I have found the answer, and another question still here. I have tried `gcc -E' (only preprocessed) on the #include version, and checked the output source to view the WSAGetLastError()'s declaration. Then I know this is a conflict between cdecl and stddecl. As google says (http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/autoconf/2006-01/msg00109.html), there is no standard macro to handle the stddecl checking. So before a set of stddecl-checking macros creates, to check the build envionment may be the easiest way to check the libraries' existance. And the question is that, is there any open sourced 3rd-party macros to handle this ? Levi G. Haskell is a beautiful language. 在 2013/12/28，下午12:15，Guo Leaveye <leaveye.guo@xxxxxxxxx> 写道： > Thanks a lot for your tip. > > Acoording to the log file, it just compiles a source code like this, I only keep the lines matters. > > char WSAGetLastError (); > int > main () > { > return WSAGetLastError (); > } > > When compiling this simple source, GCC reports a error that "undefined reference to `WSAGetLastError'", even though there is a linker option "-lws2_32". I tried to replace the declaration of WSAGetLastError() with includes of windows.h and winsock2.h, then it works. I have no idea on this behaviour, that why linking the same library leads different result. Is there any advice ? > > BTW, here is the error output by GCC with option "-v". > >> $ gcc -o out.exe -g -O2 testlib.c -lws2_32 -v >> specs >> COLLECT_GCC=D:\MinGW\bin\gcc.exe >> COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=d:/mingw/bin/../libexec/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/lto-wrapper.exe >> mingw32 >> ../gcc-4.6.2/configure --enable-languages=c,c++,ada,fortran,objc,obj-c++ --disable-sjlj-exceptions - >> -with-dwarf2 --enable-shared --enable-libgomp --disable-win32-registry --enable-libstdcxx-debug --en >> able-version-specific-runtime-libs --build=mingw32 --prefix=/mingw >> win32 >> gcc 4.6.2 (GCC) >> COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-o' 'out.exe' '-g' '-O2' '-v' '-mtune=i386' '-march=i386' >> d:/mingw/bin/../libexec/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/cc1.exe -quiet -v -iprefix d:\mingw\bin\../lib/gcc/mingw3 >> 2/4.6.2/ testlib.c -quiet -dumpbase testlib.c -mtune=i386 -march=i386 -auxbase testlib -g -O2 -versi >> on -o C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\cc6Urmwg.s >> GNU C (GCC) 4.6.2 (mingw32) >> GNU C 4.6.2 GMP 5.0.1MPFR 2.4.1MPC 0.8.1 >> GGC --param ggc-min-expand=100 --param ggc-min-heapsize=131072 >> d:\mingw\bin\../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/../../../../mingw32/include >> d:/mingw/lib/gcc/../../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/include >> /mingw/lib/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/../../../../include >> d:/mingw/lib/gcc/../../include >> d:/mingw/lib/gcc/../../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/include-fixed >> d:/mingw/lib/gcc/../../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/../../../../mingw32/include >> /mingw/include >> #include "..." >> #include <...> >> d:\mingw\bin\../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/include >> d:\mingw\bin\../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/../../../../include >> d:\mingw\bin\../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/include-fixed >> >> GNU C (GCC) 4.6.2 (mingw32) >> GNU C 4.6.2 GMP 5.0.1MPFR 2.4.1MPC 0.8.1 >> GGC --param ggc-min-expand=100 --param ggc-min-heapsize=131072 >> Compiler executable checksum: c20aed7c018482d7b62efcd5dcab2a9d >> COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-o' 'out.exe' '-g' '-O2' '-v' '-mtune=i386' '-march=i386' >> d:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/../../../../mingw32/bin/as.exe -o C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\L >> ocal\Temp\ccFvAZop.o C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\cc6Urmwg.s >> COMPILER_PATH=d:/mingw/bin/../libexec/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/;d:/mingw/bin/../libexec/gcc/;d:/mingw/bin/. >> ./lib/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/../../../../mingw32/bin/ >> LIBRARY_PATH=d:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/;d:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/;d:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc >> /mingw32/4.6.2/../../../../mingw32/lib/;d:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/../../../;/mingw/lib/ >> COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-o' 'out.exe' '-g' '-O2' '-v' '-mtune=i386' '-march=i386' >> d:/mingw/bin/../libexec/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/collect2.exe -Bdynamic -o out.exe d:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc >> /mingw32/4.6.2/../../../crt2.o d:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/crtbegin.o -Ld:/mingw/bin/../li >> b/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2 -Ld:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc -Ld:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/../../../../mi >> ngw32/lib -Ld:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/../../.. -L/mingw/lib C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Lo >> cal\Temp\ccFvAZop.o -lws2_32 -lmingw32 -lgcc_eh -lgcc -lmoldname -lmingwex -lmsvcrt -ladvapi32 -lshe >> ll32 -luser32 -lkernel32 -lmingw32 -lgcc_eh -lgcc -lmoldname -lmingwex -lmsvcrt d:/mingw/bin/../lib/ >> gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/crtend.o >> C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\ccFvAZop.o: In function `main': >> d:\Projects\libisl\build/testlib.c:22: undefined reference to `WSAGetLastError' >> collect2: ld 1 > > Regards. > > Levi G. > Haskell is a beautiful language.
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