All, After the pambased defaults change, I thought I had gotten everything fixed, today scanning to server via vsftpd issued: Feb 19 12:19:49 phoinix vsftpd[8652]: pam_warn(ftp:auth): function=[pam_sm_authenticate] flags=0 service=[ftp] terminal=[ftp] user=[sharp] ruser=[sharp] rhost=[192.168.7.20] My question is what do I put in /etc/pam.d/vsftpd? Looking at some of the other entries, it seems I can do something with pam_unix.so like screen: $ cat screen auth required pam_unix.so or $ cat dovecot auth required pam_unix.so nullok account required pam_unix.so Since my user (the copier) has a normal Unix account and password, is there any benefit to using the dovecot style with both "auth required" and "account required" or is the "auth required" sufficient like screen uses? -- David C. Rankin, J.D.,P.E.