(insn->code);

-	bool valid_known = true;
-	src_known = is_const_reg_and_valid(src_reg, alu32, &valid_known);
+	bool valid_known_src = true;
+	bool valid_known_dst = true;
+	src_known = is_const_reg_and_valid(src_reg, alu32, &valid_known_src);
+	dst_known = is_const_reg_and_valid(dst_reg, alu32, &valid_known_dst);

  	/* Taint dst register if offset had invalid bounds
  	 * derived from e.g. dead branches.
  	 */
-	if (valid_known == false)
+	if (valid_known_src == false)
  		return UNCOMPUTABLE_RANGE;

  	switch (opcode) {
@@ -13457,10 +13460,12 @@ static int is_safe_to_compute_dst_reg_range(struct bpf_insn *insn,
  	case BPF_OR:
  		return COMPUTABLE_RANGE;

-	/* Compute range for the following only if the src_reg is known.
+	/* Compute range for MUL if at least one of its registers is known.
  	 */
  	case BPF_MUL:
-		return src_known ? COMPUTABLE_RANGE : UNCOMPUTABLE_RANGE;
+		if (src_known || (dst_known && valid_known_dst))
+			return COMPUTABLE_RANGE;
+		break;
Is it even necessary to restrict src or dst to be known?
adjust_scalar_min_max_vals() logic for multiplication looks as follows:

	case BPF_MUL:
		dst_reg->var_off = tnum_mul(dst_reg->var_off, src_reg.var_off);
		scalar32_min_max_mul(dst_reg, &src_reg);
		scalar_min_max_mul(dst_reg, &src_reg);
		break;

Where tnum_mul() refers to a paper, and that paper does not restrict
abstract multiplication algorithm to constant values on either side.
The scalar_min_max_mul() and scalar32_min_max_mul() are similar:
- if both src and dst are positive
- if overflow is not possible
- adjust dst->min *= src->min
- adjust dst->max *= src->max

I think this should work just fine if neither of src or dst is a known constant.
What do you think?

With the refactor this looked like an armless change. Indeed if we agree
that the algorithm covers all scenarios, then why not.
I did not study the paper or the scalar_min_max_mul function nearly
enough to know for sure.

I double checked and I think Eduard is correct. src_known checking
is not necessary for multiplication. It would be great if you can
add this change as well in the patch set.

[...]




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