solprovider, André, Eric, Thanks for you guys. I really learn something your messages... Paul On Sat, Aug 2, 2008 at 10:42 PM, <solprovider@xxxxxxxxxx> wrote: > André answered well with words. My only addition is an example > assuming a well-behaved browser and no interference from cache. > > http://example.ORG/ contains: > <img src="/internal.gif"/> > <img src="http://example.COM/external.gif"/> > <a href="/internal.html"/>Internal Page</a> > <a href="http://example.COM/external.html";> > <a href="http://example.COM/external.gif"/> > > Opening this page will create two log entries for example.ORG: > - The referer for the page entry depends on how the page was opened. > See previous post. > - The referer for internal.gif will be "http://example.ORG/";. The > administrator of example.ORG would consider this to be an internal > referer. > > Opening this page also creates a log entry for example.COM: > - The referer for external.gif will be "http://example.ORG/";. The > administrator of example.COM would see an external referer and be > upset that another website was "borrowing" the graphic (and bandwidth > and processing.) > > Clicking any of the links will create a log entry on the specified server: > - Clicking the link for internal.html creates a log entry on > example.ORG with the referer of "http://example.ORG/";. The > administrator of example.ORG would see an internal referer. > - Clicking the link for external.html creates a log entry on > example.COM with the referer of "http://example.ORG/";. The > administrator of example.COM would see an external referer and > (usually) be happy that another website was linking to the page. > - Clicking the link for external.gif opens the image in the browser > and creates a log entry on example.COM with the referer of > "http://example.ORG/";. The administrator of example.COM would see an > external referer and probably assume the image was used on a page > until investigating -- opening http://example.ORG/ and discovering the > link. > > Each server sees only requests for files (page, images, etc.) on that > server. The referer is an indicator of why the file was requested. > The logs do not differentiate between embedded elements and anchor > links -- opening the referer page is the only method to discover why > the file was accessed (if the referer page has not changed since the > request was made.) > > solprovider > > On 8/2/08, Paul Li <paulur@xxxxxxxxx> wrote: >> solprovider, >> I'm really appreciated your message and it helps me A LOT!!! Just want >> to clarify the two cases when the referer is url : >> >> 1. "The referer is the URL of the page containing the link if someone >> clicks a link from a website on the Internet" >> >> a. the referer URL is the "website on the Internet" from which a user >> clicks the link, and >> b. the " website on the Internet" is aother website but not my website. >> >> 2. "The referer is the URL of the page containing an image or other >> immediately downloaded file". >> this url is of a web page on my my site. >> >> Is my understanding correct? >> Thanks again! >> Paul >> >> On Sat, Aug 2, 2008 at 12:46 PM, <solprovider@xxxxxxxxxx> wrote: >> > On 8/2/08, Paul Li <paulur@xxxxxxxxx> wrote: >> >> Some referer pages are "-", some are other pages in the same website, >> >> and still some are pages of other website. If I want to find the >> >> users' request history (visiting history), could I just ignore the >> >> referer page but only check the request page? >> >> >> >> Btw, why the referer pages are different, like what I asked above, >> >> some are "-", some are other pages in either the same or different >> >> websites? >> >> >> >> Thanks, >> >> Paul >> > >> > The referer is not the last page viewed when someone types an address >> > into a browser's address bar. This would create a security issue >> > (typed URLs should not surrender viewing history) and a functionality >> > issue (the page in the referer should contain a link to the current >> > request.) Analyzing the referer should tell you: >> > - what images are contained in what pages (and if other websites are >> > using your images.) >> > - what pages link to each page. >> > >> > Note that cache makes Web server logs inaccurate. Returning to a >> > previously viewed page may load the page from local cache without >> > contacting the Web server. A gateway server can also cache pages and >> > intercept requests -- companies and ISPs may cache static pages to >> > reduce bandwidth. >> > >> > Assuming a page is being loaded from the Web server: >> > >> > The referer is "-" if someone types an address into a browser's address bar. >> > The referer is "-" if someone uses a Favorite or Bookmark. >> > The referer is "-" if someone clicks a link from within a local HTML >> > file on their computer. >> > The referer is the URL of the page containing the link if someone >> > clicks a link from a website on the Internet, >> > The referer is the URL of the page containing an image or other >> > immediately downloaded file. >> > >> > The referer comes from the HTTP Headers of the request. Anybody using >> > a tool allowing control of the headers (e.g. telnet, putty, >> > HyperTerminal) can set the referer. >> > solprovider > --------------------------------------------------------------------- The official User-To-User support forum of the Apache HTTP Server Project. See <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/userslist.html> for more info. To unsubscribe, e-mail: users-unsubscribe@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx " from the digest: users-digest-unsubscribe@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx For additional commands, e-mail: users-help@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
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