I have a Yamaha Montage synthesiser sitting on my desk, which supports MIDI
and multi-channel audio over USB. I'd like to get it talking to Linux ALSA.
To my surprise, it offers two USB configurations, the normal Yamaha
vendor-specific one (presumably very similar to the MOX defined in
quirks-table.h:362) but also a class-compliant one.
The class-complaint configuration nearly works out of the box. Audio and
MIDI in (to the computer) work fine, but MIDI out (i.e. to the synth) is
broken, at least in kernel 4.9-rc1 and 4.8. Here's the lsusb output:
# lsusb -v -s 001:002
Bus 001 Device 002: ID 0499:1707 Yamaha Corp.
Device Descriptor:
bLength 18
bDescriptorType 1
bcdUSB 2.00
bDeviceClass 239 Miscellaneous Device
bDeviceSubClass 2 ?
bDeviceProtocol 1 Interface Association
bMaxPacketSize0 64
idVendor 0x0499 Yamaha Corp.
idProduct 0x1707
bcdDevice 1.02
iManufacturer 1 Yamaha Corporation
iProduct 2 MONTAGE
iSerial 0
bNumConfigurations 2
Configuration Descriptor:
bLength 9
bDescriptorType 2
wTotalLength 349
bNumInterfaces 4
bConfigurationValue 1
iConfiguration 0
bmAttributes 0xc0
Self Powered
MaxPower 0mA
Interface Association:
bLength 8
bDescriptorType 11
bFirstInterface 0
bInterfaceCount 4
bFunctionClass 1 Audio
bFunctionSubClass 0
bFunctionProtocol 32
iFunction 0
Interface Descriptor:
bLength 9
bDescriptorType 4
bInterfaceNumber 0
bAlternateSetting 0
bNumEndpoints 0
bInterfaceClass 1 Audio
bInterfaceSubClass 1 Control Device
bInterfaceProtocol 32
iInterface 0
AudioControl Interface Descriptor:
bLength 9
bDescriptorType 36
bDescriptorSubtype 1 (HEADER)
bcdADC 2.00
bCategory 8
wTotalLength 75
bmControl 0x00
AudioControl Interface Descriptor:
bLength 8
bDescriptorType 36
bDescriptorSubtype 10 (CLOCK_SOURCE)
bClockID 1
bmAttributes 0x03 Internal programmable Clock
bmControls 0x03
Clock Frequency Control (read/write)
bAssocTerminal 0
iClockSource 0
AudioControl Interface Descriptor:
bLength 17
bDescriptorType 36
bDescriptorSubtype 2 (INPUT_TERMINAL)
bTerminalID 2
wTerminalType 0x0101 USB Streaming
bAssocTerminal 0
bCSourceID 1
bNrChannels 6
bmChannelConfig 0x00000000
bmControls 0x0000
iChannelNames 16 Main L
iTerminal 0
AudioControl Interface Descriptor:
bLength 12
bDescriptorType 36
bDescriptorSubtype 3 (OUTPUT_TERMINAL)
bTerminalID 3
wTerminalType 0x0603 Line Connector
bAssocTerminal 0
bSourceID 2
bCSourceID 1
bmControls 0x0000
iTerminal 0
AudioControl Interface Descriptor:
bLength 17
bDescriptorType 36
bDescriptorSubtype 2 (INPUT_TERMINAL)
bTerminalID 4
wTerminalType 0x0603 Line Connector
bAssocTerminal 0
bCSourceID 1
bNrChannels 32
bmChannelConfig 0x00000000
bmControls 0x0000
iChannelNames 48 USB Main L
iTerminal 0
AudioControl Interface Descriptor:
bLength 12
bDescriptorType 36
bDescriptorSubtype 3 (OUTPUT_TERMINAL)
bTerminalID 5
wTerminalType 0x0101 USB Streaming
bAssocTerminal 0
bSourceID 4
bCSourceID 1
bmControls 0x0000
iTerminal 0
Interface Descriptor:
bLength 9
bDescriptorType 4
bInterfaceNumber 1
bAlternateSetting 0
bNumEndpoints 0
bInterfaceClass 1 Audio
bInterfaceSubClass 2 Streaming
bInterfaceProtocol 32
iInterface 0
Interface Descriptor:
bLength 9
bDescriptorType 4
bInterfaceNumber 1
bAlternateSetting 1
bNumEndpoints 1
bInterfaceClass 1 Audio
bInterfaceSubClass 2 Streaming
bInterfaceProtocol 32
iInterface 0
AudioStreaming Interface Descriptor:
bLength 16
bDescriptorType 36
bDescriptorSubtype 1 (AS_GENERAL)
bTerminalLink 2
bmControls 0x00
bFormatType 1
bmFormats 0x00000001
PCM
bNrChannels 6
bmChannelConfig 0x00000000
iChannelNames 16 Main L
AudioStreaming Interface Descriptor:
bLength 6
bDescriptorType 36
bDescriptorSubtype 2 (FORMAT_TYPE)
bFormatType 1 (FORMAT_TYPE_I)
bSubslotSize 3
bBitResolution 24
Endpoint Descriptor:
bLength 7
bDescriptorType 5
bEndpointAddress 0x07 EP 7 OUT
bmAttributes 5
Transfer Type Isochronous
Synch Type Asynchronous
Usage Type Data
wMaxPacketSize 0x0075 1x 117 bytes
bInterval 1
AudioControl Endpoint Descriptor:
bLength 8
bDescriptorType 37
bDescriptorSubtype 1 (EP_GENERAL)
bmAttributes 0x00
bmControls 0x00
bLockDelayUnits 0 Undefined
wLockDelay 0
Interface Descriptor:
bLength 9
bDescriptorType 4
bInterfaceNumber 2
bAlternateSetting 0
bNumEndpoints 0
bInterfaceClass 1 Audio
bInterfaceSubClass 2 Streaming
bInterfaceProtocol 32
iInterface 0
Interface Descriptor:
bLength 9
bDescriptorType 4
bInterfaceNumber 2
bAlternateSetting 1
bNumEndpoints 1
bInterfaceClass 1 Audio
bInterfaceSubClass 2 Streaming
bInterfaceProtocol 32
iInterface 0
AudioStreaming Interface Descriptor:
bLength 16
bDescriptorType 36
bDescriptorSubtype 1 (AS_GENERAL)
bTerminalLink 5
bmControls 0x00
bFormatType 1
bmFormats 0x00000001
PCM
bNrChannels 32
bmChannelConfig 0x00000000
iChannelNames 48 USB Main L
AudioStreaming Interface Descriptor:
bLength 6
bDescriptorType 36
bDescriptorSubtype 2 (FORMAT_TYPE)
bFormatType 1 (FORMAT_TYPE_I)
bSubslotSize 3
bBitResolution 24
Endpoint Descriptor:
bLength 7
bDescriptorType 5
bEndpointAddress 0x86 EP 6 IN
bmAttributes 37
Transfer Type Isochronous
Synch Type Asynchronous
Usage Type Implicit feedback Data
wMaxPacketSize 0x0271 1x 625 bytes
bInterval 1
AudioControl Endpoint Descriptor:
bLength 8
bDescriptorType 37
bDescriptorSubtype 1 (EP_GENERAL)
bmAttributes 0x00
bmControls 0x00
bLockDelayUnits 0 Undefined
wLockDelay 0
Interface Descriptor:
bLength 9
bDescriptorType 4
bInterfaceNumber 3
bAlternateSetting 0
bNumEndpoints 2
bInterfaceClass 1 Audio
bInterfaceSubClass 3 MIDI Streaming
bInterfaceProtocol 0
iInterface 0
MIDIStreaming Interface Descriptor:
bLength 7
bDescriptorType 36
bDescriptorSubtype 1 (HEADER)
bcdADC 1.00
wTotalLength 129
MIDIStreaming Interface Descriptor:
bLength 6
bDescriptorType 36
bDescriptorSubtype 2 (MIDI_IN_JACK)
bJackType 2 External
bJackID 1
iJack 0
MIDIStreaming Interface Descriptor:
bLength 6
bDescriptorType 36
bDescriptorSubtype 2 (MIDI_IN_JACK)
bJackType 2 External
bJackID 2
iJack 0
MIDIStreaming Interface Descriptor:
bLength 6
bDescriptorType 36
bDescriptorSubtype 2 (MIDI_IN_JACK)
bJackType 2 External
bJackID 3
iJack 0
MIDIStreaming Interface Descriptor:
bLength 6
bDescriptorType 36
bDescriptorSubtype 2 (MIDI_IN_JACK)
bJackType 1 Embedded
bJackID 33
iJack 0
MIDIStreaming Interface Descriptor:
bLength 6
bDescriptorType 36
bDescriptorSubtype 2 (MIDI_IN_JACK)
bJackType 1 Embedded
bJackID 34
iJack 0
MIDIStreaming Interface Descriptor:
bLength 6
bDescriptorType 36
bDescriptorSubtype 2 (MIDI_IN_JACK)
bJackType 1 Embedded
bJackID 35
iJack 0
MIDIStreaming Interface Descriptor:
bLength 9
bDescriptorType 36
bDescriptorSubtype 3 (MIDI_OUT_JACK)
bJackType 2 External
bJackID 65
bNrInputPins 1
baSourceID( 0) 33
BaSourcePin( 0) 1
iJack 0
MIDIStreaming Interface Descriptor:
bLength 9
bDescriptorType 36
bDescriptorSubtype 3 (MIDI_OUT_JACK)
bJackType 2 External
bJackID 66
bNrInputPins 1
baSourceID( 0) 34
BaSourcePin( 0) 1
iJack 0
MIDIStreaming Interface Descriptor:
bLength 9
bDescriptorType 36
bDescriptorSubtype 3 (MIDI_OUT_JACK)
bJackType 2 External
bJackID 67
bNrInputPins 1
baSourceID( 0) 35
BaSourcePin( 0) 1
iJack 0
MIDIStreaming Interface Descriptor:
bLength 9
bDescriptorType 36
bDescriptorSubtype 3 (MIDI_OUT_JACK)
bJackType 1 Embedded
bJackID 97
bNrInputPins 1
baSourceID( 0) 1
BaSourcePin( 0) 1
iJack 0
MIDIStreaming Interface Descriptor:
bLength 9
bDescriptorType 36
bDescriptorSubtype 3 (MIDI_OUT_JACK)
bJackType 1 Embedded
bJackID 98
bNrInputPins 1
baSourceID( 0) 2
BaSourcePin( 0) 1
iJack 0
MIDIStreaming Interface Descriptor:
bLength 9
bDescriptorType 36
bDescriptorSubtype 3 (MIDI_OUT_JACK)
bJackType 1 Embedded
bJackID 99
bNrInputPins 1
baSourceID( 0) 3
BaSourcePin( 0) 1
iJack 0
Endpoint Descriptor:
bLength 9
bDescriptorType 5
bEndpointAddress 0x01 EP 1 OUT
bmAttributes 2
Transfer Type Bulk
Synch Type None
Usage Type Data
wMaxPacketSize 0x0200 1x 512 bytes
bInterval 0
bRefresh 0
bSynchAddress 0
MIDIStreaming Endpoint Descriptor:
bLength 7
bDescriptorType 37
bDescriptorSubtype 1 (GENERAL)
bNumEmbMIDIJack 3
baAssocJackID( 0) 33
baAssocJackID( 1) 34
baAssocJackID( 2) 35
Endpoint Descriptor:
bLength 9
bDescriptorType 5
bEndpointAddress 0x82 EP 2 IN
bmAttributes 2
Transfer Type Bulk
Synch Type None
Usage Type Data
wMaxPacketSize 0x0200 1x 512 bytes
bInterval 0
bRefresh 0
bSynchAddress 0
MIDIStreaming Endpoint Descriptor:
bLength 7
bDescriptorType 37
bDescriptorSubtype 1 (GENERAL)
bNumEmbMIDIJack 3
baAssocJackID( 0) 97
baAssocJackID( 1) 98
baAssocJackID( 2) 99
Configuration Descriptor:
bLength 9
bDescriptorType 2
wTotalLength 290
bNumInterfaces 5
bConfigurationValue 2
iConfiguration 0
bmAttributes 0xc0
Self Powered
MaxPower 0mA
Interface Descriptor:
bLength 9
bDescriptorType 4
bInterfaceNumber 0
bAlternateSetting 0
bNumEndpoints 0
bInterfaceClass 255 Vendor Specific Class
bInterfaceSubClass 1
bInterfaceProtocol 0
iInterface 0
** UNRECOGNIZED: 0a 24 01 00 01 34 00 02 01 02
** UNRECOGNIZED: 0c 24 02 01 01 01 00 02 03 00 00 00
** UNRECOGNIZED: 09 24 03 02 01 03 00 01 00
** UNRECOGNIZED: 0c 24 02 03 03 06 00 02 03 00 00 00
** UNRECOGNIZED: 09 24 03 04 01 01 00 03 00
Interface Descriptor:
bLength 9
bDescriptorType 4
bInterfaceNumber 1
bAlternateSetting 0
bNumEndpoints 0
bInterfaceClass 255 Vendor Specific Class
bInterfaceSubClass 2
bInterfaceProtocol 0
iInterface 0
Interface Descriptor:
bLength 9
bDescriptorType 4
bInterfaceNumber 1
bAlternateSetting 1
bNumEndpoints 1
bInterfaceClass 255 Vendor Specific Class
bInterfaceSubClass 2
bInterfaceProtocol 0
iInterface 0
** UNRECOGNIZED: 07 24 01 01 01 01 00
** UNRECOGNIZED: 0b 24 02 01 06 03 18 01 44 ac 00
Endpoint Descriptor:
bLength 7
bDescriptorType 5
bEndpointAddress 0x07 EP 7 OUT
bmAttributes 5
Transfer Type Isochronous
Synch Type Asynchronous
Usage Type Data
wMaxPacketSize 0x0075 1x 117 bytes
bInterval 1
Interface Descriptor:
bLength 9
bDescriptorType 4
bInterfaceNumber 2
bAlternateSetting 0
bNumEndpoints 0
bInterfaceClass 255 Vendor Specific Class
bInterfaceSubClass 2
bInterfaceProtocol 0
iInterface 0
Interface Descriptor:
bLength 9
bDescriptorType 4
bInterfaceNumber 2
bAlternateSetting 1
bNumEndpoints 1
bInterfaceClass 255 Vendor Specific Class
bInterfaceSubClass 2
bInterfaceProtocol 0
iInterface 0
** UNRECOGNIZED: 07 24 01 04 01 01 00
** UNRECOGNIZED: 0b 24 02 01 20 03 18 01 44 ac 00
Endpoint Descriptor:
bLength 7
bDescriptorType 5
bEndpointAddress 0x86 EP 6 IN
bmAttributes 5
Transfer Type Isochronous
Synch Type Asynchronous
Usage Type Data
wMaxPacketSize 0x0271 1x 625 bytes
bInterval 1
Interface Descriptor:
bLength 9
bDescriptorType 4
bInterfaceNumber 3
bAlternateSetting 0
bNumEndpoints 2
bInterfaceClass 255 Vendor Specific Class
bInterfaceSubClass 3
bInterfaceProtocol 255
iInterface 0
** UNRECOGNIZED: 07 24 01 00 01 42 00
** UNRECOGNIZED: 06 24 02 02 01 00
** UNRECOGNIZED: 06 24 02 02 02 00
** UNRECOGNIZED: 06 24 02 02 03 00
** UNRECOGNIZED: 09 24 03 02 01 01 01 01 00
** UNRECOGNIZED: 09 24 03 02 02 01 01 01 00
** UNRECOGNIZED: 09 24 03 02 03 01 01 01 00
Endpoint Descriptor:
bLength 7
bDescriptorType 5
bEndpointAddress 0x01 EP 1 OUT
bmAttributes 2
Transfer Type Bulk
Synch Type None
Usage Type Data
wMaxPacketSize 0x0200 1x 512 bytes
bInterval 0
Endpoint Descriptor:
bLength 7
bDescriptorType 5
bEndpointAddress 0x82 EP 2 IN
bmAttributes 2
Transfer Type Bulk
Synch Type None
Usage Type Data
wMaxPacketSize 0x0200 1x 512 bytes
bInterval 0
Interface Descriptor:
bLength 9
bDescriptorType 4
bInterfaceNumber 4
bAlternateSetting 0
bNumEndpoints 2
bInterfaceClass 255 Vendor Specific Class
bInterfaceSubClass 255 Vendor Specific Subclass
bInterfaceProtocol 255 Vendor Specific Protocol
iInterface 0
** UNRECOGNIZED: 07 24 01 00 01 24 00
** UNRECOGNIZED: 06 24 02 02 01 00
** UNRECOGNIZED: 09 24 03 02 01 01 01 01 00
Endpoint Descriptor:
bLength 7
bDescriptorType 5
bEndpointAddress 0x03 EP 3 OUT
bmAttributes 2
Transfer Type Bulk
Synch Type None
Usage Type Data
wMaxPacketSize 0x0200 1x 512 bytes
bInterval 0
Endpoint Descriptor:
bLength 7
bDescriptorType 5
bEndpointAddress 0x84 EP 4 IN
bmAttributes 2
Transfer Type Bulk
Synch Type None
Usage Type Data
wMaxPacketSize 0x0200 1x 512 bytes
bInterval 0
Device Qualifier (for other device speed):
bLength 10
bDescriptorType 6
bcdUSB 2.00
bDeviceClass 0 (Defined at Interface level)
bDeviceSubClass 0
bDeviceProtocol 0
bMaxPacketSize0 64
bNumConfigurations 2
Device Status: 0x0001
Self Powered
#
Doing an aplaymidi -p 20:0 test.mid hangs without receiving the test notes
at the synth end, and the kernel eventually reports:
sound midiC1D0: rawmidi drain error (avail = 3700, buffer_size = 4096)
Monitoring the USB traffic while this happens,
# cat /sys/kernel/debug/usb/usbmon/1u
ffff995b59da2780 93721891 S Bo:1:002:1 -115 16 = 0990404c 0991404c 0992404c 0993404c
ffff995b59da2780 93721978 C Bo:1:002:1 0 16 >
ffff995b59da2b40 93915884 S Bo:1:002:1 -115 12 = 09904000 09914000 09924000
ffff995b59da2b40 93915967 C Bo:1:002:1 0 12 >
ffff995b59e563c0 93917882 S Bo:1:002:1 -115 4 = 09934000
ffff995b59e56540 94057875 S Bo:1:002:1 -115 4 = 09903e4a
ffff995b59e56600 94059872 S Bo:1:002:1 -115 12 = 09913e4a 09923e4a 09933e4a
ffff995b59e56780 94238881 S Bo:1:002:1 -115 16 = 09903e00 09913e00 09923e00 09933e00
ffff995b59e56840 94418886 S Bo:1:002:1 -115 16 = 09903c46 09913c46 09923c46 09933c46
ffff995b59da2780 94632882 S Bo:1:002:1 -115 4 = 0dd00800
ffff995b59da2b40 94633887 S Bo:1:002:1 -115 12 = 0dd10800 0dd20800 0dd30800
[hangs]
so it looks like we stop getting callbacks for URBs after the first couple?
This class-compliant interface apparently works okay on macOS/iOS, although
macOS uses the vendor-specific interface when the proprietary drivers are
installed. But I don't know how to get a dump of the USB traffic on either
of those platforms for comparison.
Looking at where the callbacks stop, I (naively) wonder if macOS serialises
USB MIDI URBs or something like that, and I'm seeing a Yamaha bug with
multiple URBs in flight?
Is there anything more I can usefully do to further diagnose what's going on?
Would it be better to attempt to support the (presumably very similar to
existing MOX and more heavily tested) vendor-specific USB configuration? Is
it possible to write a quirk that prefers this configuration, assuming
similar structure to MOX and earlier Yamaha audio and MIDI devices?
Best wishes,
Chris.
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