[PATCH v0] qemu driver FreeBSD support

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Hello,

Attached an initial version of the patch providing FreeBSD support for
qemu driver. Initial discussion on the topic started here:

https://www.redhat.com/archives/libvir-list/2012-November/msg00841.html

Roman Bogorodskiy
commit c24d2ad70f03dcd67b147b80383d14c9d9931ae6
Author: Roman Bogorodskiy <bogorodskiy@xxxxxxxxx>
Date:   Sun Dec 9 21:10:44 2012 +0400

    qemu: initial FreeBSD support

diff --git a/README-freebsd b/README-freebsd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2c4079b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/README-freebsd
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+Configuring:
+
+ ./configure --with-qemu --disable-werror --with-qemu-group=wheel --without-polkit --without-firewalld
+
+Basic Testing:
+
+ Create a domain file:
+
+<domain type='qemu'>
+  <name>qemu</name>
+  <uuid>00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000</uuid>
+  <memory>219136</memory>
+  <currentMemory>219136</currentMemory>
+  <vcpu>1</vcpu>
+  <os>
+    <type arch='i686' machine='pc'>hvm</type>
+    <boot dev='hd'/>
+  </os>
+  <features>
+    <acpi/>
+  </features>
+  <clock offset='utc'/>
+  <on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff>
+  <on_reboot>restart</on_reboot>
+  <on_crash>destroy</on_crash>
+  <devices>
+    <emulator>/usr/local/bin/qemu</emulator>
+    <disk type='block' device='disk'>
+      <driver name='qemu' type='qcow2'/>
+      <source dev='/path/to/freebsd.img'/>
+      <target dev='hda' bus='ide'/>
+    </disk>
+    <interface type='bridge'>
+      <!--mac address='52:54:00:00:01:89'/-->
+      <source bridge='bridge0'/>
+    </interface>
+    <input type='tablet' bus='usb'/>
+    <input type='mouse' bus='ps2'/>
+    <graphics type='vnc' port='-1' listen='127.0.0.1'/>
+  </devices>
+</domain>
+
+start a virsh: virsh -c qemu:///system
+
+inside virsh type:
+
+define /path/to/domfile.xml
+start vm1
+
+Now you can log in using vnc:
+
+vncview :0
+
+To stop the VM, use 'shutdown vm1' inside virsh.
+
+To allow a VM have internet connection:
+
+
+ipfw nat 1000 config if re0
+
+ipfw add 1000 nat 1000 log ip from 192.168.122.0/24 to any out
+ipfw add 1001 nat 1000 log ip from any to any in
+
+Here, re0 is the uplink connection and 192.168.122.0/24 is a bridge network.
+
diff --git a/configure.ac b/configure.ac
index a695e52..0467a2a 100644
--- a/configure.ac
+++ b/configure.ac
@@ -360,10 +360,11 @@ dnl are also linux specific.  The "network" and storage_fs drivers are known
 dnl to not work on MacOS X presently, so we also make a note if compiling
 dnl for that
 
-with_linux=no with_osx=no
+with_linux=no with_osx=no with_freebsd=no
 case $host in
   *-*-linux*) with_linux=yes ;;
   *-*-darwin*) with_osx=yes ;;
+  *-*-freebsd*) with_freebsd=yes ;;
 esac
 
 if test $with_linux = no; then
@@ -379,6 +380,7 @@ if test $with_linux = no; then
 fi
 
 AM_CONDITIONAL([WITH_LINUX], [test "$with_linux" = "yes"])
+AM_CONDITIONAL([WITH_FREEBSD], [test "$with_freebsd" = "yes"])
 
 dnl Allow to build without Xen, QEMU/KVM, test or remote driver
 AC_ARG_WITH([xen],
@@ -533,6 +535,10 @@ AC_DEFINE_UNQUOTED([IP6TABLES_PATH], "$IP6TABLES_PATH", [path to ip6tables binar
 AC_PATH_PROG([EBTABLES_PATH], [ebtables], /sbin/ebtables, [/usr/sbin:$PATH])
 AC_DEFINE_UNQUOTED([EBTABLES_PATH], "$EBTABLES_PATH", [path to ebtables binary])
 
+if test "$with_freebsd" = "yes"; then
+    AC_PATH_PROG([IFCONFIG_PATH], [ifconfig], /sbin/ifconfig, [/usr/sbin:$PATH])
+    AC_DEFINE_UNQUOTED([IFCONFIG_PATH], "$IFCONFIG_PATH", [path to ifconfig binary])
+fi
 
 dnl
 dnl Checks for the OpenVZ driver
@@ -949,11 +955,13 @@ fi
 dnl
 dnl check for kernel headers required by src/bridge.c
 dnl
-if test "$with_qemu" = "yes" || test "$with_lxc" = "yes" ; then
-  AC_CHECK_HEADERS([linux/param.h linux/sockios.h linux/if_bridge.h linux/if_tun.h],,
-                   AC_MSG_ERROR([You must install kernel-headers in order to compile libvirt with QEMU or LXC support]))
-fi
 
+if test "$with_linux" = "yes"; then
+   if test "$with_qemu" = "yes" || test "$with_lxc" = "yes" ; then
+      AC_CHECK_HEADERS([linux/param.h linux/sockios.h linux/if_bridge.h linux/if_tun.h],,
+                    AC_MSG_ERROR([You must install kernel-headers in order to compile libvirt with QEMU or LXC support]))
+   fi
+fi
 
 dnl Need to test if pkg-config exists
 PKG_PROG_PKG_CONFIG
diff --git a/src/Makefile.am b/src/Makefile.am
index 1a2f94f..2e1c3d7 100644
--- a/src/Makefile.am
+++ b/src/Makefile.am
@@ -51,6 +51,14 @@ augeastest_DATA =
 
 # These files are not related to driver APIs. Simply generic
 # helper APIs for various purposes
+if WITH_FREEBSD
+NETDEV = util/bsd_virnetdevtap.h util/bsd_virnetdevtap.c \
+	 util/bsd_virnetdevbridge.h util/bsd_virnetdevbridge.c
+else
+NETDEV = util/virnetdevtap.h util/virnetdevtap.c \
+	util/virnetdevbridge.h util/virnetdevbridge.c
+endif
+
 UTIL_SOURCES =							\
 		util/bitmap.c util/bitmap.h			\
 		util/buf.c util/buf.h				\
@@ -102,10 +110,8 @@ UTIL_SOURCES =							\
 		util/virmacaddr.h util/virmacaddr.c		\
 		util/virnetdev.h util/virnetdev.c		\
 		util/virnetdevbandwidth.h util/virnetdevbandwidth.c \
-		util/virnetdevbridge.h util/virnetdevbridge.c	\
 		util/virnetdevmacvlan.c util/virnetdevmacvlan.h	\
 		util/virnetdevopenvswitch.h util/virnetdevopenvswitch.c \
-		util/virnetdevtap.h util/virnetdevtap.c		\
 		util/virnetdevveth.h util/virnetdevveth.c \
 		util/virnetdevvlan.h util/virnetdevvlan.c \
 		util/virnetdevvportprofile.h util/virnetdevvportprofile.c \
@@ -114,7 +120,8 @@ UTIL_SOURCES =							\
 		util/virsocketaddr.h util/virsocketaddr.c \
 		util/virstring.h util/virstring.c \
 		util/virtime.h util/virtime.c \
-		util/viruri.h util/viruri.c
+		util/viruri.h util/viruri.c \
+		$(NETDEV)
 
 EXTRA_DIST += $(srcdir)/util/virkeymaps.h $(srcdir)/util/keymaps.csv \
 		$(srcdir)/util/virkeycode-mapgen.py
@@ -559,8 +566,13 @@ PARALLELS_DRIVER_SOURCES =					\
 		parallels/parallels_utils.h			\
 		parallels/parallels_storage.c
 
+if WITH_FREEBSD
+NETWORK_DRIVER_SOURCES =					\
+		network/bsd_bridge_driver.h network/bsd_bridge_driver.c
+else
 NETWORK_DRIVER_SOURCES =					\
 		network/bridge_driver.h network/bridge_driver.c
+endif
 
 INTERFACE_DRIVER_SOURCES =
 
diff --git a/src/cpu/cpu_x86.c b/src/cpu/cpu_x86.c
index ca8cd92..d6af160 100644
--- a/src/cpu/cpu_x86.c
+++ b/src/cpu/cpu_x86.c
@@ -40,7 +40,11 @@
 
 static const struct cpuX86cpuid cpuidNull = { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 };
 
+#if defined(__FreeBSD__)
+static const char *archs[] = { "i386", "amd64" };
+#else
 static const char *archs[] = { "i686", "x86_64" };
+#endif
 
 struct x86_vendor {
     char *name;
diff --git a/src/network/bridge_driver.c b/src/network/bridge_driver.c
index 00cffee..d959db4 100644
--- a/src/network/bridge_driver.c
+++ b/src/network/bridge_driver.c
@@ -41,6 +41,9 @@
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <sys/wait.h>
 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
+#ifdef __FreeBSD__
+#include <sys/socket.h>
+#endif
 #include <net/if.h>
 
 #include "virterror_internal.h"
diff --git a/src/network/bsd_bridge_driver.c b/src/network/bsd_bridge_driver.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..015ef7d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/network/bsd_bridge_driver.c
@@ -0,0 +1,4265 @@
+/*
+ * bridge_driver.c: core driver methods for managing network
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2006-2012 Red Hat, Inc.
+ * Copyright (C) 2006 Daniel P. Berrange
+ *
+ * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+ * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+ * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+ * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+ * Lesser General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+ * License along with this library.  If not, see
+ * <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ *
+ * Author: Daniel P. Berrange <berrange@xxxxxxxxxx>
+ */
+
+#include <config.h>
+
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/poll.h>
+#include <limits.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <sys/utsname.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <signal.h>
+#include <paths.h>
+#include <pwd.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <sys/wait.h>
+#include <sys/ioctl.h>
+#ifdef __FreeBSD__
+#include <sys/socket.h>
+#endif
+#include <net/if.h>
+#include <sys/sysctl.h>
+
+#include "virterror_internal.h"
+#include "datatypes.h"
+#include "bridge_driver.h"
+#include "network_conf.h"
+#include "device_conf.h"
+#include "driver.h"
+#include "buf.h"
+#include "virpidfile.h"
+#include "util.h"
+#include "command.h"
+#include "memory.h"
+#include "uuid.h"
+#include "iptables.h"
+#include "logging.h"
+#include "dnsmasq.h"
+#include "configmake.h"
+#include "virnetdev.h"
+#include "pci.h"
+#include "virnetdevbridge.h"
+#include "virnetdevtap.h"
+#include "virnetdevvportprofile.h"
+#include "virdbus.h"
+#include "virfile.h"
+
+#define NETWORK_PID_DIR LOCALSTATEDIR "/run/libvirt/network"
+#define NETWORK_STATE_DIR LOCALSTATEDIR "/lib/libvirt/network"
+
+#define DNSMASQ_STATE_DIR LOCALSTATEDIR "/lib/libvirt/dnsmasq"
+#define RADVD_STATE_DIR LOCALSTATEDIR "/lib/libvirt/radvd"
+
+#define VIR_FROM_THIS VIR_FROM_NETWORK
+
+/* Main driver state */
+struct network_driver {
+    virMutex lock;
+
+    virNetworkObjList networks;
+
+    iptablesContext *iptables;
+    char *networkConfigDir;
+    char *networkAutostartDir;
+    char *logDir;
+    dnsmasqCapsPtr dnsmasqCaps;
+};
+
+
+static void networkDriverLock(struct network_driver *driver)
+{
+    virMutexLock(&driver->lock);
+}
+static void networkDriverUnlock(struct network_driver *driver)
+{
+    virMutexUnlock(&driver->lock);
+}
+
+static int networkShutdown(void);
+
+static int networkStartNetwork(struct network_driver *driver,
+                               virNetworkObjPtr network);
+
+static int networkShutdownNetwork(struct network_driver *driver,
+                                  virNetworkObjPtr network);
+
+static int networkStartNetworkVirtual(struct network_driver *driver,
+                                     virNetworkObjPtr network);
+
+static int networkShutdownNetworkVirtual(struct network_driver *driver,
+                                        virNetworkObjPtr network);
+
+static int networkStartNetworkExternal(struct network_driver *driver,
+                                     virNetworkObjPtr network);
+
+static int networkShutdownNetworkExternal(struct network_driver *driver,
+                                        virNetworkObjPtr network);
+
+static void networkReloadIptablesRules(struct network_driver *driver);
+static void networkRefreshDaemons(struct network_driver *driver);
+
+static struct network_driver *driverState = NULL;
+
+static char *
+networkDnsmasqLeaseFileNameDefault(const char *netname)
+{
+    char *leasefile;
+
+    ignore_value(virAsprintf(&leasefile, DNSMASQ_STATE_DIR "/%s.leases",
+                             netname));
+    return leasefile;
+}
+
+networkDnsmasqLeaseFileNameFunc networkDnsmasqLeaseFileName =
+    networkDnsmasqLeaseFileNameDefault;
+
+static char *
+networkRadvdPidfileBasename(const char *netname)
+{
+    /* this is simple but we want to be sure it's consistently done */
+    char *pidfilebase;
+
+    ignore_value(virAsprintf(&pidfilebase, "%s-radvd", netname));
+    return pidfilebase;
+}
+
+static char *
+networkRadvdConfigFileName(const char *netname)
+{
+    char *configfile;
+
+    ignore_value(virAsprintf(&configfile, RADVD_STATE_DIR "/%s-radvd.conf",
+                             netname));
+    return configfile;
+}
+
+static char *
+networkBridgeDummyNicName(const char *brname)
+{
+    static const char dummyNicSuffix[] = "-nic";
+    char *nicname;
+
+    if (strlen(brname) + sizeof(dummyNicSuffix) > IFNAMSIZ) {
+        /* because the length of an ifname is limited to IFNAMSIZ-1
+         * (usually 15), and we're adding 4 more characters, we must
+         * truncate the original name to 11 to fit. In order to catch
+         * a possible numeric ending (eg virbr0, virbr1, etc), we grab
+         * the first 8 and last 3 characters of the string.
+         */
+        ignore_value(virAsprintf(&nicname, "%.*s%s%s",
+                                 /* space for last 3 chars + "-nic" + NULL */
+                                 (int)(IFNAMSIZ - (3 + sizeof(dummyNicSuffix))),
+                                 brname, brname + strlen(brname) - 3,
+                                 dummyNicSuffix));
+    } else {
+        ignore_value(virAsprintf(&nicname, "%s%s", brname, dummyNicSuffix));
+    }
+    return nicname;
+}
+
+static void
+networkFindActiveConfigs(struct network_driver *driver) {
+    unsigned int i;
+
+    for (i = 0 ; i < driver->networks.count ; i++) {
+        virNetworkObjPtr obj = driver->networks.objs[i];
+        virNetworkDefPtr tmp;
+        char *config;
+
+        virNetworkObjLock(obj);
+
+        if ((config = virNetworkConfigFile(NETWORK_STATE_DIR,
+                                           obj->def->name)) == NULL) {
+            virNetworkObjUnlock(obj);
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        if (access(config, R_OK) < 0) {
+            VIR_FREE(config);
+            virNetworkObjUnlock(obj);
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        /* Try and load the live config */
+        tmp = virNetworkDefParseFile(config);
+        VIR_FREE(config);
+        if (tmp) {
+            obj->newDef = obj->def;
+            obj->def = tmp;
+        }
+
+        /* If bridge exists, then mark it active */
+        if (obj->def->bridge &&
+            virNetDevExists(obj->def->bridge) == 1) {
+            obj->active = 1;
+
+            /* Try and read dnsmasq/radvd pids if any */
+            if (obj->def->ips && (obj->def->nips > 0)) {
+                char *radvdpidbase;
+
+                ignore_value(virPidFileReadIfAlive(NETWORK_PID_DIR, obj->def->name,
+                                                   &obj->dnsmasqPid, DNSMASQ));
+
+                if (!(radvdpidbase = networkRadvdPidfileBasename(obj->def->name))) {
+                    virReportOOMError();
+                    goto cleanup;
+                }
+                ignore_value(virPidFileReadIfAlive(NETWORK_PID_DIR, radvdpidbase,
+                                                   &obj->radvdPid, RADVD));
+                VIR_FREE(radvdpidbase);
+            }
+        }
+
+    cleanup:
+        virNetworkObjUnlock(obj);
+    }
+}
+
+
+static void
+networkAutostartConfigs(struct network_driver *driver) {
+    unsigned int i;
+
+    for (i = 0 ; i < driver->networks.count ; i++) {
+        virNetworkObjLock(driver->networks.objs[i]);
+        if (driver->networks.objs[i]->autostart &&
+            !virNetworkObjIsActive(driver->networks.objs[i])) {
+            if (networkStartNetwork(driver, driver->networks.objs[i]) < 0) {
+            /* failed to start but already logged */
+            }
+        }
+        virNetworkObjUnlock(driver->networks.objs[i]);
+    }
+}
+
+#if HAVE_FIREWALLD
+static DBusHandlerResult
+firewalld_dbus_filter_bridge(DBusConnection *connection ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
+                             DBusMessage *message, void *user_data) {
+    struct network_driver *_driverState = user_data;
+
+    if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, DBUS_INTERFACE_DBUS,
+                               "NameOwnerChanged") ||
+        dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1",
+                               "Reloaded"))
+    {
+        VIR_DEBUG("Reload in bridge_driver because of firewalld.");
+        networkReloadIptablesRules(_driverState);
+    }
+
+    return DBUS_HANDLER_RESULT_NOT_YET_HANDLED;
+}
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * networkStartup:
+ *
+ * Initialization function for the QEmu daemon
+ */
+static int
+networkStartup(int privileged) {
+    char *base = NULL;
+#ifdef HAVE_FIREWALLD
+    DBusConnection *sysbus = NULL;
+#endif
+
+    if (VIR_ALLOC(driverState) < 0)
+        goto error;
+
+    if (virMutexInit(&driverState->lock) < 0) {
+        VIR_FREE(driverState);
+        goto error;
+    }
+    networkDriverLock(driverState);
+
+    if (privileged) {
+        if (virAsprintf(&driverState->logDir,
+                        "%s/log/libvirt/qemu", LOCALSTATEDIR) == -1)
+            goto out_of_memory;
+
+        if ((base = strdup (SYSCONFDIR "/libvirt")) == NULL)
+            goto out_of_memory;
+    } else {
+        char *userdir = virGetUserCacheDirectory();
+
+        if (!userdir)
+            goto error;
+
+        if (virAsprintf(&driverState->logDir,
+                        "%s/qemu/log", userdir) == -1) {
+            VIR_FREE(userdir);
+            goto out_of_memory;
+        }
+        VIR_FREE(userdir);
+
+        userdir = virGetUserConfigDirectory();
+        if (virAsprintf(&base, "%s", userdir) == -1) {
+            VIR_FREE(userdir);
+            goto out_of_memory;
+        }
+        VIR_FREE(userdir);
+    }
+
+    /* Configuration paths are either ~/.libvirt/qemu/... (session) or
+     * /etc/libvirt/qemu/... (system).
+     */
+    if (virAsprintf(&driverState->networkConfigDir, "%s/qemu/networks", base) == -1)
+        goto out_of_memory;
+
+    if (virAsprintf(&driverState->networkAutostartDir, "%s/qemu/networks/autostart",
+                    base) == -1)
+        goto out_of_memory;
+
+    VIR_FREE(base);
+
+    if (!(driverState->iptables = iptablesContextNew())) {
+        goto out_of_memory;
+    }
+
+
+    if (virNetworkLoadAllConfigs(&driverState->networks,
+                                 driverState->networkConfigDir,
+                                 driverState->networkAutostartDir) < 0)
+        goto error;
+
+    networkFindActiveConfigs(driverState);
+    networkReloadIptablesRules(driverState);
+    networkRefreshDaemons(driverState);
+    networkAutostartConfigs(driverState);
+
+    networkDriverUnlock(driverState);
+
+#ifdef HAVE_FIREWALLD
+    if (!(sysbus = virDBusGetSystemBus())) {
+        virErrorPtr err = virGetLastError();
+        VIR_WARN("DBus not available, disabling firewalld support "
+                 "in bridge_driver: %s", err->message);
+    } else {
+        /* add matches for
+         * NameOwnerChanged on org.freedesktop.DBus for firewalld start/stop
+         * Reloaded on org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1 for firewalld reload
+         */
+        dbus_bus_add_match(sysbus,
+                           "type='signal'"
+                           ",interface='"DBUS_INTERFACE_DBUS"'"
+                           ",member='NameOwnerChanged'"
+                           ",arg0='org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1'",
+                           NULL);
+        dbus_bus_add_match(sysbus,
+                           "type='signal'"
+                           ",interface='org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1'"
+                           ",member='Reloaded'",
+                           NULL);
+        dbus_connection_add_filter(sysbus, firewalld_dbus_filter_bridge,
+                                   driverState, NULL);
+    }
+#endif
+
+    return 0;
+
+out_of_memory:
+    virReportOOMError();
+
+error:
+    if (driverState)
+        networkDriverUnlock(driverState);
+
+    VIR_FREE(base);
+    networkShutdown();
+    return -1;
+}
+
+/**
+ * networkReload:
+ *
+ * Function to restart the QEmu daemon, it will recheck the configuration
+ * files and update its state and the networking
+ */
+static int
+networkReload(void) {
+    if (!driverState)
+        return 0;
+
+    networkDriverLock(driverState);
+    virNetworkLoadAllConfigs(&driverState->networks,
+                             driverState->networkConfigDir,
+                             driverState->networkAutostartDir);
+    networkReloadIptablesRules(driverState);
+    networkRefreshDaemons(driverState);
+    networkAutostartConfigs(driverState);
+    networkDriverUnlock(driverState);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * networkActive:
+ *
+ * Checks if the QEmu daemon is active, i.e. has an active domain or
+ * an active network
+ *
+ * Returns 1 if active, 0 otherwise
+ */
+static int
+networkActive(void) {
+    unsigned int i;
+    int active = 0;
+
+    if (!driverState)
+        return 0;
+
+    networkDriverLock(driverState);
+    for (i = 0 ; i < driverState->networks.count ; i++) {
+        virNetworkObjPtr net = driverState->networks.objs[i];
+        virNetworkObjLock(net);
+        if (virNetworkObjIsActive(net))
+            active = 1;
+        virNetworkObjUnlock(net);
+    }
+    networkDriverUnlock(driverState);
+    return active;
+}
+
+/**
+ * networkShutdown:
+ *
+ * Shutdown the QEmu daemon, it will stop all active domains and networks
+ */
+static int
+networkShutdown(void) {
+    if (!driverState)
+        return -1;
+
+    networkDriverLock(driverState);
+
+    /* free inactive networks */
+    virNetworkObjListFree(&driverState->networks);
+
+    VIR_FREE(driverState->logDir);
+    VIR_FREE(driverState->networkConfigDir);
+    VIR_FREE(driverState->networkAutostartDir);
+
+    if (driverState->iptables)
+        iptablesContextFree(driverState->iptables);
+
+    networkDriverUnlock(driverState);
+    virMutexDestroy(&driverState->lock);
+
+    VIR_FREE(driverState);
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+
+/* networkKillDaemon:
+ *
+ * kill the specified pid/name, and wait a bit to make sure it's dead.
+ */
+static int
+networkKillDaemon(pid_t pid, const char *daemonName, const char *networkName)
+{
+    int ii, ret = -1;
+    const char *signame = "TERM";
+
+    /* send SIGTERM, then wait up to 3 seconds for the process to
+     * disappear, send SIGKILL, then wait for up to another 2
+     * seconds. If that fails, log a warning and continue, hoping
+     * for the best.
+     */
+    for (ii = 0; ii < 25; ii++) {
+        int signum = 0;
+        if (ii == 0)
+            signum = SIGTERM;
+        else if (ii == 15) {
+            signum = SIGKILL;
+            signame = "KILL";
+        }
+        if (kill(pid, signum) < 0) {
+            if (errno == ESRCH) {
+                ret = 0;
+            } else {
+                char ebuf[1024];
+                VIR_WARN("Failed to terminate %s process %d "
+                         "for network '%s' with SIG%s: %s",
+                         daemonName, pid, networkName, signame,
+                         virStrerror(errno, ebuf, sizeof(ebuf)));
+            }
+            goto cleanup;
+        }
+        /* NB: since networks have no reference count like
+         * domains, there is no safe way to unlock the network
+         * object temporarily, and so we can't follow the
+         * procedure used by the qemu driver of 1) unlock driver
+         * 2) sleep, 3) add ref to object 4) unlock object, 5)
+         * re-lock driver, 6) re-lock object. We may need to add
+         * that functionality eventually, but for now this
+         * function is rarely used and, at worst, leaving the
+         * network driver locked during this loop of sleeps will
+         * have the effect of holding up any other thread trying
+         * to make modifications to a network for up to 5 seconds;
+         * since modifications to networks are much less common
+         * than modifications to domains, this seems a reasonable
+         * tradeoff in exchange for less code disruption.
+         */
+        usleep(20 * 1000);
+    }
+    VIR_WARN("Timed out waiting after SIG%s to %s process %d "
+             "(network '%s')",
+             signame, daemonName, pid, networkName);
+cleanup:
+    return ret;
+}
+
+static int
+networkBuildDnsmasqHostsfile(dnsmasqContext *dctx,
+                             virNetworkIpDefPtr ipdef,
+                             virNetworkDNSDefPtr dnsdef)
+{
+    unsigned int i, j;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < ipdef->nhosts; i++) {
+        virNetworkDHCPHostDefPtr host = &(ipdef->hosts[i]);
+        if ((host->mac) && VIR_SOCKET_ADDR_VALID(&host->ip))
+            if (dnsmasqAddDhcpHost(dctx, host->mac, &host->ip, host->name) < 0)
+                return -1;
+    }
+
+    if (dnsdef) {
+        for (i = 0; i < dnsdef->nhosts; i++) {
+            virNetworkDNSHostsDefPtr host = &(dnsdef->hosts[i]);
+            if (VIR_SOCKET_ADDR_VALID(&host->ip)) {
+                for (j = 0; j < host->nnames; j++)
+                    if (dnsmasqAddHost(dctx, &host->ip, host->names[j]) < 0)
+                        return -1;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int
+networkBuildDnsmasqArgv(virNetworkObjPtr network,
+                        virNetworkIpDefPtr ipdef,
+                        const char *pidfile,
+                        virCommandPtr cmd,
+                        dnsmasqContext *dctx,
+                        dnsmasqCapsPtr caps ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
+{
+    int r, ret = -1;
+    int nbleases = 0;
+    int ii;
+    char *record = NULL;
+    char *recordPort = NULL;
+    char *recordWeight = NULL;
+    char *recordPriority = NULL;
+    virNetworkIpDefPtr tmpipdef;
+
+    /*
+     * NB, be careful about syntax for dnsmasq options in long format.
+     *
+     * If the flag has a mandatory argument, it can be given using
+     * either syntax:
+     *
+     *     --foo bar
+     *     --foo=bar
+     *
+     * If the flag has a optional argument, it *must* be given using
+     * the syntax:
+     *
+     *     --foo=bar
+     *
+     * It is hard to determine whether a flag is optional or not,
+     * without reading the dnsmasq source :-( The manpage is not
+     * very explicit on this.
+     */
+
+    /*
+     * Needed to ensure dnsmasq uses same algorithm for processing
+     * multiple namedriver entries in /etc/resolv.conf as GLibC.
+     */
+    virCommandAddArg(cmd, "--strict-order");
+
+    if (network->def->domain)
+        virCommandAddArgPair(cmd, "--domain", network->def->domain);
+    /* need to specify local even if no domain specified */
+    virCommandAddArgFormat(cmd, "--local=/%s/",
+                           network->def->domain ? network->def->domain : "");
+    virCommandAddArg(cmd, "--domain-needed");
+
+    if (pidfile)
+        virCommandAddArgPair(cmd, "--pid-file", pidfile);
+
+    /* *no* conf file */
+    virCommandAddArg(cmd, "--conf-file=");
+
+    if (dnsmasqCapsGet(caps, DNSMASQ_CAPS_BIND_DYNAMIC)) {
+        /* using --bind-dynamic with only --interface (no
+         * --listen-address) prevents dnsmasq from responding to dns
+         * queries that arrive on some interface other than our bridge
+         * interface (in other words, requests originating somewhere
+         * other than one of the virtual guests connected directly to
+         * this network). This was added in response to CVE 2012-3411.
+         */
+        virCommandAddArgList(cmd,
+                             "--bind-dynamic",
+                             "--interface", network->def->bridge,
+                             NULL);
+    } else {
+        virCommandAddArgList(cmd,
+                             "--bind-interfaces",
+                             "--except-interface", "lo",
+                             NULL);
+        /*
+         * --interface does not actually work with dnsmasq < 2.47,
+         * due to DAD for ipv6 addresses on the interface.
+         *
+         * virCommandAddArgList(cmd, "--interface", network->def->bridge, NULL);
+         *
+         * So listen on all defined IPv[46] addresses
+         */
+        for (ii = 0;
+             (tmpipdef = virNetworkDefGetIpByIndex(network->def, AF_UNSPEC, ii));
+             ii++) {
+            char *ipaddr = virSocketAddrFormat(&tmpipdef->address);
+
+            if (!ipaddr)
+                goto cleanup;
+            /* also part of CVE 2012-3411 - if the host's version of
+             * dnsmasq doesn't have --bind-dynamic, only allow listening on
+             * private/local IP addresses (see RFC1918/RFC3484/RFC4193)
+             */
+            if (!virSocketAddrIsPrivate(&tmpipdef->address)) {
+                unsigned long version = dnsmasqCapsGetVersion(caps);
+
+                virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
+                               _("Publicly routable address %s is prohibited. "
+                                 "The version of dnsmasq on this host (%d.%d) doesn't "
+                                 "support the --bind-dynamic option, which is required "
+                                 "for safe operation on a publicly routable subnet "
+                                 "(see CVE-2012-3411). You must either upgrade dnsmasq, "
+                                 "or use a private/local subnet range for this network "
+                                 "(as described in RFC1918/RFC3484/RFC4193)."), ipaddr,
+                               (int)version / 1000000, (int)(version % 1000000) / 1000);
+                goto cleanup;
+            }
+            virCommandAddArgList(cmd, "--listen-address", ipaddr, NULL);
+            VIR_FREE(ipaddr);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* If this is an isolated network, set the default route option
+     * (3) to be empty to avoid setting a default route that's
+     * guaranteed to not work, and set --no-resolv so that no dns
+     * requests are forwarded on to the dns server listed in the
+     * host's /etc/resolv.conf (since this could be used as a channel
+     * to build a connection to the outside).
+     */
+    if (network->def->forwardType == VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_NONE) {
+        virCommandAddArgList(cmd, "--dhcp-option=3",
+                             "--no-resolv", NULL);
+    }
+
+    if (network->def->dns != NULL) {
+        virNetworkDNSDefPtr dns = network->def->dns;
+        int i;
+
+        for (i = 0; i < dns->ntxtrecords; i++) {
+            virCommandAddArgFormat(cmd, "--txt-record=%s,%s",
+                                   dns->txtrecords[i].name,
+                                   dns->txtrecords[i].value);
+        }
+
+        for (i = 0; i < dns->nsrvrecords; i++) {
+            if (dns->srvrecords[i].service && dns->srvrecords[i].protocol) {
+                if (dns->srvrecords[i].port) {
+                    if (virAsprintf(&recordPort, "%d", dns->srvrecords[i].port) < 0) {
+                        virReportOOMError();
+                        goto cleanup;
+                    }
+                }
+                if (dns->srvrecords[i].priority) {
+                    if (virAsprintf(&recordPriority, "%d", dns->srvrecords[i].priority) < 0) {
+                        virReportOOMError();
+                        goto cleanup;
+                    }
+                }
+                if (dns->srvrecords[i].weight) {
+                    if (virAsprintf(&recordWeight, "%d", dns->srvrecords[i].weight) < 0) {
+                        virReportOOMError();
+                        goto cleanup;
+                    }
+                }
+
+                if (virAsprintf(&record, "%s.%s.%s,%s,%s,%s,%s",
+                                dns->srvrecords[i].service,
+                                dns->srvrecords[i].protocol,
+                                dns->srvrecords[i].domain   ? dns->srvrecords[i].domain : "",
+                                dns->srvrecords[i].target   ? dns->srvrecords[i].target : "",
+                                recordPort                  ? recordPort                : "",
+                                recordPriority              ? recordPriority            : "",
+                                recordWeight                ? recordWeight              : "") < 0) {
+                    virReportOOMError();
+                    goto cleanup;
+                }
+
+                virCommandAddArgPair(cmd, "--srv-host", record);
+                VIR_FREE(record);
+                VIR_FREE(recordPort);
+                VIR_FREE(recordWeight);
+                VIR_FREE(recordPriority);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (ipdef) {
+        for (r = 0 ; r < ipdef->nranges ; r++) {
+            char *saddr = virSocketAddrFormat(&ipdef->ranges[r].start);
+            if (!saddr)
+                goto cleanup;
+            char *eaddr = virSocketAddrFormat(&ipdef->ranges[r].end);
+            if (!eaddr) {
+                VIR_FREE(saddr);
+                goto cleanup;
+            }
+            virCommandAddArg(cmd, "--dhcp-range");
+            virCommandAddArgFormat(cmd, "%s,%s", saddr, eaddr);
+            VIR_FREE(saddr);
+            VIR_FREE(eaddr);
+            nbleases += virSocketAddrGetRange(&ipdef->ranges[r].start,
+                                              &ipdef->ranges[r].end);
+        }
+
+        /*
+         * For static-only DHCP, i.e. with no range but at least one host element,
+         * we have to add a special --dhcp-range option to enable the service in
+         * dnsmasq.
+         */
+        if (!ipdef->nranges && ipdef->nhosts) {
+            char *bridgeaddr = virSocketAddrFormat(&ipdef->address);
+            if (!bridgeaddr)
+                goto cleanup;
+            virCommandAddArg(cmd, "--dhcp-range");
+            virCommandAddArgFormat(cmd, "%s,static", bridgeaddr);
+            VIR_FREE(bridgeaddr);
+        }
+
+        if (ipdef->nranges > 0) {
+            char *leasefile = networkDnsmasqLeaseFileName(network->def->name);
+            if (!leasefile)
+                goto cleanup;
+            virCommandAddArgFormat(cmd, "--dhcp-leasefile=%s", leasefile);
+            VIR_FREE(leasefile);
+            virCommandAddArgFormat(cmd, "--dhcp-lease-max=%d", nbleases);
+        }
+
+        if (ipdef->nranges || ipdef->nhosts)
+            virCommandAddArg(cmd, "--dhcp-no-override");
+
+        /* add domain to any non-qualified hostnames in /etc/hosts or addn-hosts */
+        if (network->def->domain)
+           virCommandAddArg(cmd, "--expand-hosts");
+
+        if (networkBuildDnsmasqHostsfile(dctx, ipdef, network->def->dns) < 0)
+            goto cleanup;
+
+        /* Even if there are currently no static hosts, if we're
+         * listening for DHCP, we should write a 0-length hosts
+         * file to allow for runtime additions.
+         */
+        if (ipdef->nranges || ipdef->nhosts)
+            virCommandAddArgPair(cmd, "--dhcp-hostsfile",
+                                 dctx->hostsfile->path);
+
+        /* Likewise, always create this file and put it on the commandline, to allow for
+         * for runtime additions.
+         */
+        virCommandAddArgPair(cmd, "--addn-hosts",
+                             dctx->addnhostsfile->path);
+
+        if (ipdef->tftproot) {
+            virCommandAddArgList(cmd, "--enable-tftp",
+                                 "--tftp-root", ipdef->tftproot,
+                                 NULL);
+        }
+        if (ipdef->bootfile) {
+            virCommandAddArg(cmd, "--dhcp-boot");
+            if (VIR_SOCKET_ADDR_VALID(&ipdef->bootserver)) {
+                char *bootserver = virSocketAddrFormat(&ipdef->bootserver);
+
+                if (!bootserver)
+                    goto cleanup;
+                virCommandAddArgFormat(cmd, "%s%s%s",
+                                       ipdef->bootfile, ",,", bootserver);
+                VIR_FREE(bootserver);
+            } else {
+                virCommandAddArg(cmd, ipdef->bootfile);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    ret = 0;
+cleanup:
+    VIR_FREE(record);
+    VIR_FREE(recordPort);
+    VIR_FREE(recordWeight);
+    VIR_FREE(recordPriority);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+int
+networkBuildDhcpDaemonCommandLine(virNetworkObjPtr network, virCommandPtr *cmdout,
+                                  char *pidfile, dnsmasqContext *dctx,
+                                  dnsmasqCapsPtr caps)
+{
+    virCommandPtr cmd = NULL;
+    int ret = -1, ii;
+    virNetworkIpDefPtr ipdef;
+
+    network->dnsmasqPid = -1;
+
+    /* Look for first IPv4 address that has dhcp defined. */
+    /* We support dhcp config on 1 IPv4 interface only. */
+    for (ii = 0;
+         (ipdef = virNetworkDefGetIpByIndex(network->def, AF_INET, ii));
+         ii++) {
+        if (ipdef->nranges || ipdef->nhosts)
+            break;
+    }
+    /* If no IPv4 addresses had dhcp info, pick the first (if there were any). */
+    if (!ipdef)
+        ipdef = virNetworkDefGetIpByIndex(network->def, AF_INET, 0);
+
+    /* If there are no IP addresses at all (v4 or v6), return now, since
+     * there won't be any address for dnsmasq to listen on anyway.
+     * If there are any addresses, even if no dhcp ranges or static entries,
+     * we should continue and run dnsmasq, just for the DNS capabilities.
+     */
+    if (!virNetworkDefGetIpByIndex(network->def, AF_UNSPEC, 0))
+        return 0;
+
+    cmd = virCommandNew(dnsmasqCapsGetBinaryPath(caps));
+    if (networkBuildDnsmasqArgv(network, ipdef, pidfile, cmd, dctx, caps) < 0) {
+        goto cleanup;
+    }
+
+    if (cmdout)
+        *cmdout = cmd;
+    ret = 0;
+cleanup:
+    if (ret < 0)
+        virCommandFree(cmd);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+static int
+networkStartDhcpDaemon(struct network_driver *driver,
+                       virNetworkObjPtr network)
+{
+    virCommandPtr cmd = NULL;
+    char *pidfile = NULL;
+    int ret = -1;
+    dnsmasqContext *dctx = NULL;
+    virNetworkIpDefPtr ipdef;
+    int i;
+
+    if (!virNetworkDefGetIpByIndex(network->def, AF_UNSPEC, 0)) {
+        /* no IPv6 addresses, so we don't need to run radvd */
+        ret = 0;
+        goto cleanup;
+    }
+
+    if (virFileMakePath(NETWORK_PID_DIR) < 0) {
+        virReportSystemError(errno,
+                             _("cannot create directory %s"),
+                             NETWORK_PID_DIR);
+        goto cleanup;
+    }
+    if (virFileMakePath(NETWORK_STATE_DIR) < 0) {
+        virReportSystemError(errno,
+                             _("cannot create directory %s"),
+                             NETWORK_STATE_DIR);
+        goto cleanup;
+    }
+
+    if (!(pidfile = virPidFileBuildPath(NETWORK_PID_DIR, network->def->name))) {
+        virReportOOMError();
+        goto cleanup;
+    }
+
+    if (virFileMakePath(DNSMASQ_STATE_DIR) < 0) {
+        virReportSystemError(errno,
+                             _("cannot create directory %s"),
+                             DNSMASQ_STATE_DIR);
+        goto cleanup;
+    }
+
+    dctx = dnsmasqContextNew(network->def->name, DNSMASQ_STATE_DIR);
+    if (dctx == NULL)
+        goto cleanup;
+
+    dnsmasqCapsRefresh(&driver->dnsmasqCaps, false);
+
+    ret = networkBuildDhcpDaemonCommandLine(network, &cmd, pidfile,
+                                            dctx, driver->dnsmasqCaps);
+    if (ret < 0)
+        goto cleanup;
+
+    /* populate dnsmasq hosts file */
+    for (i = 0; (ipdef = virNetworkDefGetIpByIndex(network->def, AF_UNSPEC, i)); i++) {
+        if (VIR_SOCKET_ADDR_IS_FAMILY(&ipdef->address, AF_INET) &&
+            (ipdef->nranges || ipdef->nhosts)) {
+            if (networkBuildDnsmasqHostsfile(dctx, ipdef,
+                                             network->def->dns) < 0)
+                goto cleanup;
+
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    ret = dnsmasqSave(dctx);
+    if (ret < 0)
+        goto cleanup;
+
+    ret = virCommandRun(cmd, NULL);
+    if (ret < 0) {
+        goto cleanup;
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * There really is no race here - when dnsmasq daemonizes, its
+     * leader process stays around until its child has actually
+     * written its pidfile. So by time virCommandRun exits it has
+     * waitpid'd and guaranteed the proess has started and written a
+     * pid
+     */
+
+    ret = virPidFileRead(NETWORK_PID_DIR, network->def->name,
+                         &network->dnsmasqPid);
+    if (ret < 0)
+        goto cleanup;
+
+    ret = 0;
+cleanup:
+    VIR_FREE(pidfile);
+    virCommandFree(cmd);
+    dnsmasqContextFree(dctx);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+/* networkRefreshDhcpDaemon:
+ *  Update dnsmasq config files, then send a SIGHUP so that it rereads
+ *  them.
+ *
+ *  Returns 0 on success, -1 on failure.
+ */
+static int
+networkRefreshDhcpDaemon(struct network_driver *driver,
+                         virNetworkObjPtr network)
+{
+    int ret = -1, ii;
+    virNetworkIpDefPtr ipdef;
+    dnsmasqContext *dctx = NULL;
+
+    /* if there's no running dnsmasq, just start it */
+    if (network->dnsmasqPid <= 0 || (kill(network->dnsmasqPid, 0) < 0))
+        return networkStartDhcpDaemon(driver, network);
+
+    /* Look for first IPv4 address that has dhcp defined. */
+    /* We support dhcp config on 1 IPv4 interface only. */
+    for (ii = 0;
+         (ipdef = virNetworkDefGetIpByIndex(network->def, AF_INET, ii));
+         ii++) {
+        if (ipdef->nranges || ipdef->nhosts)
+            break;
+    }
+    /* If no IPv4 addresses had dhcp info, pick the first (if there were any). */
+    if (!ipdef)
+        ipdef = virNetworkDefGetIpByIndex(network->def, AF_INET, 0);
+
+    if (!ipdef) {
+        /* no <ip> elements, so nothing to do */
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    if (!(dctx = dnsmasqContextNew(network->def->name, DNSMASQ_STATE_DIR)))
+        goto cleanup;
+
+    if (networkBuildDnsmasqHostsfile(dctx, ipdef, network->def->dns) < 0)
+       goto cleanup;
+
+    if ((ret = dnsmasqSave(dctx)) < 0)
+        goto cleanup;
+
+    ret = kill(network->dnsmasqPid, SIGHUP);
+cleanup:
+    dnsmasqContextFree(dctx);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+/* networkRestartDhcpDaemon:
+ *
+ * kill and restart dnsmasq, in order to update any config that is on
+ * the dnsmasq commandline (and any placed in separate config files).
+ *
+ *  Returns 0 on success, -1 on failure.
+ */
+static int
+networkRestartDhcpDaemon(struct network_driver *driver,
+                         virNetworkObjPtr network)
+{
+    /* if there is a running dnsmasq, kill it */
+    if (network->dnsmasqPid > 0) {
+        networkKillDaemon(network->dnsmasqPid, "dnsmasq",
+                          network->def->name);
+        network->dnsmasqPid = -1;
+    }
+    /* now start dnsmasq if it should be started */
+    return networkStartDhcpDaemon(driver, network);
+}
+
+static int
+networkRadvdConfContents(virNetworkObjPtr network, char **configstr)
+{
+    virBuffer configbuf = VIR_BUFFER_INITIALIZER;
+    int ret = -1, ii;
+    virNetworkIpDefPtr ipdef;
+    bool v6present = false;
+
+    *configstr = NULL;
+
+    /* create radvd config file appropriate for this network;
+     * IgnoreIfMissing allows radvd to start even when the bridge is down
+     */
+    virBufferAsprintf(&configbuf, "interface %s\n"
+                      "{\n"
+                      "  AdvSendAdvert on;\n"
+                      "  AdvManagedFlag off;\n"
+                      "  AdvOtherConfigFlag off;\n"
+                      "  IgnoreIfMissing on;\n"
+                      "\n",
+                      network->def->bridge);
+
+    /* add a section for each IPv6 address in the config */
+    for (ii = 0;
+         (ipdef = virNetworkDefGetIpByIndex(network->def, AF_INET6, ii));
+         ii++) {
+        int prefix;
+        char *netaddr;
+
+        v6present = true;
+        prefix = virNetworkIpDefPrefix(ipdef);
+        if (prefix < 0) {
+            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
+                           _("bridge '%s' has an invalid prefix"),
+                           network->def->bridge);
+            goto cleanup;
+        }
+        if (!(netaddr = virSocketAddrFormat(&ipdef->address)))
+            goto cleanup;
+        virBufferAsprintf(&configbuf,
+                          "  prefix %s/%d\n"
+                          "  {\n"
+                          "    AdvOnLink on;\n"
+                          "    AdvAutonomous on;\n"
+                          "    AdvRouterAddr off;\n"
+                          "  };\n",
+                          netaddr, prefix);
+        VIR_FREE(netaddr);
+    }
+
+    /* only create the string if we found at least one IPv6 address */
+    if (v6present) {
+        virBufferAddLit(&configbuf, "};\n");
+
+        if (virBufferError(&configbuf)) {
+            virReportOOMError();
+            goto cleanup;
+        }
+        if (!(*configstr = virBufferContentAndReset(&configbuf))) {
+            virReportOOMError();
+            goto cleanup;
+        }
+    }
+
+    ret = 0;
+cleanup:
+    virBufferFreeAndReset(&configbuf);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+
+/* write file and return it's name (which must be freed by caller) */
+static int
+networkRadvdConfWrite(virNetworkObjPtr network, char **configFile)
+{
+    int ret = -1;
+    char *configStr = NULL;
+    char *myConfigFile = NULL;
+
+    if (!configFile)
+        configFile = &myConfigFile;
+
+    *configFile = NULL;
+
+    if (networkRadvdConfContents(network, &configStr) < 0)
+        goto cleanup;
+
+    if (!configStr) {
+        ret = 0;
+        goto cleanup;
+    }
+
+    /* construct the filename */
+    if (!(*configFile = networkRadvdConfigFileName(network->def->name))) {
+        virReportOOMError();
+        goto cleanup;
+    }
+    /* write the file */
+    if (virFileWriteStr(*configFile, configStr, 0600) < 0) {
+        virReportSystemError(errno,
+                             _("couldn't write radvd config file '%s'"),
+                             *configFile);
+        goto cleanup;
+    }
+
+    ret = 0;
+cleanup:
+    VIR_FREE(configStr);
+    VIR_FREE(myConfigFile);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+static int
+networkStartRadvd(virNetworkObjPtr network)
+{
+    char *pidfile = NULL;
+    char *radvdpidbase = NULL;
+    char *configfile = NULL;
+    virCommandPtr cmd = NULL;
+    int ret = -1;
+
+    network->radvdPid = -1;
+
+    if (!virNetworkDefGetIpByIndex(network->def, AF_INET6, 0)) {
+        /* no IPv6 addresses, so we don't need to run radvd */
+        ret = 0;
+        goto cleanup;
+    }
+
+    if (!virFileIsExecutable(RADVD)) {
+        virReportSystemError(errno,
+                             _("Cannot find %s - "
+                               "Possibly the package isn't installed"),
+                             RADVD);
+        goto cleanup;
+    }
+
+    if (virFileMakePath(NETWORK_PID_DIR) < 0) {
+        virReportSystemError(errno,
+                             _("cannot create directory %s"),
+                             NETWORK_PID_DIR);
+        goto cleanup;
+    }
+    if (virFileMakePath(RADVD_STATE_DIR) < 0) {
+        virReportSystemError(errno,
+                             _("cannot create directory %s"),
+                             RADVD_STATE_DIR);
+        goto cleanup;
+    }
+
+    /* construct pidfile name */
+    if (!(radvdpidbase = networkRadvdPidfileBasename(network->def->name))) {
+        virReportOOMError();
+        goto cleanup;
+    }
+    if (!(pidfile = virPidFileBuildPath(NETWORK_PID_DIR, radvdpidbase))) {
+        virReportOOMError();
+        goto cleanup;
+    }
+
+    if (networkRadvdConfWrite(network, &configfile) < 0)
+        goto cleanup;
+
+    /* prevent radvd from daemonizing itself with "--debug 1", and use
+     * a dummy pidfile name - virCommand will create the pidfile we
+     * want to use (this is necessary because radvd's internal
+     * daemonization and pidfile creation causes a race, and the
+     * virPidFileRead() below will fail if we use them).
+     * Unfortunately, it isn't possible to tell radvd to not create
+     * its own pidfile, so we just let it do so, with a slightly
+     * different name. Unused, but harmless.
+     */
+    cmd = virCommandNewArgList(RADVD, "--debug", "1",
+                               "--config", configfile,
+                               "--pidfile", NULL);
+    virCommandAddArgFormat(cmd, "%s-bin", pidfile);
+
+    virCommandSetPidFile(cmd, pidfile);
+    virCommandDaemonize(cmd);
+
+    if (virCommandRun(cmd, NULL) < 0)
+        goto cleanup;
+
+    if (virPidFileRead(NETWORK_PID_DIR, radvdpidbase, &network->radvdPid) < 0)
+        goto cleanup;
+
+    ret = 0;
+cleanup:
+    virCommandFree(cmd);
+    VIR_FREE(configfile);
+    VIR_FREE(radvdpidbase);
+    VIR_FREE(pidfile);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+static int
+networkRefreshRadvd(struct network_driver *driver ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
+                    virNetworkObjPtr network)
+{
+    /* if there's no running radvd, just start it */
+    if (network->radvdPid <= 0 || (kill(network->radvdPid, 0) < 0))
+        return networkStartRadvd(network);
+
+    if (!virNetworkDefGetIpByIndex(network->def, AF_INET6, 0)) {
+        /* no IPv6 addresses, so we don't need to run radvd */
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    if (networkRadvdConfWrite(network, NULL) < 0)
+        return -1;
+
+    return kill(network->radvdPid, SIGHUP);
+}
+
+#if 0
+/* currently unused, so it causes a build error unless we #if it out */
+static int
+networkRestartRadvd(virNetworkObjPtr network)
+{
+    char *radvdpidbase;
+
+    /* if there is a running radvd, kill it */
+    if (network->radvdPid > 0) {
+        /* essentially ignore errors from the following two functions,
+         * since there's really no better recovery to be done than to
+         * just push ahead (and that may be exactly what's needed).
+         */
+        if ((networkKillDaemon(network->dnsmasqPid, "radvd",
+                               network->def->name) >= 0) &&
+            ((radvdpidbase = networkRadvdPidfileBasename(network->def->name))
+             != NULL)) {
+            virPidFileDelete(NETWORK_PID_DIR, radvdpidbase);
+            VIR_FREE(radvdpidbase);
+        }
+        network->radvdPid = -1;
+    }
+    /* now start radvd if it should be started */
+    return networkStartRadvd(network);
+}
+#endif /* #if 0 */
+
+/* SIGHUP/restart any dnsmasq or radvd daemons.
+ * This should be called when libvirtd is restarted.
+ */
+static void
+networkRefreshDaemons(struct network_driver *driver)
+{
+    unsigned int i;
+
+    VIR_INFO("Refreshing network daemons");
+
+    for (i = 0 ; i < driver->networks.count ; i++) {
+        virNetworkObjPtr network = driver->networks.objs[i];
+
+        virNetworkObjLock(network);
+        if (virNetworkObjIsActive(network) &&
+            ((network->def->forwardType == VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_NONE) ||
+             (network->def->forwardType == VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_NAT) ||
+             (network->def->forwardType == VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_ROUTE))) {
+            /* Only the three L3 network types that are configured by
+             * libvirt will have a dnsmasq or radvd daemon associated
+             * with them.  Here we send a SIGHUP to an existing
+             * dnsmasq and/or radvd, or restart them if they've
+             * disappeared.
+             */
+            networkRefreshDhcpDaemon(driver, network);
+            networkRefreshRadvd(driver, network);
+        }
+        virNetworkObjUnlock(network);
+    }
+}
+
+static int
+networkAddMasqueradingIptablesRules(struct network_driver *driver,
+                                    virNetworkObjPtr network,
+                                    virNetworkIpDefPtr ipdef)
+{
+    int prefix = virNetworkIpDefPrefix(ipdef);
+    const char *forwardIf = virNetworkDefForwardIf(network->def, 0);
+
+    if (prefix < 0) {
+        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
+                       _("Invalid prefix or netmask for '%s'"),
+                       network->def->bridge);
+        goto masqerr1;
+    }
+
+    /* allow forwarding packets from the bridge interface */
+    if (iptablesAddForwardAllowOut(driver->iptables,
+                                   &ipdef->address,
+                                   prefix,
+                                   network->def->bridge,
+                                   forwardIf) < 0) {
+        virReportError(VIR_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR,
+                       _("failed to add iptables rule to allow forwarding from '%s'"),
+                       network->def->bridge);
+        goto masqerr1;
+    }
+
+    /* allow forwarding packets to the bridge interface if they are
+     * part of an existing connection
+     */
+    if (iptablesAddForwardAllowRelatedIn(driver->iptables,
+                                         &ipdef->address,
+                                         prefix,
+                                         network->def->bridge,
+                                         forwardIf) < 0) {
+        virReportError(VIR_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR,
+                       _("failed to add iptables rule to allow forwarding to '%s'"),
+                       network->def->bridge);
+        goto masqerr2;
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Enable masquerading.
+     *
+     * We need to end up with 3 rules in the table in this order
+     *
+     *  1. protocol=tcp with sport mapping restriction
+     *  2. protocol=udp with sport mapping restriction
+     *  3. generic any protocol
+     *
+     * The sport mappings are required, because default IPtables
+     * MASQUERADE maintain port numbers unchanged where possible.
+     *
+     * NFS can be configured to only "trust" port numbers < 1023.
+     *
+     * Guests using NAT thus need to be prevented from having port
+     * numbers < 1023, otherwise they can bypass the NFS "security"
+     * check on the source port number.
+     *
+     * Since we use '--insert' to add rules to the header of the
+     * chain, we actually need to add them in the reverse of the
+     * order just mentioned !
+     */
+
+    /* First the generic masquerade rule for other protocols */
+    if (iptablesAddForwardMasquerade(driver->iptables,
+                                     &ipdef->address,
+                                     prefix,
+                                     forwardIf,
+                                     NULL) < 0) {
+        virReportError(VIR_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR,
+                       forwardIf ?
+                       _("failed to add iptables rule to enable masquerading to %s") :
+                       _("failed to add iptables rule to enable masquerading"),
+                       forwardIf);
+        goto masqerr3;
+    }
+
+    /* UDP with a source port restriction */
+    if (iptablesAddForwardMasquerade(driver->iptables,
+                                     &ipdef->address,
+                                     prefix,
+                                     forwardIf,
+                                     "udp") < 0) {
+        virReportError(VIR_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR,
+                       forwardIf ?
+                       _("failed to add iptables rule to enable UDP masquerading to %s") :
+                       _("failed to add iptables rule to enable UDP masquerading"),
+                       forwardIf);
+        goto masqerr4;
+    }
+
+    /* TCP with a source port restriction */
+    if (iptablesAddForwardMasquerade(driver->iptables,
+                                     &ipdef->address,
+                                     prefix,
+                                     forwardIf,
+                                     "tcp") < 0) {
+        virReportError(VIR_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR,
+                       forwardIf ?
+                       _("failed to add iptables rule to enable TCP masquerading to %s") :
+                       _("failed to add iptables rule to enable TCP masquerading"),
+                       forwardIf);
+        goto masqerr5;
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+
+ masqerr5:
+    iptablesRemoveForwardMasquerade(driver->iptables,
+                                    &ipdef->address,
+                                    prefix,
+                                    forwardIf,
+                                    "udp");
+ masqerr4:
+    iptablesRemoveForwardMasquerade(driver->iptables,
+                                    &ipdef->address,
+                                    prefix,
+                                    forwardIf,
+                                    NULL);
+ masqerr3:
+    iptablesRemoveForwardAllowRelatedIn(driver->iptables,
+                                        &ipdef->address,
+                                        prefix,
+                                        network->def->bridge,
+                                        forwardIf);
+ masqerr2:
+    iptablesRemoveForwardAllowOut(driver->iptables,
+                                  &ipdef->address,
+                                  prefix,
+                                  network->def->bridge,
+                                  forwardIf);
+ masqerr1:
+    return -1;
+}
+
+static void
+networkRemoveMasqueradingIptablesRules(struct network_driver *driver,
+                                       virNetworkObjPtr network,
+                                       virNetworkIpDefPtr ipdef)
+{
+    int prefix = virNetworkIpDefPrefix(ipdef);
+    const char *forwardIf = virNetworkDefForwardIf(network->def, 0);
+
+    if (prefix >= 0) {
+        iptablesRemoveForwardMasquerade(driver->iptables,
+                                        &ipdef->address,
+                                        prefix,
+                                        forwardIf,
+                                        "tcp");
+        iptablesRemoveForwardMasquerade(driver->iptables,
+                                        &ipdef->address,
+                                        prefix,
+                                        forwardIf,
+                                        "udp");
+        iptablesRemoveForwardMasquerade(driver->iptables,
+                                        &ipdef->address,
+                                        prefix,
+                                        forwardIf,
+                                        NULL);
+
+        iptablesRemoveForwardAllowRelatedIn(driver->iptables,
+                                            &ipdef->address,
+                                            prefix,
+                                            network->def->bridge,
+                                            forwardIf);
+        iptablesRemoveForwardAllowOut(driver->iptables,
+                                      &ipdef->address,
+                                      prefix,
+                                      network->def->bridge,
+                                      forwardIf);
+    }
+}
+
+static int
+networkAddRoutingIptablesRules(struct network_driver *driver,
+                               virNetworkObjPtr network,
+                               virNetworkIpDefPtr ipdef)
+{
+    int prefix = virNetworkIpDefPrefix(ipdef);
+    const char *forwardIf = virNetworkDefForwardIf(network->def, 0);
+
+    if (prefix < 0) {
+        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
+                       _("Invalid prefix or netmask for '%s'"),
+                       network->def->bridge);
+        goto routeerr1;
+    }
+
+    /* allow routing packets from the bridge interface */
+    if (iptablesAddForwardAllowOut(driver->iptables,
+                                   &ipdef->address,
+                                   prefix,
+                                   network->def->bridge,
+                                   forwardIf) < 0) {
+        virReportError(VIR_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR,
+                       _("failed to add iptables rule to allow routing from '%s'"),
+                       network->def->bridge);
+        goto routeerr1;
+    }
+
+    /* allow routing packets to the bridge interface */
+    if (iptablesAddForwardAllowIn(driver->iptables,
+                                  &ipdef->address,
+                                  prefix,
+                                  network->def->bridge,
+                                  forwardIf) < 0) {
+        virReportError(VIR_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR,
+                       _("failed to add iptables rule to allow routing to '%s'"),
+                       network->def->bridge);
+        goto routeerr2;
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+
+routeerr2:
+    iptablesRemoveForwardAllowOut(driver->iptables,
+                                  &ipdef->address,
+                                  prefix,
+                                  network->def->bridge,
+                                  forwardIf);
+routeerr1:
+    return -1;
+}
+
+static void
+networkRemoveRoutingIptablesRules(struct network_driver *driver,
+                                  virNetworkObjPtr network,
+                                  virNetworkIpDefPtr ipdef)
+{
+    int prefix = virNetworkIpDefPrefix(ipdef);
+    const char *forwardIf = virNetworkDefForwardIf(network->def, 0);
+
+    if (prefix >= 0) {
+        iptablesRemoveForwardAllowIn(driver->iptables,
+                                     &ipdef->address,
+                                     prefix,
+                                     network->def->bridge,
+                                     forwardIf);
+
+        iptablesRemoveForwardAllowOut(driver->iptables,
+                                      &ipdef->address,
+                                      prefix,
+                                      network->def->bridge,
+                                      forwardIf);
+    }
+}
+
+/* Add all once/network rules required for IPv6 (if any IPv6 addresses are defined) */
+static int
+networkAddGeneralIp6tablesRules(struct network_driver *driver,
+                               virNetworkObjPtr network)
+{
+
+    if (!virNetworkDefGetIpByIndex(network->def, AF_INET6, 0))
+        return 0;
+
+    /* Catch all rules to block forwarding to/from bridges */
+
+    if (iptablesAddForwardRejectOut(driver->iptables, AF_INET6,
+                                    network->def->bridge) < 0) {
+        virReportError(VIR_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR,
+                       _("failed to add ip6tables rule to block outbound traffic from '%s'"),
+                       network->def->bridge);
+        goto err1;
+    }
+
+    if (iptablesAddForwardRejectIn(driver->iptables, AF_INET6,
+                                   network->def->bridge) < 0) {
+        virReportError(VIR_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR,
+                       _("failed to add ip6tables rule to block inbound traffic to '%s'"),
+                       network->def->bridge);
+        goto err2;
+    }
+
+    /* Allow traffic between guests on the same bridge */
+    if (iptablesAddForwardAllowCross(driver->iptables, AF_INET6,
+                                     network->def->bridge) < 0) {
+        virReportError(VIR_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR,
+                       _("failed to add ip6tables rule to allow cross bridge traffic on '%s'"),
+                       network->def->bridge);
+        goto err3;
+    }
+
+    /* allow DNS over IPv6 */
+    if (iptablesAddTcpInput(driver->iptables, AF_INET6,
+                            network->def->bridge, 53) < 0) {
+        virReportError(VIR_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR,
+                       _("failed to add ip6tables rule to allow DNS requests from '%s'"),
+                       network->def->bridge);
+        goto err4;
+    }
+
+    if (iptablesAddUdpInput(driver->iptables, AF_INET6,
+                            network->def->bridge, 53) < 0) {
+        virReportError(VIR_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR,
+                       _("failed to add ip6tables rule to allow DNS requests from '%s'"),
+                       network->def->bridge);
+        goto err5;
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+
+    /* unwind in reverse order from the point of failure */
+err5:
+    iptablesRemoveTcpInput(driver->iptables, AF_INET6, network->def->bridge, 53);
+err4:
+    iptablesRemoveForwardAllowCross(driver->iptables, AF_INET6, network->def->bridge);
+err3:
+    iptablesRemoveForwardRejectIn(driver->iptables, AF_INET6, network->def->bridge);
+err2:
+    iptablesRemoveForwardRejectOut(driver->iptables, AF_INET6, network->def->bridge);
+err1:
+    return -1;
+}
+
+static void
+networkRemoveGeneralIp6tablesRules(struct network_driver *driver,
+                                  virNetworkObjPtr network)
+{
+    if (!virNetworkDefGetIpByIndex(network->def, AF_INET6, 0))
+        return;
+
+    iptablesRemoveUdpInput(driver->iptables, AF_INET6, network->def->bridge, 53);
+    iptablesRemoveTcpInput(driver->iptables, AF_INET6, network->def->bridge, 53);
+    iptablesRemoveForwardAllowCross(driver->iptables, AF_INET6, network->def->bridge);
+    iptablesRemoveForwardRejectIn(driver->iptables, AF_INET6, network->def->bridge);
+    iptablesRemoveForwardRejectOut(driver->iptables, AF_INET6, network->def->bridge);
+}
+
+static int
+networkAddGeneralIptablesRules(struct network_driver *driver,
+                               virNetworkObjPtr network)
+{
+    int ii;
+    virNetworkIpDefPtr ipv4def;
+
+    /* First look for first IPv4 address that has dhcp or tftpboot defined. */
+    /* We support dhcp config on 1 IPv4 interface only. */
+    for (ii = 0;
+         (ipv4def = virNetworkDefGetIpByIndex(network->def, AF_INET, ii));
+         ii++) {
+        if (ipv4def->nranges || ipv4def->nhosts || ipv4def->tftproot)
+            break;
+    }
+
+    /* allow DHCP requests through to dnsmasq */
+
+    if (iptablesAddTcpInput(driver->iptables, AF_INET,
+                            network->def->bridge, 67) < 0) {
+        virReportError(VIR_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR,
+                       _("failed to add iptables rule to allow DHCP requests from '%s'"),
+                       network->def->bridge);
+        goto err1;
+    }
+
+    if (iptablesAddUdpInput(driver->iptables, AF_INET,
+                            network->def->bridge, 67) < 0) {
+        virReportError(VIR_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR,
+                       _("failed to add iptables rule to allow DHCP requests from '%s'"),
+                       network->def->bridge);
+        goto err2;
+    }
+
+    /* If we are doing local DHCP service on this network, attempt to
+     * add a rule that will fixup the checksum of DHCP response
+     * packets back to the guests (but report failure without
+     * aborting, since not all iptables implementations support it).
+     */
+
+    if (ipv4def && (ipv4def->nranges || ipv4def->nhosts) &&
+        (iptablesAddOutputFixUdpChecksum(driver->iptables,
+                                         network->def->bridge, 68) < 0)) {
+        VIR_WARN("Could not add rule to fixup DHCP response checksums "
+                 "on network '%s'.", network->def->name);
+        VIR_WARN("May need to update iptables package & kernel to support CHECKSUM rule.");
+    }
+
+    /* allow DNS requests through to dnsmasq */
+    if (iptablesAddTcpInput(driver->iptables, AF_INET,
+                            network->def->bridge, 53) < 0) {
+        virReportError(VIR_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR,
+                       _("failed to add iptables rule to allow DNS requests from '%s'"),
+                       network->def->bridge);
+        goto err3;
+    }
+
+    if (iptablesAddUdpInput(driver->iptables, AF_INET,
+                            network->def->bridge, 53) < 0) {
+        virReportError(VIR_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR,
+                       _("failed to add iptables rule to allow DNS requests from '%s'"),
+                       network->def->bridge);
+        goto err4;
+    }
+
+    /* allow TFTP requests through to dnsmasq if necessary */
+    if (ipv4def && ipv4def->tftproot &&
+        iptablesAddUdpInput(driver->iptables, AF_INET,
+                            network->def->bridge, 69) < 0) {
+        virReportError(VIR_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR,
+                       _("failed to add iptables rule to allow TFTP requests from '%s'"),
+                       network->def->bridge);
+        goto err5;
+    }
+
+    /* Catch all rules to block forwarding to/from bridges */
+
+    if (iptablesAddForwardRejectOut(driver->iptables, AF_INET,
+                                    network->def->bridge) < 0) {
+        virReportError(VIR_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR,
+                       _("failed to add iptables rule to block outbound traffic from '%s'"),
+                       network->def->bridge);
+        goto err6;
+    }
+
+    if (iptablesAddForwardRejectIn(driver->iptables, AF_INET,
+                                   network->def->bridge) < 0) {
+        virReportError(VIR_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR,
+                       _("failed to add iptables rule to block inbound traffic to '%s'"),
+                       network->def->bridge);
+        goto err7;
+    }
+
+    /* Allow traffic between guests on the same bridge */
+    if (iptablesAddForwardAllowCross(driver->iptables, AF_INET,
+                                     network->def->bridge) < 0) {
+        virReportError(VIR_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR,
+                       _("failed to add iptables rule to allow cross bridge traffic on '%s'"),
+                       network->def->bridge);
+        goto err8;
+    }
+
+    /* add IPv6 general rules, if needed */
+    if (networkAddGeneralIp6tablesRules(driver, network) < 0) {
+        goto err9;
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+
+    /* unwind in reverse order from the point of failure */
+err9:
+    iptablesRemoveForwardAllowCross(driver->iptables, AF_INET, network->def->bridge);
+err8:
+    iptablesRemoveForwardRejectIn(driver->iptables, AF_INET, network->def->bridge);
+err7:
+    iptablesRemoveForwardRejectOut(driver->iptables, AF_INET, network->def->bridge);
+err6:
+    if (ipv4def && ipv4def->tftproot) {
+        iptablesRemoveUdpInput(driver->iptables, AF_INET, network->def->bridge, 69);
+    }
+err5:
+    iptablesRemoveUdpInput(driver->iptables, AF_INET, network->def->bridge, 53);
+err4:
+    iptablesRemoveTcpInput(driver->iptables, AF_INET, network->def->bridge, 53);
+err3:
+    iptablesRemoveUdpInput(driver->iptables, AF_INET, network->def->bridge, 67);
+err2:
+    iptablesRemoveTcpInput(driver->iptables, AF_INET, network->def->bridge, 67);
+err1:
+    return -1;
+}
+
+static void
+networkRemoveGeneralIptablesRules(struct network_driver *driver,
+                                  virNetworkObjPtr network)
+{
+#if 0
+    int ii;
+    virNetworkIpDefPtr ipv4def;
+
+    networkRemoveGeneralIp6tablesRules(driver, network);
+
+    for (ii = 0;
+         (ipv4def = virNetworkDefGetIpByIndex(network->def, AF_INET, ii));
+         ii++) {
+        if (ipv4def->nranges || ipv4def->nhosts || ipv4def->tftproot)
+            break;
+    }
+
+    iptablesRemoveForwardAllowCross(driver->iptables, AF_INET, network->def->bridge);
+    iptablesRemoveForwardRejectIn(driver->iptables, AF_INET, network->def->bridge);
+    iptablesRemoveForwardRejectOut(driver->iptables, AF_INET, network->def->bridge);
+    if (ipv4def && ipv4def->tftproot) {
+        iptablesRemoveUdpInput(driver->iptables, AF_INET, network->def->bridge, 69);
+    }
+    iptablesRemoveUdpInput(driver->iptables, AF_INET, network->def->bridge, 53);
+    iptablesRemoveTcpInput(driver->iptables, AF_INET, network->def->bridge, 53);
+    if (ipv4def && (ipv4def->nranges || ipv4def->nhosts)) {
+        iptablesRemoveOutputFixUdpChecksum(driver->iptables,
+                                           network->def->bridge, 68);
+    }
+    iptablesRemoveUdpInput(driver->iptables, AF_INET, network->def->bridge, 67);
+    iptablesRemoveTcpInput(driver->iptables, AF_INET, network->def->bridge, 67);
+#endif
+}
+
+static int
+networkAddIpSpecificIptablesRules(struct network_driver *driver,
+                                  virNetworkObjPtr network,
+                                  virNetworkIpDefPtr ipdef)
+{
+    /* NB: in the case of IPv6, routing rules are added when the
+     * forward mode is NAT. This is because IPv6 has no NAT.
+     */
+
+    if (network->def->forwardType == VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_NAT) {
+        if (VIR_SOCKET_ADDR_IS_FAMILY(&ipdef->address, AF_INET))
+            return networkAddMasqueradingIptablesRules(driver, network, ipdef);
+        else if (VIR_SOCKET_ADDR_IS_FAMILY(&ipdef->address, AF_INET6))
+            return networkAddRoutingIptablesRules(driver, network, ipdef);
+    } else if (network->def->forwardType == VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_ROUTE) {
+        return networkAddRoutingIptablesRules(driver, network, ipdef);
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static void
+networkRemoveIpSpecificIptablesRules(struct network_driver *driver,
+                                     virNetworkObjPtr network,
+                                     virNetworkIpDefPtr ipdef)
+{
+#if 0
+    if (network->def->forwardType == VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_NAT) {
+        if (VIR_SOCKET_ADDR_IS_FAMILY(&ipdef->address, AF_INET))
+            networkRemoveMasqueradingIptablesRules(driver, network, ipdef);
+        else if (VIR_SOCKET_ADDR_IS_FAMILY(&ipdef->address, AF_INET6))
+            networkRemoveRoutingIptablesRules(driver, network, ipdef);
+    } else if (network->def->forwardType == VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_ROUTE) {
+        networkRemoveRoutingIptablesRules(driver, network, ipdef);
+    }
+#endif
+}
+
+/* Add all rules for all ip addresses (and general rules) on a network */
+static int
+networkAddIptablesRules(struct network_driver *driver,
+                        virNetworkObjPtr network)
+{
+    int ii;
+    virNetworkIpDefPtr ipdef;
+
+    /* Add "once per network" rules */
+    if (networkAddGeneralIptablesRules(driver, network) < 0)
+        return -1;
+
+    for (ii = 0;
+         (ipdef = virNetworkDefGetIpByIndex(network->def, AF_UNSPEC, ii));
+         ii++) {
+        /* Add address-specific iptables rules */
+        if (networkAddIpSpecificIptablesRules(driver, network, ipdef) < 0) {
+            goto err;
+        }
+    }
+    return 0;
+
+err:
+    /* The final failed call to networkAddIpSpecificIptablesRules will
+     * have removed any rules it created, but we need to remove those
+     * added for previous IP addresses.
+     */
+    while ((--ii >= 0) &&
+           (ipdef = virNetworkDefGetIpByIndex(network->def, AF_UNSPEC, ii))) {
+        networkRemoveIpSpecificIptablesRules(driver, network, ipdef);
+    }
+    networkRemoveGeneralIptablesRules(driver, network);
+    return -1;
+}
+
+/* Remove all rules for all ip addresses (and general rules) on a network */
+static void
+networkRemoveIptablesRules(struct network_driver *driver,
+                           virNetworkObjPtr network)
+{
+    int ii;
+    virNetworkIpDefPtr ipdef;
+
+    for (ii = 0;
+         (ipdef = virNetworkDefGetIpByIndex(network->def, AF_UNSPEC, ii));
+         ii++) {
+        networkRemoveIpSpecificIptablesRules(driver, network, ipdef);
+    }
+    networkRemoveGeneralIptablesRules(driver, network);
+}
+
+static void
+networkReloadIptablesRules(struct network_driver *driver)
+{
+#if 0
+    unsigned int i;
+
+    VIR_INFO("Reloading iptables rules");
+
+    for (i = 0 ; i < driver->networks.count ; i++) {
+        virNetworkObjPtr network = driver->networks.objs[i];
+
+        virNetworkObjLock(network);
+        if (virNetworkObjIsActive(network) &&
+            ((network->def->forwardType == VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_NONE) ||
+             (network->def->forwardType == VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_NAT) ||
+             (network->def->forwardType == VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_ROUTE))) {
+            /* Only the three L3 network types that are configured by libvirt
+             * need to have iptables rules reloaded.
+             */
+            networkRemoveIptablesRules(driver, network);
+            if (networkAddIptablesRules(driver, network) < 0) {
+                /* failed to add but already logged */
+            }
+        }
+        virNetworkObjUnlock(network);
+    }
+#endif
+}
+
+/* Enable IP Forwarding. Return 0 for success, -1 for failure. */
+static int
+networkEnableIpForwarding(bool enableIPv4, bool enableIPv6)
+{
+
+    int ret = 0;
+    const char *v4_forwarding = "net.inet.ip.forwarding";
+    const char *v6_forwarding = "net.inet6.ip6.forwarding";
+    int enabled = 1;
+
+    if (enableIPv4)
+        ret = sysctlbyname(v4_forwarding, NULL, NULL, &enabled, sizeof enabled);
+    if (enableIPv6 && ret == 0)
+        ret = sysctlbyname(v6_forwarding, NULL, NULL, &enabled, sizeof enabled);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+#define SYSCTL_PATH "/proc/sys"
+
+static int
+networkSetIPv6Sysctls(virNetworkObjPtr network)
+{
+    char *field = NULL;
+    int ret = -1;
+
+    if (!virNetworkDefGetIpByIndex(network->def, AF_INET6, 0)) {
+        /* Only set disable_ipv6 if there are no ipv6 addresses defined for
+         * the network.
+         */
+        if (virAsprintf(&field, SYSCTL_PATH "/net/ipv6/conf/%s/disable_ipv6",
+                        network->def->bridge) < 0) {
+            virReportOOMError();
+            goto cleanup;
+        }
+
+        if (access(field, W_OK) < 0 && errno == ENOENT) {
+            VIR_DEBUG("ipv6 appears to already be disabled on %s",
+                      network->def->bridge);
+            ret = 0;
+            goto cleanup;
+        }
+
+        if (virFileWriteStr(field, "1", 0) < 0) {
+            virReportSystemError(errno,
+                                 _("cannot write to %s to disable IPv6 on bridge %s"),
+                                 field, network->def->bridge);
+            goto cleanup;
+        }
+        VIR_FREE(field);
+    }
+
+    /* The rest of the ipv6 sysctl tunables should always be set,
+     * whether or not we're using ipv6 on this bridge.
+     */
+
+    /* Prevent guests from hijacking the host network by sending out
+     * their own router advertisements.
+     */
+    if (virAsprintf(&field, SYSCTL_PATH "/net/ipv6/conf/%s/accept_ra",
+                    network->def->bridge) < 0) {
+        virReportOOMError();
+        goto cleanup;
+    }
+
+    if (virFileWriteStr(field, "0", 0) < 0) {
+        virReportSystemError(errno,
+                             _("cannot disable %s"), field);
+        goto cleanup;
+    }
+    VIR_FREE(field);
+
+    /* All interfaces used as a gateway (which is what this is, by
+     * definition), must always have autoconf=0.
+     */
+    if (virAsprintf(&field, SYSCTL_PATH "/net/ipv6/conf/%s/autoconf",
+                    network->def->bridge) < 0) {
+        virReportOOMError();
+        goto cleanup;
+    }
+
+    if (virFileWriteStr(field, "0", 0) < 0) {
+        virReportSystemError(errno,
+                             _("cannot disable %s"), field);
+        goto cleanup;
+    }
+
+    ret = 0;
+cleanup:
+    VIR_FREE(field);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+#define PROC_NET_ROUTE "/proc/net/route"
+
+/* XXX: This function can be a lot more exhaustive, there are certainly
+ *      other scenarios where we can ruin host network connectivity.
+ * XXX: Using a proper library is preferred over parsing /proc
+ */
+static int
+networkCheckRouteCollision(virNetworkObjPtr network)
+{
+#if 0
+    int ret = 0, len;
+    char *cur, *buf = NULL;
+    enum {MAX_ROUTE_SIZE = 1024*64};
+
+    /* Read whole routing table into memory */
+    if ((len = virFileReadAll(PROC_NET_ROUTE, MAX_ROUTE_SIZE, &buf)) < 0)
+        goto out;
+
+    /* Dropping the last character shouldn't hurt */
+    if (len > 0)
+        buf[len-1] = '\0';
+
+    VIR_DEBUG("%s output:\n%s", PROC_NET_ROUTE, buf);
+
+    if (!STRPREFIX (buf, "Iface"))
+        goto out;
+
+    /* First line is just headings, skip it */
+    cur = strchr(buf, '\n');
+    if (cur)
+        cur++;
+
+    while (cur) {
+        char iface[17], dest[128], mask[128];
+        unsigned int addr_val, mask_val;
+        virNetworkIpDefPtr ipdef;
+        int num, ii;
+
+        /* NUL-terminate the line, so sscanf doesn't go beyond a newline.  */
+        char *nl = strchr(cur, '\n');
+        if (nl) {
+            *nl++ = '\0';
+        }
+
+        num = sscanf(cur, "%16s %127s %*s %*s %*s %*s %*s %127s",
+                     iface, dest, mask);
+        cur = nl;
+
+        if (num != 3) {
+            VIR_DEBUG("Failed to parse %s", PROC_NET_ROUTE);
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        if (virStrToLong_ui(dest, NULL, 16, &addr_val) < 0) {
+            VIR_DEBUG("Failed to convert network address %s to uint", dest);
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        if (virStrToLong_ui(mask, NULL, 16, &mask_val) < 0) {
+            VIR_DEBUG("Failed to convert network mask %s to uint", mask);
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        addr_val &= mask_val;
+
+        for (ii = 0;
+             (ipdef = virNetworkDefGetIpByIndex(network->def, AF_INET, ii));
+             ii++) {
+
+            unsigned int net_dest;
+            virSocketAddr netmask;
+
+            if (virNetworkIpDefNetmask(ipdef, &netmask) < 0) {
+                VIR_WARN("Failed to get netmask of '%s'",
+                         network->def->bridge);
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            net_dest = (ipdef->address.data.inet4.sin_addr.s_addr &
+                        netmask.data.inet4.sin_addr.s_addr);
+
+            if ((net_dest == addr_val) &&
+                (netmask.data.inet4.sin_addr.s_addr == mask_val)) {
+                virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
+                               _("Network is already in use by interface %s"),
+                               iface);
+                ret = -1;
+                goto out;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+out:
+    VIR_FREE(buf);
+    return ret;
+#endif
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int
+networkAddAddrToBridge(virNetworkObjPtr network,
+                       virNetworkIpDefPtr ipdef)
+{
+    int prefix = virNetworkIpDefPrefix(ipdef);
+
+    if (prefix < 0) {
+        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
+                       _("bridge '%s' has an invalid netmask or IP address"),
+                       network->def->bridge);
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    if (virNetDevSetIPv4Address(network->def->bridge,
+                                &ipdef->address, prefix) < 0)
+        return -1;
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int
+networkStartNetworkVirtual(struct network_driver *driver,
+                          virNetworkObjPtr network)
+{
+    int ii;
+    bool v4present = false, v6present = false;
+    virErrorPtr save_err = NULL;
+    virNetworkIpDefPtr ipdef;
+    char *macTapIfName = NULL;
+    int tapfd = -1;
+
+    /* Check to see if any network IP collides with an existing route */
+    if (networkCheckRouteCollision(network) < 0)
+        return -1;
+
+    /* Create and configure the bridge device */
+    if (virNetDevBridgeCreate(network->def->bridge) < 0)
+        return -1;
+
+    if (network->def->mac_specified) {
+        /* To set a mac for the bridge, we need to define a dummy tap
+         * device, set its mac, then attach it to the bridge. As long
+         * as its mac address is lower than any other interface that
+         * gets attached, the bridge will always maintain this mac
+         * address.
+         */
+        macTapIfName = networkBridgeDummyNicName(network->def->bridge);
+        if (!macTapIfName) {
+            virReportOOMError();
+            goto err0;
+        }
+        /* Keep tun fd open and interface up to allow for IPv6 DAD to happen */
+        if (virNetDevTapCreateInBridgePort(network->def->bridge,
+                                           &macTapIfName, &network->def->mac,
+                                           NULL, &tapfd, NULL, NULL,
+                                           VIR_NETDEV_TAP_CREATE_USE_MAC_FOR_BRIDGE |
+                                           VIR_NETDEV_TAP_CREATE_IFUP |
+                                           VIR_NETDEV_TAP_CREATE_PERSIST) < 0) {
+            VIR_FREE(macTapIfName);
+            goto err0;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* Set bridge options */
+
+    /* delay is configured in seconds, but virNetDevBridgeSetSTPDelay
+     * expects milliseconds
+     */
+    if (virNetDevBridgeSetSTPDelay(network->def->bridge,
+                                   network->def->delay * 1000) < 0)
+        goto err1;
+
+    if (virNetDevBridgeSetSTP(network->def->bridge,
+                              network->def->stp ? true : false) < 0)
+        goto err1;
+
+    /* Disable IPv6 on the bridge if there are no IPv6 addresses
+     * defined, and set other IPv6 sysctl tunables appropriately.
+     */
+    if (networkSetIPv6Sysctls(network) < 0)
+        goto err1;
+
+
+    /* Add "once per network" rules */
+    /* TODO: implement FreeBSD firewalling */
+#if 0
+    if (networkAddIptablesRules(driver, network) < 0)
+        goto err1;
+#endif
+    for (ii = 0;
+         (ipdef = virNetworkDefGetIpByIndex(network->def, AF_UNSPEC, ii));
+         ii++) {
+        if (VIR_SOCKET_ADDR_IS_FAMILY(&ipdef->address, AF_INET))
+            v4present = true;
+        if (VIR_SOCKET_ADDR_IS_FAMILY(&ipdef->address, AF_INET6))
+            v6present = true;
+
+        /* Add the IP address/netmask to the bridge */
+        if (networkAddAddrToBridge(network, ipdef) < 0) {
+            goto err2;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* Bring up the bridge interface */
+    if (virNetDevSetOnline(network->def->bridge, 1) < 0)
+        goto err2;
+
+    /* If forwardType != NONE, turn on global IP forwarding */
+    if (network->def->forwardType != VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_NONE &&
+        networkEnableIpForwarding(v4present, v6present) < 0) {
+        virReportSystemError(errno, "%s",
+                             _("failed to enable IP forwarding"));
+        goto err3;
+    }
+
+
+    /* start dnsmasq if there are any IP addresses (v4 or v6) */
+    if ((v4present || v6present) &&
+        networkStartDhcpDaemon(driver, network) < 0)
+        goto err3;
+
+    /* start radvd if there are any ipv6 addresses */
+    if (v6present && networkStartRadvd(network) < 0)
+        goto err4;
+
+    /* DAD has happened (dnsmasq waits for it), dnsmasq is now bound to the
+     * bridge's IPv6 address, so we can now set the dummy tun down.
+     */
+    if (tapfd >= 0) {
+        if (virNetDevSetOnline(macTapIfName, false) < 0)
+            goto err4;
+        VIR_FORCE_CLOSE(tapfd);
+    }
+
+    if (virNetDevBandwidthSet(network->def->bridge, network->def->bandwidth) < 0) {
+        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
+                       _("cannot set bandwidth limits on %s"),
+                       network->def->bridge);
+        goto err5;
+    }
+
+    VIR_FREE(macTapIfName);
+
+    return 0;
+
+ err5:
+    virNetDevBandwidthClear(network->def->bridge);
+
+ err4:
+    if (!save_err)
+        save_err = virSaveLastError();
+
+    if (network->dnsmasqPid > 0) {
+        kill(network->dnsmasqPid, SIGTERM);
+        network->dnsmasqPid = -1;
+    }
+
+ err3:
+    if (!save_err)
+        save_err = virSaveLastError();
+    ignore_value(virNetDevSetOnline(network->def->bridge, 0));
+
+ err2:
+    if (!save_err)
+        save_err = virSaveLastError();
+    networkRemoveIptablesRules(driver, network);
+
+ err1:
+    if (!save_err)
+        save_err = virSaveLastError();
+
+    if (macTapIfName) {
+        VIR_FORCE_CLOSE(tapfd);
+        ignore_value(virNetDevTapDelete(macTapIfName));
+        VIR_FREE(macTapIfName);
+    }
+
+ err0:
+    if (!save_err)
+        save_err = virSaveLastError();
+    ignore_value(virNetDevBridgeDelete(network->def->bridge));
+
+    if (save_err) {
+        virSetError(save_err);
+        virFreeError(save_err);
+    }
+    return -1;
+}
+
+static int networkShutdownNetworkVirtual(struct network_driver *driver,
+                                        virNetworkObjPtr network)
+{
+    virNetDevBandwidthClear(network->def->bridge);
+
+    if (network->radvdPid > 0) {
+        char *radvdpidbase;
+
+        kill(network->radvdPid, SIGTERM);
+        /* attempt to delete the pidfile we created */
+        if (!(radvdpidbase = networkRadvdPidfileBasename(network->def->name))) {
+            virReportOOMError();
+        } else {
+            virPidFileDelete(NETWORK_PID_DIR, radvdpidbase);
+            VIR_FREE(radvdpidbase);
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (network->dnsmasqPid > 0)
+        kill(network->dnsmasqPid, SIGTERM);
+
+    if (network->def->mac_specified) {
+        char *macTapIfName = networkBridgeDummyNicName(network->def->bridge);
+        if (!macTapIfName) {
+            virReportOOMError();
+        } else {
+            ignore_value(virNetDevTapDelete(macTapIfName));
+            VIR_FREE(macTapIfName);
+        }
+    }
+
+    ignore_value(virNetDevSetOnline(network->def->bridge, 0));
+
+    /* TODO */
+    /* networkRemoveIptablesRules(driver, network);*/
+
+    ignore_value(virNetDevBridgeDelete(network->def->bridge));
+
+    /* See if its still alive and really really kill it */
+    if (network->dnsmasqPid > 0 &&
+        (kill(network->dnsmasqPid, 0) == 0))
+        kill(network->dnsmasqPid, SIGKILL);
+    network->dnsmasqPid = -1;
+
+    if (network->radvdPid > 0 &&
+        (kill(network->radvdPid, 0) == 0))
+        kill(network->radvdPid, SIGKILL);
+    network->radvdPid = -1;
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int
+networkStartNetworkExternal(struct network_driver *driver ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
+                            virNetworkObjPtr network ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
+{
+    /* put anything here that needs to be done each time a network of
+     * type BRIDGE, PRIVATE, VEPA, HOSTDEV or PASSTHROUGH is started. On
+     * failure, undo anything you've done, and return -1. On success
+     * return 0.
+     */
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int networkShutdownNetworkExternal(struct network_driver *driver ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
+                                        virNetworkObjPtr network ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
+{
+    /* put anything here that needs to be done each time a network of
+     * type BRIDGE, PRIVATE, VEPA, HOSTDEV or PASSTHROUGH is shutdown. On
+     * failure, undo anything you've done, and return -1. On success
+     * return 0.
+     */
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int
+networkStartNetwork(struct network_driver *driver,
+                    virNetworkObjPtr network)
+{
+    int ret = 0;
+
+    if (virNetworkObjIsActive(network)) {
+        virReportError(VIR_ERR_OPERATION_INVALID,
+                       "%s", _("network is already active"));
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    if (virNetworkObjSetDefTransient(network, true) < 0)
+        return -1;
+
+    switch (network->def->forwardType) {
+
+    case VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_NONE:
+    case VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_NAT:
+    case VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_ROUTE:
+        ret = networkStartNetworkVirtual(driver, network);
+        break;
+
+    case VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_BRIDGE:
+    case VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_PRIVATE:
+    case VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_VEPA:
+    case VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_PASSTHROUGH:
+    case VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_HOSTDEV:
+        ret = networkStartNetworkExternal(driver, network);
+        break;
+    }
+
+    if (ret < 0) {
+        virNetworkObjUnsetDefTransient(network);
+        return ret;
+    }
+
+    /* Persist the live configuration now that anything autogenerated
+     * is setup.
+     */
+    if ((ret = virNetworkSaveStatus(NETWORK_STATE_DIR, network)) < 0) {
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    VIR_INFO("Starting up network '%s'", network->def->name);
+    network->active = 1;
+
+error:
+    if (ret < 0) {
+        virErrorPtr save_err = virSaveLastError();
+        int save_errno = errno;
+        networkShutdownNetwork(driver, network);
+        virSetError(save_err);
+        virFreeError(save_err);
+        errno = save_errno;
+    }
+    return ret;
+}
+
+static int networkShutdownNetwork(struct network_driver *driver,
+                                        virNetworkObjPtr network)
+{
+    int ret = 0;
+    char *stateFile;
+
+    VIR_INFO("Shutting down network '%s'", network->def->name);
+
+    if (!virNetworkObjIsActive(network))
+        return 0;
+
+    stateFile = virNetworkConfigFile(NETWORK_STATE_DIR, network->def->name);
+    if (!stateFile)
+        return -1;
+
+    unlink(stateFile);
+    VIR_FREE(stateFile);
+
+    switch (network->def->forwardType) {
+
+    case VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_NONE:
+    case VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_NAT:
+    case VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_ROUTE:
+        ret = networkShutdownNetworkVirtual(driver, network);
+        break;
+
+    case VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_BRIDGE:
+    case VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_PRIVATE:
+    case VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_VEPA:
+    case VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_PASSTHROUGH:
+    case VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_HOSTDEV:
+        ret = networkShutdownNetworkExternal(driver, network);
+        break;
+    }
+
+    network->active = 0;
+    virNetworkObjUnsetDefTransient(network);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+
+static virNetworkPtr networkLookupByUUID(virConnectPtr conn,
+                                         const unsigned char *uuid) {
+    struct network_driver *driver = conn->networkPrivateData;
+    virNetworkObjPtr network;
+    virNetworkPtr ret = NULL;
+
+    networkDriverLock(driver);
+    network = virNetworkFindByUUID(&driver->networks, uuid);
+    networkDriverUnlock(driver);
+    if (!network) {
+        virReportError(VIR_ERR_NO_NETWORK,
+                       "%s", _("no network with matching uuid"));
+        goto cleanup;
+    }
+
+    ret = virGetNetwork(conn, network->def->name, network->def->uuid);
+
+cleanup:
+    if (network)
+        virNetworkObjUnlock(network);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+static virNetworkPtr networkLookupByName(virConnectPtr conn,
+                                         const char *name) {
+    struct network_driver *driver = conn->networkPrivateData;
+    virNetworkObjPtr network;
+    virNetworkPtr ret = NULL;
+
+    networkDriverLock(driver);
+    network = virNetworkFindByName(&driver->networks, name);
+    networkDriverUnlock(driver);
+    if (!network) {
+        virReportError(VIR_ERR_NO_NETWORK,
+                       _("no network with matching name '%s'"), name);
+        goto cleanup;
+    }
+
+    ret = virGetNetwork(conn, network->def->name, network->def->uuid);
+
+cleanup:
+    if (network)
+        virNetworkObjUnlock(network);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+static virDrvOpenStatus networkOpenNetwork(virConnectPtr conn,
+                                           virConnectAuthPtr auth ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
+                                           unsigned int flags)
+{
+    virCheckFlags(VIR_CONNECT_RO, VIR_DRV_OPEN_ERROR);
+
+    if (!driverState)
+        return VIR_DRV_OPEN_DECLINED;
+
+    conn->networkPrivateData = driverState;
+    return VIR_DRV_OPEN_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+static int networkCloseNetwork(virConnectPtr conn) {
+    conn->networkPrivateData = NULL;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int networkNumNetworks(virConnectPtr conn) {
+    int nactive = 0, i;
+    struct network_driver *driver = conn->networkPrivateData;
+
+    networkDriverLock(driver);
+    for (i = 0 ; i < driver->networks.count ; i++) {
+        virNetworkObjLock(driver->networks.objs[i]);
+        if (virNetworkObjIsActive(driver->networks.objs[i]))
+            nactive++;
+        virNetworkObjUnlock(driver->networks.objs[i]);
+    }
+    networkDriverUnlock(driver);
+
+    return nactive;
+}
+
+static int networkListNetworks(virConnectPtr conn, char **const names, int nnames) {
+    struct network_driver *driver = conn->networkPrivateData;
+    int got = 0, i;
+
+    networkDriverLock(driver);
+    for (i = 0 ; i < driver->networks.count && got < nnames ; i++) {
+        virNetworkObjLock(driver->networks.objs[i]);
+        if (virNetworkObjIsActive(driver->networks.objs[i])) {
+            if (!(names[got] = strdup(driver->networks.objs[i]->def->name))) {
+                virNetworkObjUnlock(driver->networks.objs[i]);
+                virReportOOMError();
+                goto cleanup;
+            }
+            got++;
+        }
+        virNetworkObjUnlock(driver->networks.objs[i]);
+    }
+    networkDriverUnlock(driver);
+
+    return got;
+
+ cleanup:
+    networkDriverUnlock(driver);
+    for (i = 0 ; i < got ; i++)
+        VIR_FREE(names[i]);
+    return -1;
+}
+
+static int networkNumDefinedNetworks(virConnectPtr conn) {
+    int ninactive = 0, i;
+    struct network_driver *driver = conn->networkPrivateData;
+
+    networkDriverLock(driver);
+    for (i = 0 ; i < driver->networks.count ; i++) {
+        virNetworkObjLock(driver->networks.objs[i]);
+        if (!virNetworkObjIsActive(driver->networks.objs[i]))
+            ninactive++;
+        virNetworkObjUnlock(driver->networks.objs[i]);
+    }
+    networkDriverUnlock(driver);
+
+    return ninactive;
+}
+
+static int networkListDefinedNetworks(virConnectPtr conn, char **const names, int nnames) {
+    struct network_driver *driver = conn->networkPrivateData;
+    int got = 0, i;
+
+    networkDriverLock(driver);
+    for (i = 0 ; i < driver->networks.count && got < nnames ; i++) {
+        virNetworkObjLock(driver->networks.objs[i]);
+        if (!virNetworkObjIsActive(driver->networks.objs[i])) {
+            if (!(names[got] = strdup(driver->networks.objs[i]->def->name))) {
+                virNetworkObjUnlock(driver->networks.objs[i]);
+                virReportOOMError();
+                goto cleanup;
+            }
+            got++;
+        }
+        virNetworkObjUnlock(driver->networks.objs[i]);
+    }
+    networkDriverUnlock(driver);
+    return got;
+
+ cleanup:
+    networkDriverUnlock(driver);
+    for (i = 0 ; i < got ; i++)
+        VIR_FREE(names[i]);
+    return -1;
+}
+
+static int
+networkListAllNetworks(virConnectPtr conn,
+                       virNetworkPtr **nets,
+                       unsigned int flags)
+{
+    struct network_driver *driver = conn->networkPrivateData;
+    int ret = -1;
+
+    virCheckFlags(VIR_CONNECT_LIST_NETWORKS_FILTERS_ALL, -1);
+
+    networkDriverLock(driver);
+    ret = virNetworkList(conn, driver->networks, nets, flags);
+    networkDriverUnlock(driver);
+
+    return ret;
+}
+
+static int networkIsActive(virNetworkPtr net)
+{
+    struct network_driver *driver = net->conn->networkPrivateData;
+    virNetworkObjPtr obj;
+    int ret = -1;
+
+    networkDriverLock(driver);
+    obj = virNetworkFindByUUID(&driver->networks, net->uuid);
+    networkDriverUnlock(driver);
+    if (!obj) {
+        virReportError(VIR_ERR_NO_NETWORK, NULL);
+        goto cleanup;
+    }
+    ret = virNetworkObjIsActive(obj);
+
+cleanup:
+    if (obj)
+        virNetworkObjUnlock(obj);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+static int networkIsPersistent(virNetworkPtr net)
+{
+    struct network_driver *driver = net->conn->networkPrivateData;
+    virNetworkObjPtr obj;
+    int ret = -1;
+
+    networkDriverLock(driver);
+    obj = virNetworkFindByUUID(&driver->networks, net->uuid);
+    networkDriverUnlock(driver);
+    if (!obj) {
+        virReportError(VIR_ERR_NO_NETWORK, NULL);
+        goto cleanup;
+    }
+    ret = obj->persistent;
+
+cleanup:
+    if (obj)
+        virNetworkObjUnlock(obj);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+
+static int
+networkValidate(virNetworkDefPtr def)
+{
+    int ii;
+    bool vlanUsed, vlanAllowed, badVlanUse = false;
+    virPortGroupDefPtr defaultPortGroup = NULL;
+
+    /* The only type of networks that currently support transparent
+     * vlan configuration are those using hostdev sr-iov devices from
+     * a pool, and those using an Open vSwitch bridge.
+     */
+
+    vlanAllowed = (def->forwardType == VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_BRIDGE &&
+                   def->virtPortProfile &&
+                   def->virtPortProfile->virtPortType == VIR_NETDEV_VPORT_PROFILE_OPENVSWITCH);
+
+    vlanUsed = def->vlan.nTags > 0;
+    for (ii = 0; ii < def->nPortGroups; ii++) {
+        if (vlanUsed || def->portGroups[ii].vlan.nTags > 0) {
+            /* anyone using this portgroup will get a vlan tag. Verify
+             * that they will also be using an openvswitch connection,
+             * as that is the only type of network that currently
+             * supports a vlan tag.
+             */
+            if (def->portGroups[ii].virtPortProfile) {
+                if (def->forwardType != VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_BRIDGE ||
+                    def->portGroups[ii].virtPortProfile->virtPortType
+                    != VIR_NETDEV_VPORT_PROFILE_OPENVSWITCH) {
+                    badVlanUse = true;
+                }
+            } else if (!vlanAllowed) {
+                /* virtualport taken from base network definition */
+                badVlanUse = true;
+            }
+        }
+        if (def->portGroups[ii].isDefault) {
+            if (defaultPortGroup) {
+                virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
+                               _("network '%s' has multiple default "
+                                 "<portgroup> elements (%s and %s), "
+                                 "but only one default is allowed"),
+                               def->name, defaultPortGroup->name,
+                               def->portGroups[ii].name);
+                return -1;
+            }
+            defaultPortGroup = &def->portGroups[ii];
+        }
+    }
+    if (badVlanUse ||
+        (vlanUsed && !vlanAllowed && !defaultPortGroup)) {
+        /* NB: if defaultPortGroup is set, we don't directly look at
+         * vlanUsed && !vlanAllowed, because the network will never be
+         * used without having a portgroup added in, so all necessary
+         * checks were done in the loop above.
+         */
+        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
+                       _("<vlan> element specified for network %s, "
+                         "whose type doesn't support vlan configuration"),
+                       def->name);
+        return -1;
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static virNetworkPtr networkCreate(virConnectPtr conn, const char *xml) {
+    struct network_driver *driver = conn->networkPrivateData;
+    virNetworkDefPtr def;
+    virNetworkObjPtr network = NULL;
+    virNetworkPtr ret = NULL;
+
+    networkDriverLock(driver);
+
+    if (!(def = virNetworkDefParseString(xml)))
+        goto cleanup;
+
+    if (virNetworkObjIsDuplicate(&driver->networks, def, 1) < 0)
+        goto cleanup;
+
+    /* Only the three L3 network types that are configured by libvirt
+     * need to have a bridge device name / mac address provided
+     */
+    if (def->forwardType == VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_NONE ||
+        def->forwardType == VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_NAT ||
+        def->forwardType == VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_ROUTE) {
+
+        if (virNetworkSetBridgeName(&driver->networks, def, 1))
+            goto cleanup;
+
+        virNetworkSetBridgeMacAddr(def);
+    }
+
+    if (networkValidate(def) < 0)
+       goto cleanup;
+
+    /* NB: "live" is false because this transient network hasn't yet
+     * been started
+     */
+    if (!(network = virNetworkAssignDef(&driver->networks, def, false)))
+        goto cleanup;
+    def = NULL;
+
+    if (networkStartNetwork(driver, network) < 0) {
+        virNetworkRemoveInactive(&driver->networks,
+                                 network);
+        network = NULL;
+        goto cleanup;
+    }
+
+    VIR_INFO("Creating network '%s'", network->def->name);
+    ret = virGetNetwork(conn, network->def->name, network->def->uuid);
+
+cleanup:
+    virNetworkDefFree(def);
+    if (network)
+        virNetworkObjUnlock(network);
+    networkDriverUnlock(driver);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+static virNetworkPtr networkDefine(virConnectPtr conn, const char *xml) {
+    struct network_driver *driver = conn->networkPrivateData;
+    virNetworkIpDefPtr ipdef, ipv4def = NULL;
+    virNetworkDefPtr def;
+    bool freeDef = true;
+    virNetworkObjPtr network = NULL;
+    virNetworkPtr ret = NULL;
+    int ii;
+    dnsmasqContext* dctx = NULL;
+
+    networkDriverLock(driver);
+
+    if (!(def = virNetworkDefParseString(xml)))
+        goto cleanup;
+
+    if (virNetworkObjIsDuplicate(&driver->networks, def, 0) < 0)
+        goto cleanup;
+
+    /* Only the three L3 network types that are configured by libvirt
+     * need to have a bridge device name / mac address provided
+     */
+    if (def->forwardType == VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_NONE ||
+        def->forwardType == VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_NAT ||
+        def->forwardType == VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_ROUTE) {
+
+        if (virNetworkSetBridgeName(&driver->networks, def, 1))
+            goto cleanup;
+
+        virNetworkSetBridgeMacAddr(def);
+    }
+
+    /* We only support dhcp on one IPv4 address per defined network */
+    for (ii = 0;
+         (ipdef = virNetworkDefGetIpByIndex(def, AF_UNSPEC, ii));
+         ii++) {
+        if (VIR_SOCKET_ADDR_IS_FAMILY(&ipdef->address, AF_INET)) {
+            if (ipdef->nranges || ipdef->nhosts) {
+                if (ipv4def) {
+                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
+                                   _("Multiple dhcp sections found. "
+                                     "dhcp is supported only for a "
+                                     "single IPv4 address on each network"));
+                    goto cleanup;
+                } else {
+                    ipv4def = ipdef;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (networkValidate(def) < 0)
+       goto cleanup;
+
+    if (!(network = virNetworkAssignDef(&driver->networks, def, false)))
+        goto cleanup;
+    freeDef = false;
+
+    network->persistent = 1;
+
+    if (virNetworkSaveConfig(driver->networkConfigDir, def) < 0) {
+        virNetworkRemoveInactive(&driver->networks, network);
+        network = NULL;
+        goto cleanup;
+    }
+
+    if (ipv4def) {
+        dctx = dnsmasqContextNew(def->name, DNSMASQ_STATE_DIR);
+        if (dctx == NULL ||
+            networkBuildDnsmasqHostsfile(dctx, ipv4def, def->dns) < 0 ||
+            dnsmasqSave(dctx) < 0)
+            goto cleanup;
+    }
+
+    VIR_INFO("Defining network '%s'", def->name);
+    ret = virGetNetwork(conn, def->name, def->uuid);
+
+cleanup:
+    if (freeDef)
+       virNetworkDefFree(def);
+    dnsmasqContextFree(dctx);
+    if (network)
+        virNetworkObjUnlock(network);
+    networkDriverUnlock(driver);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+static int networkUndefine(virNetworkPtr net) {
+    struct network_driver *driver = net->conn->networkPrivateData;
+    virNetworkObjPtr network;
+    virNetworkIpDefPtr ipdef;
+    bool dhcp_present = false, v6present = false;
+    int ret = -1, ii;
+
+    networkDriverLock(driver);
+
+    network = virNetworkFindByUUID(&driver->networks, net->uuid);
+    if (!network) {
+        virReportError(VIR_ERR_NO_NETWORK,
+                       "%s", _("no network with matching uuid"));
+        goto cleanup;
+    }
+
+    if (virNetworkObjIsActive(network)) {
+        virReportError(VIR_ERR_OPERATION_INVALID,
+                       "%s", _("network is still active"));
+        goto cleanup;
+    }
+
+    if (virNetworkDeleteConfig(driver->networkConfigDir,
+                               driver->networkAutostartDir,
+                               network) < 0)
+        goto cleanup;
+
+    /* we only support dhcp on one IPv4 address per defined network */
+    for (ii = 0;
+         (ipdef = virNetworkDefGetIpByIndex(network->def, AF_UNSPEC, ii));
+         ii++) {
+        if (VIR_SOCKET_ADDR_IS_FAMILY(&ipdef->address, AF_INET)) {
+            if (ipdef->nranges || ipdef->nhosts)
+                dhcp_present = true;
+        } else if (VIR_SOCKET_ADDR_IS_FAMILY(&ipdef->address, AF_INET6)) {
+            v6present = true;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (dhcp_present) {
+        char *leasefile;
+        dnsmasqContext *dctx = dnsmasqContextNew(network->def->name, DNSMASQ_STATE_DIR);
+        if (dctx == NULL)
+            goto cleanup;
+
+        dnsmasqDelete(dctx);
+        dnsmasqContextFree(dctx);
+
+        leasefile = networkDnsmasqLeaseFileName(network->def->name);
+        if (!leasefile)
+            goto cleanup;
+        unlink(leasefile);
+        VIR_FREE(leasefile);
+    }
+
+    if (v6present) {
+        char *configfile = networkRadvdConfigFileName(network->def->name);
+
+        if (!configfile) {
+            virReportOOMError();
+            goto cleanup;
+        }
+        unlink(configfile);
+        VIR_FREE(configfile);
+
+        char *radvdpidbase = networkRadvdPidfileBasename(network->def->name);
+
+        if (!(radvdpidbase)) {
+            virReportOOMError();
+            goto cleanup;
+        }
+        virPidFileDelete(NETWORK_PID_DIR, radvdpidbase);
+        VIR_FREE(radvdpidbase);
+
+    }
+
+    VIR_INFO("Undefining network '%s'", network->def->name);
+    virNetworkRemoveInactive(&driver->networks,
+                             network);
+    network = NULL;
+    ret = 0;
+
+cleanup:
+    if (network)
+        virNetworkObjUnlock(network);
+    networkDriverUnlock(driver);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+static int
+networkUpdate(virNetworkPtr net,
+              unsigned int command,
+              unsigned int section,
+              int parentIndex,
+              const char *xml,
+              unsigned int flags)
+{
+    struct network_driver *driver = net->conn->networkPrivateData;
+    virNetworkObjPtr network = NULL;
+    int isActive, ret = -1, ii;
+    virNetworkIpDefPtr ipdef;
+    bool oldDhcpActive = false;
+
+
+    virCheckFlags(VIR_NETWORK_UPDATE_AFFECT_LIVE |
+                  VIR_NETWORK_UPDATE_AFFECT_CONFIG,
+                  -1);
+
+    networkDriverLock(driver);
+
+    network = virNetworkFindByUUID(&driver->networks, net->uuid);
+    if (!network) {
+        virReportError(VIR_ERR_NO_NETWORK,
+                       "%s", _("no network with matching uuid"));
+        goto cleanup;
+    }
+
+    /* see if we are listening for dhcp pre-modification */
+    for (ii = 0;
+         (ipdef = virNetworkDefGetIpByIndex(network->def, AF_INET, ii));
+         ii++) {
+        if (ipdef->nranges || ipdef->nhosts) {
+            oldDhcpActive = true;
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* VIR_NETWORK_UPDATE_AFFECT_CURRENT means "change LIVE if network
+     * is active, else change CONFIG
+    */
+    isActive = virNetworkObjIsActive(network);
+    if ((flags & (VIR_NETWORK_UPDATE_AFFECT_LIVE |
+                  VIR_NETWORK_UPDATE_AFFECT_CONFIG)) ==
+        VIR_NETWORK_UPDATE_AFFECT_CURRENT) {
+        if (isActive)
+            flags |= VIR_NETWORK_UPDATE_AFFECT_LIVE;
+        else
+            flags |= VIR_NETWORK_UPDATE_AFFECT_CONFIG;
+    }
+
+    /* update the network config in memory/on disk */
+    if (virNetworkObjUpdate(network, command, section, parentIndex, xml, flags) < 0)
+        goto cleanup;
+
+    if (flags & VIR_NETWORK_UPDATE_AFFECT_CONFIG) {
+        /* save updated persistent config to disk */
+        if (virNetworkSaveConfig(driver->networkConfigDir,
+                                 virNetworkObjGetPersistentDef(network)) < 0) {
+            goto cleanup;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (isActive && (flags & VIR_NETWORK_UPDATE_AFFECT_LIVE)) {
+        /* rewrite dnsmasq host files, restart dnsmasq, update iptables
+         * rules, etc, according to which section was modified. Note that
+         * some sections require multiple actions, so a single switch
+         * statement is inadequate.
+         */
+        if (section == VIR_NETWORK_SECTION_BRIDGE ||
+            section == VIR_NETWORK_SECTION_DOMAIN ||
+            section == VIR_NETWORK_SECTION_IP ||
+            section == VIR_NETWORK_SECTION_IP_DHCP_RANGE) {
+            /* these sections all change things on the dnsmasq commandline,
+             * so we need to kill and restart dnsmasq.
+             */
+            if (networkRestartDhcpDaemon(driver, network) < 0)
+                goto cleanup;
+
+        } else if (section == VIR_NETWORK_SECTION_IP_DHCP_HOST) {
+            /* if we previously weren't listening for dhcp and now we
+             * are (or vice-versa) then we need to do a restart,
+             * otherwise we just need to do a refresh (redo the config
+             * files and send SIGHUP)
+             */
+            bool newDhcpActive = false;
+
+            for (ii = 0;
+                 (ipdef = virNetworkDefGetIpByIndex(network->def, AF_INET, ii));
+                 ii++) {
+                if (ipdef->nranges || ipdef->nhosts) {
+                    newDhcpActive = true;
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+
+            if ((newDhcpActive != oldDhcpActive &&
+                networkRestartDhcpDaemon(driver, network) < 0) ||
+                networkRefreshDhcpDaemon(driver, network) < 0) {
+                goto cleanup;
+            }
+
+        } else if (section == VIR_NETWORK_SECTION_DNS_HOST ||
+                   section == VIR_NETWORK_SECTION_DNS_TXT ||
+                   section == VIR_NETWORK_SECTION_DNS_SRV) {
+            /* these sections only change things in config files, so we
+             * can just update the config files and send SIGHUP to
+             * dnsmasq.
+             */
+            if (networkRefreshDhcpDaemon(driver, network) < 0)
+                goto cleanup;
+
+        }
+
+        if (section == VIR_NETWORK_SECTION_IP) {
+            /* only a change in IP addresses will affect radvd, and all of radvd's
+             * config is stored in the conf file which will be re-read with a SIGHUP.
+             */
+            if (networkRefreshRadvd(driver, network) < 0)
+                goto cleanup;
+        }
+
+        if ((section == VIR_NETWORK_SECTION_IP ||
+             section == VIR_NETWORK_SECTION_FORWARD ||
+             section == VIR_NETWORK_SECTION_FORWARD_INTERFACE) &&
+           (network->def->forwardType == VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_NONE ||
+            network->def->forwardType == VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_NAT ||
+            network->def->forwardType == VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_ROUTE)) {
+            /* these could affect the iptables rules */
+            networkRemoveIptablesRules(driver, network);
+            if (networkAddIptablesRules(driver, network) < 0)
+                goto cleanup;
+
+        }
+
+        /* save current network state to disk */
+        if ((ret = virNetworkSaveStatus(NETWORK_STATE_DIR, network)) < 0)
+            goto cleanup;
+    }
+    ret = 0;
+cleanup:
+    if (network)
+        virNetworkObjUnlock(network);
+    networkDriverUnlock(driver);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+static int networkStart(virNetworkPtr net) {
+    struct network_driver *driver = net->conn->networkPrivateData;
+    virNetworkObjPtr network;
+    int ret = -1;
+
+    networkDriverLock(driver);
+    network = virNetworkFindByUUID(&driver->networks, net->uuid);
+
+    if (!network) {
+        virReportError(VIR_ERR_NO_NETWORK,
+                       "%s", _("no network with matching uuid"));
+        goto cleanup;
+    }
+
+    ret = networkStartNetwork(driver, network);
+
+cleanup:
+    if (network)
+        virNetworkObjUnlock(network);
+    networkDriverUnlock(driver);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+static int networkDestroy(virNetworkPtr net) {
+    struct network_driver *driver = net->conn->networkPrivateData;
+    virNetworkObjPtr network;
+    int ret = -1;
+
+    networkDriverLock(driver);
+    network = virNetworkFindByUUID(&driver->networks, net->uuid);
+
+    if (!network) {
+        virReportError(VIR_ERR_NO_NETWORK,
+                       "%s", _("no network with matching uuid"));
+        goto cleanup;
+    }
+
+    if (!virNetworkObjIsActive(network)) {
+        virReportError(VIR_ERR_OPERATION_INVALID,
+                       "%s", _("network is not active"));
+        goto cleanup;
+    }
+
+    ret = networkShutdownNetwork(driver, network);
+    if (!network->persistent) {
+        virNetworkRemoveInactive(&driver->networks,
+                                 network);
+        network = NULL;
+    }
+
+cleanup:
+    if (network)
+        virNetworkObjUnlock(network);
+    networkDriverUnlock(driver);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+static char *networkGetXMLDesc(virNetworkPtr net,
+                               unsigned int flags)
+{
+    struct network_driver *driver = net->conn->networkPrivateData;
+    virNetworkObjPtr network;
+    virNetworkDefPtr def;
+    char *ret = NULL;
+
+    virCheckFlags(VIR_NETWORK_XML_INACTIVE, NULL);
+
+    networkDriverLock(driver);
+    network = virNetworkFindByUUID(&driver->networks, net->uuid);
+    networkDriverUnlock(driver);
+
+    if (!network) {
+        virReportError(VIR_ERR_NO_NETWORK,
+                       "%s", _("no network with matching uuid"));
+        goto cleanup;
+    }
+
+    if ((flags & VIR_NETWORK_XML_INACTIVE) && network->newDef)
+        def = network->newDef;
+    else
+        def = network->def;
+
+    ret = virNetworkDefFormat(def, flags);
+
+cleanup:
+    if (network)
+        virNetworkObjUnlock(network);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+static char *networkGetBridgeName(virNetworkPtr net) {
+    struct network_driver *driver = net->conn->networkPrivateData;
+    virNetworkObjPtr network;
+    char *bridge = NULL;
+
+    networkDriverLock(driver);
+    network = virNetworkFindByUUID(&driver->networks, net->uuid);
+    networkDriverUnlock(driver);
+
+    if (!network) {
+        virReportError(VIR_ERR_NO_NETWORK,
+                       "%s", _("no network with matching id"));
+        goto cleanup;
+    }
+
+    if (!(network->def->bridge)) {
+        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
+                       _("network '%s' does not have a bridge name."),
+                       network->def->name);
+        goto cleanup;
+    }
+
+    bridge = strdup(network->def->bridge);
+    if (!bridge)
+        virReportOOMError();
+
+cleanup:
+    if (network)
+        virNetworkObjUnlock(network);
+    return bridge;
+}
+
+static int networkGetAutostart(virNetworkPtr net,
+                             int *autostart) {
+    struct network_driver *driver = net->conn->networkPrivateData;
+    virNetworkObjPtr network;
+    int ret = -1;
+
+    networkDriverLock(driver);
+    network = virNetworkFindByUUID(&driver->networks, net->uuid);
+    networkDriverUnlock(driver);
+    if (!network) {
+        virReportError(VIR_ERR_NO_NETWORK,
+                       "%s", _("no network with matching uuid"));
+        goto cleanup;
+    }
+
+    *autostart = network->autostart;
+    ret = 0;
+
+cleanup:
+    if (network)
+        virNetworkObjUnlock(network);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+static int networkSetAutostart(virNetworkPtr net,
+                               int autostart) {
+    struct network_driver *driver = net->conn->networkPrivateData;
+    virNetworkObjPtr network;
+    char *configFile = NULL, *autostartLink = NULL;
+    int ret = -1;
+
+    networkDriverLock(driver);
+    network = virNetworkFindByUUID(&driver->networks, net->uuid);
+
+    if (!network) {
+        virReportError(VIR_ERR_NO_NETWORK,
+                       "%s", _("no network with matching uuid"));
+        goto cleanup;
+    }
+
+    if (!network->persistent) {
+        virReportError(VIR_ERR_OPERATION_INVALID,
+                       "%s", _("cannot set autostart for transient network"));
+        goto cleanup;
+    }
+
+    autostart = (autostart != 0);
+
+    if (network->autostart != autostart) {
+        if ((configFile = virNetworkConfigFile(driver->networkConfigDir, network->def->name)) == NULL)
+            goto cleanup;
+        if ((autostartLink = virNetworkConfigFile(driver->networkAutostartDir, network->def->name)) == NULL)
+            goto cleanup;
+
+        if (autostart) {
+            if (virFileMakePath(driver->networkAutostartDir) < 0) {
+                virReportSystemError(errno,
+                                     _("cannot create autostart directory '%s'"),
+                                     driver->networkAutostartDir);
+                goto cleanup;
+            }
+
+            if (symlink(configFile, autostartLink) < 0) {
+                virReportSystemError(errno,
+                                     _("Failed to create symlink '%s' to '%s'"),
+                                     autostartLink, configFile);
+                goto cleanup;
+            }
+        } else {
+            if (unlink(autostartLink) < 0 && errno != ENOENT && errno != ENOTDIR) {
+                virReportSystemError(errno,
+                                     _("Failed to delete symlink '%s'"),
+                                     autostartLink);
+                goto cleanup;
+            }
+        }
+
+        network->autostart = autostart;
+    }
+    ret = 0;
+
+cleanup:
+    VIR_FREE(configFile);
+    VIR_FREE(autostartLink);
+    if (network)
+        virNetworkObjUnlock(network);
+    networkDriverUnlock(driver);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+
+static virNetworkDriver networkDriver = {
+    "Network",
+    .open = networkOpenNetwork, /* 0.2.0 */
+    .close = networkCloseNetwork, /* 0.2.0 */
+    .numOfNetworks = networkNumNetworks, /* 0.2.0 */
+    .listNetworks = networkListNetworks, /* 0.2.0 */
+    .numOfDefinedNetworks = networkNumDefinedNetworks, /* 0.2.0 */
+    .listDefinedNetworks = networkListDefinedNetworks, /* 0.2.0 */
+    .listAllNetworks = networkListAllNetworks, /* 0.10.2 */
+    .networkLookupByUUID = networkLookupByUUID, /* 0.2.0 */
+    .networkLookupByName = networkLookupByName, /* 0.2.0 */
+    .networkCreateXML = networkCreate, /* 0.2.0 */
+    .networkDefineXML = networkDefine, /* 0.2.0 */
+    .networkUndefine = networkUndefine, /* 0.2.0 */
+    .networkUpdate = networkUpdate, /* 0.10.2 */
+    .networkCreate = networkStart, /* 0.2.0 */
+    .networkDestroy = networkDestroy, /* 0.2.0 */
+    .networkGetXMLDesc = networkGetXMLDesc, /* 0.2.0 */
+    .networkGetBridgeName = networkGetBridgeName, /* 0.2.0 */
+    .networkGetAutostart = networkGetAutostart, /* 0.2.1 */
+    .networkSetAutostart = networkSetAutostart, /* 0.2.1 */
+    .networkIsActive = networkIsActive, /* 0.7.3 */
+    .networkIsPersistent = networkIsPersistent, /* 0.7.3 */
+};
+
+static virStateDriver networkStateDriver = {
+    "Network",
+    networkStartup,
+    networkShutdown,
+    networkReload,
+    networkActive,
+};
+
+int networkRegister(void) {
+    virRegisterNetworkDriver(&networkDriver);
+    virRegisterStateDriver(&networkStateDriver);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/********************************************************/
+
+/* Private API to deal with logical switch capabilities.
+ * These functions are exported so that other parts of libvirt can
+ * call them, but are not part of the public API and not in the
+ * driver's function table. If we ever have more than one network
+ * driver, we will need to present these functions via a second
+ * "backend" function table.
+ */
+
+/* networkCreateInterfacePool:
+ * @netdef: the original NetDef from the network
+ *
+ * Creates an implicit interface pool of VF's when a PF dev is given
+ */
+static int
+networkCreateInterfacePool(virNetworkDefPtr netdef) {
+    unsigned int num_virt_fns = 0;
+    char **vfname = NULL;
+    struct pci_config_address **virt_fns;
+    int ret = -1, ii = 0;
+
+    if ((virNetDevGetVirtualFunctions(netdef->forwardPfs->dev,
+                                      &vfname, &virt_fns, &num_virt_fns)) < 0) {
+        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
+                       _("Could not get Virtual functions on %s"),
+                       netdef->forwardPfs->dev);
+        goto finish;
+    }
+
+    if (num_virt_fns == 0) {
+        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
+                       _("No Vf's present on SRIOV PF %s"),
+                       netdef->forwardPfs->dev);
+       goto finish;
+    }
+
+    if ((VIR_ALLOC_N(netdef->forwardIfs, num_virt_fns)) < 0) {
+        virReportOOMError();
+        goto finish;
+    }
+
+    netdef->nForwardIfs = num_virt_fns;
+
+    for (ii = 0; ii < netdef->nForwardIfs; ii++) {
+        if ((netdef->forwardType == VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_BRIDGE) ||
+            (netdef->forwardType == VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_PRIVATE) ||
+            (netdef->forwardType == VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_VEPA) ||
+            (netdef->forwardType == VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_PASSTHROUGH)) {
+            netdef->forwardIfs[ii].type = VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_HOSTDEV_DEVICE_NETDEV;
+            if(vfname[ii]) {
+                netdef->forwardIfs[ii].device.dev = strdup(vfname[ii]);
+                if (!netdef->forwardIfs[ii].device.dev) {
+                    virReportOOMError();
+                    goto finish;
+                }
+            }
+            else {
+                virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
+                               _("Direct mode types require interface names"));
+                goto finish;
+            }
+        }
+        else if (netdef->forwardType == VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_HOSTDEV) {
+            /* VF's are always PCI devices */
+            netdef->forwardIfs[ii].type = VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_HOSTDEV_DEVICE_PCI;
+            netdef->forwardIfs[ii].device.pci.domain = virt_fns[ii]->domain;
+            netdef->forwardIfs[ii].device.pci.bus = virt_fns[ii]->bus;
+            netdef->forwardIfs[ii].device.pci.slot = virt_fns[ii]->slot;
+            netdef->forwardIfs[ii].device.pci.function = virt_fns[ii]->function;
+        }
+    }
+
+    ret = 0;
+finish:
+    for (ii = 0; ii < num_virt_fns; ii++) {
+        VIR_FREE(vfname[ii]);
+        VIR_FREE(virt_fns[ii]);
+    }
+    VIR_FREE(vfname);
+    VIR_FREE(virt_fns);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+/* networkAllocateActualDevice:
+ * @iface: the original NetDef from the domain
+ *
+ * Looks up the network reference by iface, allocates a physical
+ * device from that network (if appropriate), and returns with the
+ * virDomainActualNetDef filled in accordingly. If there are no
+ * changes to be made in the netdef, then just leave the actualdef
+ * empty.
+ *
+ * Returns 0 on success, -1 on failure.
+ */
+int
+networkAllocateActualDevice(virDomainNetDefPtr iface)
+{
+    struct network_driver *driver = driverState;
+    enum virDomainNetType actualType = iface->type;
+    virNetworkObjPtr network = NULL;
+    virNetworkDefPtr netdef = NULL;
+    virPortGroupDefPtr portgroup = NULL;
+    virNetDevVPortProfilePtr virtport = iface->virtPortProfile;
+    virNetDevVlanPtr vlan = NULL;
+    virNetworkForwardIfDefPtr dev = NULL;
+    int ii;
+    int ret = -1;
+
+    /* it's handy to have this initialized if we skip directly to validate */
+    if (iface->vlan.nTags > 0)
+        vlan = &iface->vlan;
+
+    if (iface->type != VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_NETWORK)
+        goto validate;
+
+    virDomainActualNetDefFree(iface->data.network.actual);
+    iface->data.network.actual = NULL;
+
+    networkDriverLock(driver);
+    network = virNetworkFindByName(&driver->networks, iface->data.network.name);
+    networkDriverUnlock(driver);
+    if (!network) {
+        virReportError(VIR_ERR_NO_NETWORK,
+                       _("no network with matching name '%s'"),
+                       iface->data.network.name);
+        goto error;
+    }
+    netdef = network->def;
+
+    /* portgroup can be present for any type of network, in particular
+     * for bandwidth information, so we need to check for that and
+     * fill it in appropriately for all forward types.
+    */
+    portgroup = virPortGroupFindByName(netdef, iface->data.network.portgroup);
+
+    /* If there is already interface-specific bandwidth, just use that
+     * (already in NetDef). Otherwise, if there is bandwidth info in
+     * the portgroup, fill that into the ActualDef.
+     */
+    if (portgroup && !iface->bandwidth) {
+        if (!iface->data.network.actual
+            && (VIR_ALLOC(iface->data.network.actual) < 0)) {
+            virReportOOMError();
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        if (virNetDevBandwidthCopy(&iface->data.network.actual->bandwidth,
+                                   portgroup->bandwidth) < 0)
+            goto error;
+    }
+
+    if ((netdef->forwardType == VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_NONE) ||
+        (netdef->forwardType == VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_NAT) ||
+        (netdef->forwardType == VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_ROUTE)) {
+        /* for these forward types, the actual net type really *is*
+         *NETWORK; we just keep the info from the portgroup in
+         * iface->data.network.actual
+        */
+        if (iface->data.network.actual)
+            iface->data.network.actual->type = VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_NETWORK;
+    } else if ((netdef->forwardType == VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_BRIDGE) &&
+               netdef->bridge) {
+
+        /* <forward type='bridge'/> <bridge name='xxx'/>
+         * is VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_BRIDGE
+         */
+
+        if (!iface->data.network.actual
+            && (VIR_ALLOC(iface->data.network.actual) < 0)) {
+            virReportOOMError();
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        iface->data.network.actual->type = actualType = VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_BRIDGE;
+        iface->data.network.actual->data.bridge.brname = strdup(netdef->bridge);
+        if (!iface->data.network.actual->data.bridge.brname) {
+            virReportOOMError();
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        /* merge virtualports from interface, network, and portgroup to
+         * arrive at actual virtualport to use
+         */
+        if (virNetDevVPortProfileMerge3(&iface->data.network.actual->virtPortProfile,
+                                        iface->virtPortProfile,
+                                        netdef->virtPortProfile,
+                                        portgroup
+                                        ? portgroup->virtPortProfile : NULL) < 0) {
+            goto error;
+        }
+        virtport = iface->data.network.actual->virtPortProfile;
+        if (virtport) {
+            /* only type='openvswitch' is allowed for bridges */
+            if (virtport->virtPortType != VIR_NETDEV_VPORT_PROFILE_OPENVSWITCH) {
+                virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
+                               _("<virtualport type='%s'> not supported for network "
+                                 "'%s' which uses a bridge device"),
+                               virNetDevVPortTypeToString(virtport->virtPortType),
+                               netdef->name);
+                goto error;
+            }
+        }
+
+    } else if (netdef->forwardType == VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_HOSTDEV) {
+
+        if (!iface->data.network.actual
+            && (VIR_ALLOC(iface->data.network.actual) < 0)) {
+            virReportOOMError();
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        iface->data.network.actual->type = actualType = VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_HOSTDEV;
+        if (netdef->nForwardPfs > 0 && netdef->nForwardIfs <= 0 &&
+            networkCreateInterfacePool(netdef) < 0) {
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        /* pick first dev with 0 connections */
+        for (ii = 0; ii < netdef->nForwardIfs; ii++) {
+            if (netdef->forwardIfs[ii].connections == 0) {
+                dev = &netdef->forwardIfs[ii];
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        if (!dev) {
+            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
+                           _("network '%s' requires exclusive access "
+                             "to interfaces, but none are available"),
+                           netdef->name);
+            goto error;
+        }
+        iface->data.network.actual->data.hostdev.def.parent.type = VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_NET;
+        iface->data.network.actual->data.hostdev.def.parent.data.net = iface;
+        iface->data.network.actual->data.hostdev.def.info = &iface->info;
+        iface->data.network.actual->data.hostdev.def.mode = VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_MODE_SUBSYS;
+        iface->data.network.actual->data.hostdev.def.managed = netdef->managed;
+        iface->data.network.actual->data.hostdev.def.source.subsys.type = dev->type;
+        iface->data.network.actual->data.hostdev.def.source.subsys.u.pci = dev->device.pci;
+
+        /* merge virtualports from interface, network, and portgroup to
+         * arrive at actual virtualport to use
+         */
+        if (virNetDevVPortProfileMerge3(&iface->data.network.actual->virtPortProfile,
+                                        iface->virtPortProfile,
+                                        netdef->virtPortProfile,
+                                        portgroup
+                                        ? portgroup->virtPortProfile : NULL) < 0) {
+            goto error;
+        }
+        virtport = iface->data.network.actual->virtPortProfile;
+        if (virtport) {
+            /* make sure type is supported for hostdev connections */
+            if (virtport->virtPortType != VIR_NETDEV_VPORT_PROFILE_8021QBG &&
+                virtport->virtPortType != VIR_NETDEV_VPORT_PROFILE_8021QBH) {
+                virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
+                               _("<virtualport type='%s'> not supported for network "
+                                 "'%s' which uses an SR-IOV Virtual Function "
+                                 "via PCI passthrough"),
+                               virNetDevVPortTypeToString(virtport->virtPortType),
+                               netdef->name);
+                goto error;
+            }
+        }
+
+    } else if ((netdef->forwardType == VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_BRIDGE) ||
+               (netdef->forwardType == VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_PRIVATE) ||
+               (netdef->forwardType == VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_VEPA) ||
+               (netdef->forwardType == VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_PASSTHROUGH)) {
+
+        /* <forward type='bridge|private|vepa|passthrough'> are all
+         * VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_DIRECT.
+         */
+
+        if (!iface->data.network.actual
+            && (VIR_ALLOC(iface->data.network.actual) < 0)) {
+            virReportOOMError();
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        /* Set type=direct and appropriate <source mode='xxx'/> */
+        iface->data.network.actual->type = actualType = VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_DIRECT;
+        switch (netdef->forwardType) {
+        case VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_BRIDGE:
+            iface->data.network.actual->data.direct.mode = VIR_NETDEV_MACVLAN_MODE_BRIDGE;
+            break;
+        case VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_PRIVATE:
+            iface->data.network.actual->data.direct.mode = VIR_NETDEV_MACVLAN_MODE_PRIVATE;
+            break;
+        case VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_VEPA:
+            iface->data.network.actual->data.direct.mode = VIR_NETDEV_MACVLAN_MODE_VEPA;
+            break;
+        case VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_PASSTHROUGH:
+            iface->data.network.actual->data.direct.mode = VIR_NETDEV_MACVLAN_MODE_PASSTHRU;
+            break;
+        }
+
+        /* merge virtualports from interface, network, and portgroup to
+         * arrive at actual virtualport to use
+         */
+        if (virNetDevVPortProfileMerge3(&iface->data.network.actual->virtPortProfile,
+                                        iface->virtPortProfile,
+                                        netdef->virtPortProfile,
+                                        portgroup
+                                        ? portgroup->virtPortProfile : NULL) < 0) {
+            goto error;
+        }
+        virtport = iface->data.network.actual->virtPortProfile;
+        if (virtport) {
+            /* make sure type is supported for macvtap connections */
+            if (virtport->virtPortType != VIR_NETDEV_VPORT_PROFILE_8021QBG &&
+                virtport->virtPortType != VIR_NETDEV_VPORT_PROFILE_8021QBH) {
+                virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
+                               _("<virtualport type='%s'> not supported for network "
+                                 "'%s' which uses a macvtap device"),
+                               virNetDevVPortTypeToString(virtport->virtPortType),
+                               netdef->name);
+                goto error;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /* If there is only a single device, just return it (caller will detect
+         * any error if exclusive use is required but could not be acquired).
+         */
+        if ((netdef->nForwardIfs <= 0) && (netdef->nForwardPfs <= 0)) {
+            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
+                           _("network '%s' uses a direct mode, but "
+                             "has no forward dev and no interface pool"),
+                           netdef->name);
+            goto error;
+        } else {
+            /* pick an interface from the pool */
+
+            if (netdef->nForwardPfs > 0 && netdef->nForwardIfs == 0 &&
+                networkCreateInterfacePool(netdef) < 0) {
+                goto error;
+            }
+
+            /* PASSTHROUGH mode, and PRIVATE Mode + 802.1Qbh both
+             * require exclusive access to a device, so current
+             * connections count must be 0.  Other modes can share, so
+             * just search for the one with the lowest number of
+             * connections.
+             */
+            if ((netdef->forwardType == VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_PASSTHROUGH) ||
+                ((netdef->forwardType == VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_PRIVATE) &&
+                 iface->data.network.actual->virtPortProfile &&
+                 (iface->data.network.actual->virtPortProfile->virtPortType
+                  == VIR_NETDEV_VPORT_PROFILE_8021QBH))) {
+
+                /* pick first dev with 0 connections */
+                for (ii = 0; ii < netdef->nForwardIfs; ii++) {
+                    if (netdef->forwardIfs[ii].connections == 0) {
+                        dev = &netdef->forwardIfs[ii];
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+            } else {
+                /* pick least used dev */
+                dev = &netdef->forwardIfs[0];
+                for (ii = 1; ii < netdef->nForwardIfs; ii++) {
+                    if (netdef->forwardIfs[ii].connections < dev->connections)
+                        dev = &netdef->forwardIfs[ii];
+                }
+            }
+            /* dev points at the physical device we want to use */
+            if (!dev) {
+                virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
+                               _("network '%s' requires exclusive access "
+                                 "to interfaces, but none are available"),
+                               netdef->name);
+                goto error;
+            }
+            iface->data.network.actual->data.direct.linkdev = strdup(dev->device.dev);
+            if (!iface->data.network.actual->data.direct.linkdev) {
+                virReportOOMError();
+                goto error;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (virNetDevVPortProfileCheckComplete(virtport, true) < 0)
+        goto error;
+
+    /* copy appropriate vlan info to actualNet */
+    if (iface->vlan.nTags > 0)
+        vlan = &iface->vlan;
+    else if (portgroup && portgroup->vlan.nTags > 0)
+        vlan = &portgroup->vlan;
+    else if (netdef && netdef->vlan.nTags > 0)
+        vlan = &netdef->vlan;
+
+    if (virNetDevVlanCopy(&iface->data.network.actual->vlan, vlan) < 0)
+        goto error;
+
+validate:
+    /* make sure that everything now specified for the device is
+     * actually supported on this type of network. NB: network,
+     * netdev, and iface->data.network.actual may all be NULL.
+     */
+
+    if (vlan) {
+        /* vlan configuration via libvirt is only supported for
+         * PCI Passthrough SR-IOV devices and openvswitch bridges.
+         * otherwise log an error and fail
+         */
+        if (!(actualType == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_HOSTDEV ||
+              (actualType == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_BRIDGE &&
+               virtport && virtport->virtPortType
+               == VIR_NETDEV_VPORT_PROFILE_OPENVSWITCH))) {
+            if (netdef) {
+                virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
+                               _("an interface connecting to network '%s' "
+                                 "is requesting a vlan tag, but that is not "
+                                 "supported for this type of network"),
+                               netdef->name);
+            } else {
+                virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
+                               _("an interface of type '%s' "
+                                 "is requesting a vlan tag, but that is not "
+                                 "supported for this type of connection"),
+                               virDomainNetTypeToString(iface->type));
+            }
+            goto error;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (dev) {
+        /* we are now assured of success, so mark the allocation */
+        dev->connections++;
+        if (actualType != VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_HOSTDEV) {
+            VIR_DEBUG("Using physical device %s, %d connections",
+                      dev->device.dev, dev->connections);
+        } else {
+            VIR_DEBUG("Using physical device %04x:%02x:%02x.%x, connections %d",
+                      dev->device.pci.domain, dev->device.pci.bus,
+                      dev->device.pci.slot, dev->device.pci.function,
+                      dev->connections);
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (netdef) {
+        netdef->connections++;
+        VIR_DEBUG("Using network %s, %d connections",
+                  netdef->name, netdef->connections);
+    }
+    ret = 0;
+
+cleanup:
+    if (network)
+        virNetworkObjUnlock(network);
+    return ret;
+
+error:
+    if (iface->type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_NETWORK) {
+        virDomainActualNetDefFree(iface->data.network.actual);
+        iface->data.network.actual = NULL;
+    }
+    goto cleanup;
+}
+
+/* networkNotifyActualDevice:
+ * @iface:  the domain's NetDef with an "actual" device already filled in.
+ *
+ * Called to notify the network driver when libvirtd is restarted and
+ * finds an already running domain. If appropriate it will force an
+ * allocation of the actual->direct.linkdev to get everything back in
+ * order.
+ *
+ * Returns 0 on success, -1 on failure.
+ */
+int
+networkNotifyActualDevice(virDomainNetDefPtr iface)
+{
+    struct network_driver *driver = driverState;
+    enum virDomainNetType actualType = virDomainNetGetActualType(iface);
+    virNetworkObjPtr network;
+    virNetworkDefPtr netdef;
+    virNetworkForwardIfDefPtr dev = NULL;
+    int ii, ret = -1;
+
+    if (iface->type != VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_NETWORK)
+       return 0;
+
+    networkDriverLock(driver);
+    network = virNetworkFindByName(&driver->networks, iface->data.network.name);
+    networkDriverUnlock(driver);
+    if (!network) {
+        virReportError(VIR_ERR_NO_NETWORK,
+                       _("no network with matching name '%s'"),
+                       iface->data.network.name);
+        goto error;
+    }
+    netdef = network->def;
+
+    if (!iface->data.network.actual ||
+        (actualType != VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_DIRECT &&
+         actualType != VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_HOSTDEV)) {
+        VIR_DEBUG("Nothing to claim from network %s", iface->data.network.name);
+        goto success;
+    }
+
+    if (netdef->nForwardPfs > 0 && netdef->nForwardIfs == 0 &&
+        networkCreateInterfacePool(netdef) < 0) {
+        goto error;
+    }
+    if (netdef->nForwardIfs == 0) {
+        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
+                       _("network '%s' uses a direct or hostdev mode, "
+                         "but has no forward dev and no interface pool"),
+                       netdef->name);
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    if (actualType == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_DIRECT) {
+        const char *actualDev;
+
+        actualDev = virDomainNetGetActualDirectDev(iface);
+        if (!actualDev) {
+            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
+                           _("the interface uses a direct mode, "
+                             "but has no source dev"));
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        /* find the matching interface and increment its connections */
+        for (ii = 0; ii < netdef->nForwardIfs; ii++) {
+            if (netdef->forwardIfs[ii].type
+                == VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_HOSTDEV_DEVICE_NETDEV &&
+                STREQ(actualDev, netdef->forwardIfs[ii].device.dev)) {
+                dev = &netdef->forwardIfs[ii];
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        /* dev points at the physical device we want to use */
+        if (!dev) {
+            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
+                           _("network '%s' doesn't have dev='%s' "
+                             "in use by domain"),
+                           netdef->name, actualDev);
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        /* PASSTHROUGH mode and PRIVATE Mode + 802.1Qbh both require
+         * exclusive access to a device, so current connections count
+         * must be 0 in those cases.
+         */
+        if ((dev->connections > 0) &&
+            ((netdef->forwardType == VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_PASSTHROUGH) ||
+             ((netdef->forwardType == VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_PRIVATE) &&
+              iface->data.network.actual->virtPortProfile &&
+              (iface->data.network.actual->virtPortProfile->virtPortType
+               == VIR_NETDEV_VPORT_PROFILE_8021QBH)))) {
+            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
+                           _("network '%s' claims dev='%s' is already in "
+                             "use by a different domain"),
+                           netdef->name, actualDev);
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        /* we are now assured of success, so mark the allocation */
+        dev->connections++;
+        VIR_DEBUG("Using physical device %s, connections %d",
+                  dev->device.dev, dev->connections);
+
+    }  else /* if (actualType == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_HOSTDEV) */ {
+        virDomainHostdevDefPtr hostdev;
+
+        hostdev = virDomainNetGetActualHostdev(iface);
+        if (!hostdev) {
+            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
+                           _("the interface uses a hostdev mode, "
+                             "but has no hostdev"));
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        /* find the matching interface and increment its connections */
+        for (ii = 0; ii < netdef->nForwardIfs; ii++) {
+            if (netdef->forwardIfs[ii].type
+                == VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_HOSTDEV_DEVICE_PCI &&
+                virDevicePCIAddressEqual(&hostdev->source.subsys.u.pci,
+                                         &netdef->forwardIfs[ii].device.pci)) {
+                dev = &netdef->forwardIfs[ii];
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        /* dev points at the physical device we want to use */
+        if (!dev) {
+            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
+                           _("network '%s' doesn't have "
+                             "PCI device %04x:%02x:%02x.%x in use by domain"),
+                           netdef->name,
+                           hostdev->source.subsys.u.pci.domain,
+                           hostdev->source.subsys.u.pci.bus,
+                           hostdev->source.subsys.u.pci.slot,
+                           hostdev->source.subsys.u.pci.function);
+                goto error;
+        }
+
+        /* PASSTHROUGH mode, PRIVATE Mode + 802.1Qbh, and hostdev (PCI
+         * passthrough) all require exclusive access to a device, so
+         * current connections count must be 0 in those cases.
+         */
+        if ((dev->connections > 0) &&
+            netdef->forwardType == VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_HOSTDEV) {
+            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
+                           _("network '%s' claims the PCI device at "
+                             "domain=%d bus=%d slot=%d function=%d "
+                             "is already in use by a different domain"),
+                           netdef->name,
+                           dev->device.pci.domain, dev->device.pci.bus,
+                           dev->device.pci.slot, dev->device.pci.function);
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        /* we are now assured of success, so mark the allocation */
+        dev->connections++;
+        VIR_DEBUG("Using physical device %04x:%02x:%02x.%x, connections %d",
+                  dev->device.pci.domain, dev->device.pci.bus,
+                  dev->device.pci.slot, dev->device.pci.function,
+                  dev->connections);
+    }
+
+success:
+    netdef->connections++;
+    VIR_DEBUG("Using network %s, %d connections",
+              netdef->name, netdef->connections);
+    ret = 0;
+cleanup:
+    if (network)
+        virNetworkObjUnlock(network);
+    return ret;
+
+error:
+    goto cleanup;
+}
+
+
+/* networkReleaseActualDevice:
+ * @iface:  a domain's NetDef (interface definition)
+ *
+ * Given a domain <interface> element that previously had its <actual>
+ * element filled in (and possibly a physical device allocated to it),
+ * free up the physical device for use by someone else, and free the
+ * virDomainActualNetDef.
+ *
+ * Returns 0 on success, -1 on failure.
+ */
+int
+networkReleaseActualDevice(virDomainNetDefPtr iface)
+{
+    struct network_driver *driver = driverState;
+    enum virDomainNetType actualType = virDomainNetGetActualType(iface);
+    virNetworkObjPtr network;
+    virNetworkDefPtr netdef;
+    virNetworkForwardIfDefPtr dev = NULL;
+    int ii, ret = -1;
+
+    if (iface->type != VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_NETWORK)
+       return 0;
+
+    networkDriverLock(driver);
+    network = virNetworkFindByName(&driver->networks, iface->data.network.name);
+    networkDriverUnlock(driver);
+    if (!network) {
+        virReportError(VIR_ERR_NO_NETWORK,
+                       _("no network with matching name '%s'"),
+                       iface->data.network.name);
+        goto error;
+    }
+    netdef = network->def;
+
+    if ((!iface->data.network.actual) ||
+        ((actualType != VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_DIRECT) &&
+         (actualType != VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_HOSTDEV))) {
+        VIR_DEBUG("Nothing to release to network %s", iface->data.network.name);
+        goto success;
+    }
+
+    if (netdef->nForwardIfs == 0) {
+        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
+                       _("network '%s' uses a direct/hostdev mode, but "
+                         "has no forward dev and no interface pool"),
+                       netdef->name);
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    if (actualType == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_DIRECT) {
+        const char *actualDev;
+
+        actualDev = virDomainNetGetActualDirectDev(iface);
+        if (!actualDev) {
+            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
+                           _("the interface uses a direct mode, "
+                             "but has no source dev"));
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        for (ii = 0; ii < netdef->nForwardIfs; ii++) {
+            if (netdef->forwardIfs[ii].type
+                == VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_HOSTDEV_DEVICE_NETDEV &&
+                STREQ(actualDev, netdef->forwardIfs[ii].device.dev)) {
+                dev = &netdef->forwardIfs[ii];
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (!dev) {
+            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
+                           _("network '%s' doesn't have dev='%s' "
+                             "in use by domain"),
+                           netdef->name, actualDev);
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        dev->connections--;
+        VIR_DEBUG("Releasing physical device %s, connections %d",
+                  dev->device.dev, dev->connections);
+
+    } else /* if (actualType == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_HOSTDEV) */ {
+        virDomainHostdevDefPtr hostdev;
+
+        hostdev = virDomainNetGetActualHostdev(iface);
+        if (!hostdev) {
+            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
+                           "%s", _("the interface uses a hostdev mode, but has no hostdev"));
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        for (ii = 0; ii < netdef->nForwardIfs; ii++) {
+            if (netdef->forwardIfs[ii].type
+                == VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_HOSTDEV_DEVICE_PCI &&
+                virDevicePCIAddressEqual(&hostdev->source.subsys.u.pci,
+                                          &netdef->forwardIfs[ii].device.pci)) {
+                dev = &netdef->forwardIfs[ii];
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (!dev) {
+            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
+                           _("network '%s' doesn't have "
+                             "PCI device %04x:%02x:%02x.%x in use by domain"),
+                           netdef->name,
+                           hostdev->source.subsys.u.pci.domain,
+                           hostdev->source.subsys.u.pci.bus,
+                           hostdev->source.subsys.u.pci.slot,
+                           hostdev->source.subsys.u.pci.function);
+                goto error;
+        }
+
+        dev->connections--;
+        VIR_DEBUG("Releasing physical device %04x:%02x:%02x.%x, connections %d",
+                  dev->device.pci.domain, dev->device.pci.bus,
+                  dev->device.pci.slot, dev->device.pci.function,
+                  dev->connections);
+   }
+
+success:
+    netdef->connections--;
+    VIR_DEBUG("Releasing network %s, %d connections",
+              netdef->name, netdef->connections);
+    ret = 0;
+cleanup:
+    if (network)
+        virNetworkObjUnlock(network);
+    if (iface->type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_NETWORK) {
+        virDomainActualNetDefFree(iface->data.network.actual);
+        iface->data.network.actual = NULL;
+    }
+    return ret;
+
+error:
+    goto cleanup;
+}
+
+/*
+ * networkGetNetworkAddress:
+ * @netname: the name of a network
+ * @netaddr: string representation of IP address for that network.
+ *
+ * Attempt to return an IP (v4) address associated with the named
+ * network. If a libvirt virtual network, that will be provided in the
+ * configuration. For host bridge and direct (macvtap) networks, we
+ * must do an ioctl to learn the address.
+ *
+ * Note: This function returns the 1st IPv4 address it finds. It might
+ * be useful if it was more flexible, but the current use (getting a
+ * listen address for qemu's vnc/spice graphics server) can only use a
+ * single address anyway.
+ *
+ * Returns 0 on success, and puts a string (which must be free'd by
+ * the caller) into *netaddr. Returns -1 on failure or -2 if
+ * completely unsupported.
+ */
+int
+networkGetNetworkAddress(const char *netname, char **netaddr)
+{
+    int ret = -1;
+    struct network_driver *driver = driverState;
+    virNetworkObjPtr network;
+    virNetworkDefPtr netdef;
+    virNetworkIpDefPtr ipdef;
+    virSocketAddr addr;
+    virSocketAddrPtr addrptr = NULL;
+    char *dev_name = NULL;
+
+    *netaddr = NULL;
+    networkDriverLock(driver);
+    network = virNetworkFindByName(&driver->networks, netname);
+    networkDriverUnlock(driver);
+    if (!network) {
+        virReportError(VIR_ERR_NO_NETWORK,
+                       _("no network with matching name '%s'"),
+                       netname);
+        goto error;
+    }
+    netdef = network->def;
+
+    switch (netdef->forwardType) {
+    case VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_NONE:
+    case VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_NAT:
+    case VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_ROUTE:
+        /* if there's an ipv4def, get it's address */
+        ipdef = virNetworkDefGetIpByIndex(netdef, AF_INET, 0);
+        if (!ipdef) {
+            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
+                           _("network '%s' doesn't have an IPv4 address"),
+                           netdef->name);
+            break;
+        }
+        addrptr = &ipdef->address;
+        break;
+
+    case VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_BRIDGE:
+        if ((dev_name = netdef->bridge))
+            break;
+        /*
+         * fall through if netdef->bridge wasn't set, since this is
+         * also a direct-mode interface.
+         */
+    case VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_PRIVATE:
+    case VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_VEPA:
+    case VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_PASSTHROUGH:
+        if ((netdef->nForwardIfs > 0) && netdef->forwardIfs)
+            dev_name = netdef->forwardIfs[0].device.dev;
+
+        if (!dev_name) {
+            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
+                           _("network '%s' has no associated interface or bridge"),
+                           netdef->name);
+        }
+        break;
+    }
+
+    if (dev_name) {
+        if (virNetDevGetIPv4Address(dev_name, &addr) < 0)
+            goto error;
+        addrptr = &addr;
+    }
+
+    if (!(addrptr &&
+          (*netaddr = virSocketAddrFormat(addrptr)))) {
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    ret = 0;
+cleanup:
+    if (network)
+        virNetworkObjUnlock(network);
+    return ret;
+
+error:
+    goto cleanup;
+}
diff --git a/src/network/bsd_bridge_driver.h b/src/network/bsd_bridge_driver.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0fae275
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/network/bsd_bridge_driver.h
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+/*
+ * network_driver.h: core driver methods for managing networks
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2006, 2007, 2011 Red Hat, Inc.
+ * Copyright (C) 2006 Daniel P. Berrange
+ *
+ * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+ * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+ * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+ * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+ * Lesser General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+ * License along with this library.  If not, see
+ * <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ *
+ * Author: Daniel P. Berrange <berrange@xxxxxxxxxx>
+ */
+
+
+#ifndef __VIR_NETWORK__DRIVER_H
+# define __VIR_NETWORK__DRIVER_H
+
+# include <config.h>
+
+# include "internal.h"
+# include "network_conf.h"
+# include "domain_conf.h"
+# include "command.h"
+# include "dnsmasq.h"
+
+int networkRegister(void);
+
+# if WITH_NETWORK
+int networkAllocateActualDevice(virDomainNetDefPtr iface)
+    ATTRIBUTE_NONNULL(1);
+int networkNotifyActualDevice(virDomainNetDefPtr iface)
+    ATTRIBUTE_NONNULL(1);
+int networkReleaseActualDevice(virDomainNetDefPtr iface)
+    ATTRIBUTE_NONNULL(1);
+
+int networkGetNetworkAddress(const char *netname, char **netaddr)
+    ATTRIBUTE_NONNULL(1) ATTRIBUTE_NONNULL(2);
+
+int networkBuildDhcpDaemonCommandLine(virNetworkObjPtr network,
+                                      virCommandPtr *cmdout, char *pidfile,
+                                      dnsmasqContext *dctx)
+    ;
+# else
+/* Define no-op replacements that don't drag in any link dependencies.  */
+#  define networkAllocateActualDevice(iface) 0
+#  define networkNotifyActualDevice(iface) 0
+#  define networkReleaseActualDevice(iface) 0
+#  define networkGetNetworkAddress(netname, netaddr) (-2)
+#  define networkBuildDhcpDaemonCommandLine(network, cmdout, pidfile, dctx) 0
+# endif
+
+typedef char *(*networkDnsmasqLeaseFileNameFunc)(const char *netname);
+
+/* this allows the testsuite to replace the lease filename resolver function */
+extern networkDnsmasqLeaseFileNameFunc networkDnsmasqLeaseFileName;
+
+#endif /* __VIR_NETWORK__DRIVER_H */
diff --git a/src/network/default.xml b/src/network/default.xml
index 9cfc01e..df34d2e 100644
--- a/src/network/default.xml
+++ b/src/network/default.xml
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 <network>
   <name>default</name>
-  <bridge name="virbr0" />
+  <bridge name="bridge0" />
   <forward/>
   <ip address="192.168.122.1" netmask="255.255.255.0">
     <dhcp>
diff --git a/src/nodeinfo.c b/src/nodeinfo.c
index 096000b..db6f401 100644
--- a/src/nodeinfo.c
+++ b/src/nodeinfo.c
@@ -38,6 +38,11 @@
 # include <numa.h>
 #endif
 
+#if defined(__FreeBSD__)
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/sysctl.h>
+#endif
+
 #include "c-ctype.h"
 #include "memory.h"
 #include "nodeinfo.h"
@@ -841,6 +846,24 @@ error:
 }
 #endif
 
+#ifdef __FreeBSD__
+static int freebsdCPUCount(void);
+
+static int
+freebsdCPUCount(void)
+{
+    int ncpu_mib[2] = { CTL_HW, HW_NCPU };
+    unsigned long ncpu;
+    size_t ncpu_len = sizeof(ncpu);
+
+    if (sysctl(ncpu_mib, 2, &ncpu, &ncpu_len, NULL, 0) == -1) {
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    return ncpu;
+}
+#endif
+
 int nodeGetInfo(virConnectPtr conn ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED, virNodeInfoPtr nodeinfo) {
     struct utsname info;
 
@@ -871,6 +894,43 @@ cleanup:
     VIR_FORCE_FCLOSE(cpuinfo);
     return ret;
     }
+#elif defined(__FreeBSD__)
+    {
+    nodeinfo->nodes = 1;
+    nodeinfo->sockets = 1;
+    nodeinfo->cores = 1;
+    nodeinfo->threads = 1;
+
+    nodeinfo->cpus = freebsdCPUCount();
+
+    unsigned long cpu_freq;
+    size_t cpu_freq_len = sizeof(cpu_freq);
+
+    if (sysctlbyname("dev.cpu.0.freq", &cpu_freq, &cpu_freq_len, NULL, 0) < 0) {
+        virReportError(VIR_ERR_NO_SUPPORT, "%s",
+                    _("cannot obtain cpu freq"));
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    nodeinfo->mhz = cpu_freq;
+
+    /* get memory information */
+    int mib[2] = { CTL_HW, HW_PHYSMEM };
+    unsigned long physmem;
+    size_t len = sizeof(physmem);
+
+    if (sysctl(mib, 2, &physmem, &len, NULL, 0) == -1) {
+        virReportError(VIR_ERR_NO_SUPPORT, "%s",
+                    _("cannot obtain memory count"));
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    nodeinfo->memory = (unsigned long)(physmem / 1024);
+
+    VIR_DEBUG("memory: %lu", nodeinfo->memory);
+
+    return 0;
+    }
 #else
     /* XXX Solaris will need an impl later if they port QEMU driver */
     virReportError(VIR_ERR_NO_SUPPORT, "%s",
@@ -1008,6 +1068,8 @@ nodeGetCPUCount(void)
 
     VIR_FREE(cpupath);
     return i;
+#elif defined(__FreeBSD__)
+    return freebsdCPUCount();
 #else
     virReportError(VIR_ERR_NO_SUPPORT, "%s",
                    _("host cpu counting not implemented on this platform"));
diff --git a/src/qemu/qemu_capabilities.c b/src/qemu/qemu_capabilities.c
index 01a1b98..c445e83 100644
--- a/src/qemu/qemu_capabilities.c
+++ b/src/qemu/qemu_capabilities.c
@@ -1623,6 +1623,13 @@ uname_normalize(struct utsname *ut)
         ut->machine[3] == '6' &&
         ut->machine[4] == '\0')
         ut->machine[1] = '6';
+
+#if defined(__FreeBSD__)
+    /* We need to map 'amd64' -> 'x86_64' */
+    if (strncmp(ut->machine, "amd64", strlen(ut->machine) + 1) == 0) {
+       strlcpy(ut->machine, "x86_64", sizeof(ut->machine));
+    }
+#endif /* defined(__FreeBSD__) */
 }
 
 int qemuCapsGetDefaultVersion(virCapsPtr caps,
diff --git a/src/qemu/qemu_command.c b/src/qemu/qemu_command.c
index 5335dcf..bbbfbb7 100644
--- a/src/qemu/qemu_command.c
+++ b/src/qemu/qemu_command.c
@@ -270,11 +270,15 @@ qemuNetworkIfaceConnect(virDomainDefPtr def,
         tap_create_flags |= VIR_NETDEV_TAP_CREATE_VNET_HDR;
     }
 
+    VIR_WARN("%s, brname = %s, ifname = %s, mac = %s",
+                 __func__, brname, net->ifname, &net->mac);
     err = virNetDevTapCreateInBridgePort(brname, &net->ifname, &net->mac,
                                          def->uuid, &tapfd,
                                          virDomainNetGetActualVirtPortProfile(net),
                                          virDomainNetGetActualVlan(net),
                                          tap_create_flags);
+    VIR_WARN("%s, added ifname %s to bridge %s", __func__,
+                  net->ifname, brname);
     virDomainAuditNetDevice(def, net, "/dev/net/tun", tapfd >= 0);
     if (err < 0) {
         if (template_ifname)
@@ -6006,6 +6010,7 @@ qemuBuildCommandLine(virConnectPtr conn,
                 if (actualType == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_NETWORK ||
                     driver->privileged ||
                     (!qemuCapsGet(caps, QEMU_CAPS_NETDEV_BRIDGE))) {
+                    VIR_WARN("Before if connect");
                     int tapfd = qemuNetworkIfaceConnect(def, conn, driver, net,
                                                         caps);
                     if (tapfd < 0)
diff --git a/src/qemu/qemu_conf.c b/src/qemu/qemu_conf.c
index 8d380a1..b07b185 100644
--- a/src/qemu/qemu_conf.c
+++ b/src/qemu/qemu_conf.c
@@ -34,7 +34,9 @@
 #include <sys/wait.h>
 #include <arpa/inet.h>
 #include <sys/utsname.h>
+#ifdef HAVE_MNTENT_H
 #include <mntent.h>
+#endif /* HAVE_MNTENT_H */
 
 #include "virterror_internal.h"
 #include "qemu_conf.h"
diff --git a/src/qemu/qemu_driver.c b/src/qemu/qemu_driver.c
index e099c5c..4412544 100644
--- a/src/qemu/qemu_driver.c
+++ b/src/qemu/qemu_driver.c
@@ -2133,6 +2133,11 @@ qemuDomainDestroyFlags(virDomainPtr dom,
 
     qemuDomainSetFakeReboot(driver, vm, false);
 
+    /* We need to prevent monitor EOF callback from doing our work (and sending
+     * misleading events) while the vm is unlocked inside BeginJob API
+     */
+    priv->beingDestroyed = true;
+
     /* Although qemuProcessStop does this already, there may
      * be an outstanding job active. We want to make sure we
      * can kill the process even if a job is active. Killing
@@ -2146,11 +2151,6 @@ qemuDomainDestroyFlags(virDomainPtr dom,
             goto cleanup;
     }
 
-    /* We need to prevent monitor EOF callback from doing our work (and sending
-     * misleading events) while the vm is unlocked inside BeginJob API
-     */
-    priv->beingDestroyed = true;
-
     if (qemuDomainObjBeginJobWithDriver(driver, vm, QEMU_JOB_DESTROY) < 0)
         goto cleanup;
 
diff --git a/src/qemu/qemu_process.c b/src/qemu/qemu_process.c
index ab04599..574caee 100644
--- a/src/qemu/qemu_process.c
+++ b/src/qemu/qemu_process.c
@@ -27,7 +27,15 @@
 #include <sys/stat.h>
 #include <sys/time.h>
 #include <sys/resource.h>
+
+#if defined(__linux__)
 #include <linux/capability.h>
+#endif
+
+#if defined(__FreeBSD__)
+#include <sys/param.h>
+#include <sys/cpuset.h>
+#endif
 
 #include "qemu_process.h"
 #include "qemu_domain.h"
@@ -3704,11 +3712,13 @@ int qemuProcessStart(virConnectPtr conn,
     if (driver->clearEmulatorCapabilities)
         virCommandClearCaps(cmd);
 
+#if defined(__linux__)
     /* in case a certain disk is desirous of CAP_SYS_RAWIO, add this */
     for (i = 0; i < vm->def->ndisks; i++) {
         if (vm->def->disks[i]->rawio == 1)
             virCommandAllowCap(cmd, CAP_SYS_RAWIO);
     }
+#endif
 
     virCommandSetPreExecHook(cmd, qemuProcessHook, &hookData);
 
@@ -4132,6 +4142,10 @@ void qemuProcessStop(virQEMUDriverPtr driver,
                              virDomainNetGetActualVirtPortProfile(net),
                              driver->stateDir));
             VIR_FREE(net->ifname);
+        } else if (virDomainNetGetActualType(net) == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_BRIDGE) {
+            ignore_value(virNetDevBridgeRemovePort(virDomainNetGetActualBridgeName(net),
+                             net->ifname));
+            ignore_value(virNetDevTapDelete(net->ifname));
         }
         /* release the physical device (or any other resources used by
          * this interface in the network driver
diff --git a/src/rpc/virnetsocket.c b/src/rpc/virnetsocket.c
index a1b64d7..b676436 100644
--- a/src/rpc/virnetsocket.c
+++ b/src/rpc/virnetsocket.c
@@ -1090,8 +1090,7 @@ int virNetSocketGetPort(virNetSocketPtr sock)
     return port;
 }
 
-
-#ifdef SO_PEERCRED
+#if defined(SO_PEERCRED)
 int virNetSocketGetUNIXIdentity(virNetSocketPtr sock,
                                 uid_t *uid,
                                 gid_t *gid,
@@ -1115,6 +1114,34 @@ int virNetSocketGetUNIXIdentity(virNetSocketPtr sock,
     virMutexUnlock(&sock->lock);
     return 0;
 }
+#elif defined(LOCAL_PEERCRED)
+int virNetSocketGetUNIXIdentity(virNetSocketPtr sock,
+                                uid_t *uid,
+                                gid_t *gid,
+                                pid_t *pid)
+{
+    #include <sys/ucred.h>
+
+    struct xucred cr;
+    socklen_t cr_len = sizeof(cr);
+    virMutexLock(&sock->lock);
+
+    if (getsockopt(sock->fd, SOL_SOCKET, LOCAL_PEERCRED, &cr, &cr_len) < 0) {
+        virReportSystemError(errno, "%s",
+                             _("Failed to get client socket identity"));
+        virMutexUnlock(&sock->lock);
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    /* *pid = cr.pid; */
+    *pid = 0;
+    *uid = cr.cr_uid;
+    *gid = cr.cr_gid;
+
+    virMutexUnlock(&sock->lock);
+    return 0;
+}
+
 #else
 int virNetSocketGetUNIXIdentity(virNetSocketPtr sock ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
                                 uid_t *uid ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
diff --git a/src/util/bsd_virnetdevbridge.c b/src/util/bsd_virnetdevbridge.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d2c7398
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/util/bsd_virnetdevbridge.c
@@ -0,0 +1,522 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2007-2012 Red Hat, Inc.
+ *
+ * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+ * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+ * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+ * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+ * Lesser General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+ * License along with this library.  If not, see
+ * <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ *
+ * Authors:
+ *     Mark McLoughlin <markmc@xxxxxxxxxx>
+ *     Daniel P. Berrange <berrange@xxxxxxxxxx>
+ */
+
+#include <config.h>
+
+#include "virnetdevbridge.h"
+#include "virterror_internal.h"
+#include "util.h"
+#include "virfile.h"
+#include "command.h"
+#include "memory.h"
+#include "intprops.h"
+#include "logging.h"
+
+#include <sys/ioctl.h>
+#include <sys/socket.h>
+#include <net/if.h>
+#include <net/ethernet.h>
+#include <net/if_bridgevar.h>
+
+
+#define VIR_FROM_THIS VIR_FROM_NONE
+
+
+#ifdef SIOCBRADDBR
+static int virNetDevSetupControlFull(const char *ifname,
+                                     struct ifreq *ifr,
+                                     int domain,
+                                     int type)
+{
+    int fd;
+
+    if (ifname && ifr) {
+        memset(ifr, 0, sizeof(*ifr));
+
+        if (virStrcpyStatic(ifr->ifr_name, ifname) == NULL) {
+            virReportSystemError(ERANGE,
+                                 _("Network interface name '%s' is too long"),
+                                 ifname);
+            return -1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if ((fd = socket(domain, type, 0)) < 0) {
+        virReportSystemError(errno, "%s",
+                             _("Cannot open network interface control socket"));
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    if (virSetInherit(fd, false) < 0) {
+        virReportSystemError(errno, "%s",
+                             _("Cannot set close-on-exec flag for socket"));
+        VIR_FORCE_CLOSE(fd);
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    return fd;
+}
+
+
+static int virNetDevSetupControl(const char *ifname,
+                                 struct ifreq *ifr)
+{
+    return virNetDevSetupControlFull(ifname, ifr, AF_PACKET, SOCK_DGRAM);
+}
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __linux__
+# define SYSFS_NET_DIR "/sys/class/net"
+/*
+ * Bridge parameters can be set via sysfs on newish kernels,
+ * or by  ioctl on older kernels. Perhaps we could just use
+ * ioctl for every kernel, but its not clear what the long
+ * term lifespan of the ioctl interface is...
+ */
+static int virNetDevBridgeSet(const char *brname,
+                              const char *paramname,  /* sysfs param name */
+                              unsigned long value,    /* new value */
+                              int fd,                 /* control socket */
+                              struct ifreq *ifr)      /* pre-filled bridge name */
+{
+    char *path = NULL;
+    int ret = -1;
+
+    if (virAsprintf(&path, "%s/%s/bridge/%s", SYSFS_NET_DIR, brname, paramname) < 0) {
+        virReportOOMError();
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    if (virFileExists(path)) {
+        char valuestr[INT_BUFSIZE_BOUND(value)];
+        snprintf(valuestr, sizeof(valuestr), "%lu", value);
+        if (virFileWriteStr(path, valuestr, 0) < 0) {
+            virReportSystemError(errno,
+                                 _("Unable to set bridge %s %s"), brname, paramname);
+            goto cleanup;
+        }
+    } else {
+        unsigned long paramid;
+        if (STREQ(paramname, "stp_state")) {
+            paramid = BRCTL_SET_BRIDGE_STP_STATE;
+        } else if (STREQ(paramname, "forward_delay")) {
+            paramid = BRCTL_SET_BRIDGE_FORWARD_DELAY;
+        } else {
+            virReportSystemError(EINVAL,
+                                 _("Unable to set bridge %s %s"), brname, paramname);
+            goto cleanup;
+        }
+        unsigned long args[] = { paramid, value, 0, 0 };
+        ifr->ifr_data = (char*)&args;
+        if (ioctl(fd, SIOCDEVPRIVATE, ifr) < 0) {
+            virReportSystemError(errno,
+                                 _("Unable to set bridge %s %s"), brname, paramname);
+            goto cleanup;
+        }
+    }
+
+    ret = 0;
+cleanup:
+    VIR_FREE(path);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+
+static int virNetDevBridgeGet(const char *brname,
+                              const char *paramname,  /* sysfs param name */
+                              unsigned long *value,   /* current value */
+                              int fd,                 /* control socket */
+                              struct ifreq *ifr)      /* pre-filled bridge name */
+{
+    char *path = NULL;
+    int ret = -1;
+
+    if (virAsprintf(&path, "%s/%s/bridge/%s", SYSFS_NET_DIR, brname, paramname) < 0) {
+        virReportOOMError();
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    if (virFileExists(path)) {
+        char *valuestr;
+        if (virFileReadAll(path, INT_BUFSIZE_BOUND(unsigned long),
+                           &valuestr) < 0)
+            goto cleanup;
+
+        if (virStrToLong_ul(valuestr, NULL, 10, value) < 0) {
+            virReportSystemError(EINVAL,
+                                 _("Unable to get bridge %s %s"),
+                                 brname, paramname);
+            VIR_FREE(valuestr);
+            goto cleanup;
+        }
+        VIR_FREE(valuestr);
+    } else {
+        struct __bridge_info info;
+        unsigned long args[] = { BRCTL_GET_BRIDGE_INFO, (unsigned long)&info, 0, 0 };
+        ifr->ifr_data = (char*)&args;
+        if (ioctl(fd, SIOCDEVPRIVATE, ifr) < 0) {
+            virReportSystemError(errno,
+                                 _("Unable to get bridge %s %s"), brname, paramname);
+            goto cleanup;
+        }
+
+        if (STREQ(paramname, "stp_state")) {
+            *value = info.stp_enabled;
+        } else if (STREQ(paramname, "forward_delay")) {
+            *value = info.forward_delay;
+        } else {
+            virReportSystemError(EINVAL,
+                                 _("Unable to get bridge %s %s"), brname, paramname);
+            goto cleanup;
+        }
+    }
+
+    ret = 0;
+cleanup:
+    VIR_FREE(path);
+    return ret;
+}
+#endif /* __linux__ */
+
+
+/**
+ * virNetDevBridgeCreate:
+ * @brname: the bridge name
+ *
+ * This function register a new bridge
+ *
+ * Returns 0 in case of success or -1 on failure
+ */
+int virNetDevBridgeCreate(const char *brname)
+{
+    virCommandPtr cmd = NULL;
+    int ret = -1;
+
+    cmd = virCommandNew(IFCONFIG_PATH);
+    virCommandAddArgList(cmd, brname, "create", NULL);
+
+    if (virCommandRun(cmd, NULL) < 0)
+        goto cleanup;
+
+    ret = 0;
+
+cleanup:
+    virCommandFree(cmd);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+/**
+ * virNetDevBridgeDelete:
+ * @brname: the bridge name
+ *
+ * Remove a bridge from the layer.
+ *
+ * Returns 0 in case of success or an errno code in case of failure.
+ */
+int virNetDevBridgeDelete(const char *brname)
+{
+    virCommandPtr cmd = NULL;
+    int ret = -1;
+
+    cmd = virCommandNew(IFCONFIG_PATH);
+    virCommandAddArgList(cmd, brname, "destroy", NULL);
+
+    if (virCommandRun(cmd, NULL) < 0)
+        goto cleanup;
+
+    ret = 0;
+
+cleanup:
+    virCommandFree(cmd);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+/**
+ * virNetDevBridgeAddPort:
+ * @brname: the bridge name
+ * @ifname: the network interface name
+ *
+ * Adds an interface to a bridge
+ *
+ * Returns 0 in case of success or an errno code in case of failure.
+ */
+int virNetDevBridgeAddPort(const char *brname,
+                           const char *ifname)
+{
+    int s;
+    int ret = -1;
+    struct ifdrv ifd;
+    struct ifbreq req;
+
+    VIR_WARN("Adding iface %s to bridge %s", ifname, brname);
+    memset(&req, 0, sizeof(req));
+    memset(&ifd, 0, sizeof(ifd));
+    strlcpy(req.ifbr_ifsname, ifname, sizeof(req.ifbr_ifsname));
+    strlcpy(ifd.ifd_name, brname, sizeof(ifd.ifd_name));
+
+    ifd.ifd_cmd = BRDGADD;
+    ifd.ifd_len = sizeof(req);
+    ifd.ifd_data = &req;
+
+    s = socket(AF_LOCAL, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
+
+    if (ioctl(s, SIOCSDRVSPEC, &ifd) < 0) {
+        virReportSystemError(errno,
+                             _("Unable to add bridge %s port %s"), brname, ifname);
+         goto cleanup;
+    }
+
+    ret = 0;
+cleanup:
+    close(s);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+/**
+ * virNetDevBridgeRemovePort:
+ * @brname: the bridge name
+ * @ifname: the network interface name
+ *
+ * Removes an interface from a bridge
+ *
+ * Returns 0 in case of success or an errno code in case of failure.
+ */
+int virNetDevBridgeRemovePort(const char *brname,
+                              const char *ifname)
+{
+    int s;
+    int ret = -1;
+    struct ifdrv ifd;
+    struct ifbreq req;
+
+    VIR_WARN("Removing iface %s from bridge %s", ifname, brname);
+    memset(&req, 0, sizeof(req));
+    memset(&ifd, 0, sizeof(ifd));
+    strlcpy(req.ifbr_ifsname, ifname, sizeof(req.ifbr_ifsname));
+    strlcpy(ifd.ifd_name, brname, sizeof(ifd.ifd_name));
+
+    ifd.ifd_cmd = BRDGDEL;
+    ifd.ifd_len = sizeof(req);
+    ifd.ifd_data = &req;
+
+    s = socket(AF_LOCAL, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
+
+    if (ioctl(s, SIOCSDRVSPEC, &ifd) < 0) {
+        virReportSystemError(errno,
+                             _("Unable to remove bridge %s port %s"), brname, ifname);
+         goto cleanup;
+    }
+
+    ret = 0;
+cleanup:
+    close(s);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+
+#ifdef __linux__
+/**
+ * virNetDevBridgeSetSTPDelay:
+ * @brname: the bridge name
+ * @delay: delay in milliseconds
+ *
+ * Set the bridge forward delay
+ *
+ * Returns 0 in case of success or -1 on failure
+ */
+
+int virNetDevBridgeSetSTPDelay(const char *brname,
+                               int delay)
+{
+    int fd = -1;
+    int ret = -1;
+    struct ifreq ifr;
+
+    if ((fd = virNetDevSetupControl(brname, &ifr)) < 0)
+        goto cleanup;
+
+    ret = virNetDevBridgeSet(brname, "forward_delay", MS_TO_JIFFIES(delay),
+                             fd, &ifr);
+
+cleanup:
+    VIR_FORCE_CLOSE(fd);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * virNetDevBridgeGetSTPDelay:
+ * @brname: the bridge device name
+ * @delayms: the forward delay in milliseconds
+ *
+ * Retrives the forward delay for the bridge device @brname
+ * storing it in @delayms. The forward delay is only meaningful
+ * if STP is enabled
+ *
+ * Returns 0 on success, -1 on error+
+ */
+int virNetDevBridgeGetSTPDelay(const char *brname,
+                               int *delayms)
+{
+    int fd = -1;
+    int ret = -1;
+    struct ifreq ifr;
+    unsigned long i;
+
+    if ((fd = virNetDevSetupControl(brname, &ifr)) < 0)
+        goto cleanup;
+
+    ret = virNetDevBridgeGet(brname, "forward_delay", &i,
+                             fd, &ifr);
+    *delayms = JIFFIES_TO_MS(i);
+
+cleanup:
+    VIR_FORCE_CLOSE(fd);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * virNetDevBridgeSetSTP:
+ * @brname: the bridge name
+ * @enable: 1 to enable, 0 to disable
+ *
+ * Control whether the bridge participates in the spanning tree protocol,
+ * in general don't disable it without good reasons.
+ *
+ * Returns 0 in case of success or -1 on failure
+ */
+int virNetDevBridgeSetSTP(const char *brname,
+                          bool enable)
+{
+    int fd = -1;
+    int ret = -1;
+    struct ifreq ifr;
+
+    if ((fd = virNetDevSetupControl(brname, &ifr)) < 0)
+        goto cleanup;
+
+    ret = virNetDevBridgeSet(brname, "stp_state", enable ? 1 : 0,
+                             fd, &ifr);
+
+cleanup:
+    VIR_FORCE_CLOSE(fd);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * virNetDevBridgeGetSTP:
+ * @brname: the bridge device name
+ * @enabled: returns the STP state
+ *
+ * Determine the state of the spanning tree protocol on
+ * the device @brname, returning the state in @enabled
+ *
+ * Returns 0 on success, -1 on error
+ */
+int virNetDevBridgeGetSTP(const char *brname,
+                          bool *enabled)
+{
+    int fd = -1;
+    int ret = -1;
+    struct ifreq ifr;
+    unsigned long i;
+
+    if ((fd = virNetDevSetupControl(brname, &ifr)) < 0)
+        goto cleanup;
+
+    ret = virNetDevBridgeGet(brname, "stp_state", &i,
+                             fd, &ifr);
+    *enabled = i ? true : false;
+
+cleanup:
+    VIR_FORCE_CLOSE(fd);
+    return ret;
+}
+#else /* !__linux__ */
+int virNetDevBridgeSetSTPDelay(const char *brname,
+                               int delay)
+{
+    int s;
+    struct ifdrv ifd;
+    struct ifbrparam param;
+    int ret = -1;
+
+    VIR_WARN("brname = %s, delay = %d", brname, delay);
+
+    delay = delay < 4 ? 4 : delay;
+
+    memset(&ifd, 0, sizeof(ifd));
+    strlcpy(ifd.ifd_name, brname, sizeof(ifd.ifd_name));
+
+    param.ifbrp_fwddelay = ((u_long)delay) & 0xff;
+
+    ifd.ifd_cmd = BRDGSFD;
+    ifd.ifd_len = sizeof(param);
+    ifd.ifd_data = &param;
+
+    s = socket(AF_LOCAL, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
+
+    if (ioctl(s, SIOCSDRVSPEC, &ifd) < 0) {
+        virReportSystemError(errno,
+                             _("Unable to set STP delay on %s"), brname);
+         goto cleanup;
+    }
+
+    ret = 0;
+cleanup:
+    close(s);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+int virNetDevBridgeGetSTPDelay(const char *brname,
+                               int *delay ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
+{
+    virReportSystemError(ENOSYS,
+                         _("Unable to get STP delay on %s on this platform"),
+                         brname);
+    return -1;
+}
+
+int virNetDevBridgeSetSTP(const char *brname, bool enable)
+
+{
+    /*XXX
+     * It's not clear so far to how set STP flag on the bridge
+     * as Linux sets STP over the bridge and FreeBSD allows
+     * setting STP flag only per each device in the bridge.
+     * At the time when this call happens, there are no
+     * interfaces in the bridge yet. */
+    VIR_WARN("Setting STP on %s to %d", brname, enable ? 1 : 0);
+
+    return 0;
+}
+int virNetDevBridgeGetSTP(const char *brname,
+                          bool *enable ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
+{
+    virReportSystemError(ENOSYS,
+                         _("Unable to get STP on %s on this platform"),
+                         brname);
+    return -1;
+}
+#endif /* __linux__ */
diff --git a/src/util/bsd_virnetdevbridge.h b/src/util/bsd_virnetdevbridge.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..13776d2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/util/bsd_virnetdevbridge.h
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2007-2011 Red Hat, Inc.
+ *
+ * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+ * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+ * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+ * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+ * Lesser General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+ * License along with this library.  If not, see
+ * <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ *
+ * Authors:
+ *     Mark McLoughlin <markmc@xxxxxxxxxx>
+ *     Daniel P. Berrange <berrange@xxxxxxxxxx>
+ */
+
+#ifndef __VIR_NETDEV_BRIDGE_H__
+# define __VIR_NETDEV_BRIDGE_H__
+
+# include "internal.h"
+
+int virNetDevBridgeCreate(const char *brname)
+    ATTRIBUTE_NONNULL(1) ATTRIBUTE_RETURN_CHECK;
+int virNetDevBridgeDelete(const char *brname)
+    ATTRIBUTE_NONNULL(1) ATTRIBUTE_RETURN_CHECK;
+
+int virNetDevBridgeAddPort(const char *brname,
+                           const char *ifname)
+    ATTRIBUTE_NONNULL(1) ATTRIBUTE_NONNULL(2) ATTRIBUTE_RETURN_CHECK;
+
+int virNetDevBridgeRemovePort(const char *brname,
+                              const char *ifname)
+    ATTRIBUTE_NONNULL(1) ATTRIBUTE_NONNULL(2) ATTRIBUTE_RETURN_CHECK;
+
+int virNetDevBridgeSetSTPDelay(const char *brname,
+                               int delay)
+    ATTRIBUTE_NONNULL(1) ATTRIBUTE_RETURN_CHECK;
+int virNetDevBridgeGetSTPDelay(const char *brname,
+                               int *delay)
+    ATTRIBUTE_NONNULL(1) ATTRIBUTE_NONNULL(2) ATTRIBUTE_RETURN_CHECK;
+int virNetDevBridgeSetSTP(const char *brname,
+                          bool enable)
+    ATTRIBUTE_NONNULL(1) ATTRIBUTE_RETURN_CHECK;
+int virNetDevBridgeGetSTP(const char *brname,
+                          bool *enable)
+    ATTRIBUTE_NONNULL(1) ATTRIBUTE_NONNULL(2) ATTRIBUTE_RETURN_CHECK;
+
+#endif /* __VIR_NETDEV_BRIDGE_H__ */
diff --git a/src/util/bsd_virnetdevtap.c b/src/util/bsd_virnetdevtap.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f8c8542
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/util/bsd_virnetdevtap.c
@@ -0,0 +1,335 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2007-2012 Red Hat, Inc.
+ *
+ * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+ * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+ * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+ * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+ * Lesser General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+ * License along with this library.  If not, see
+ * <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ *
+ * Authors:
+ *     Mark McLoughlin <markmc@xxxxxxxxxx>
+ *     Daniel P. Berrange <berrange@xxxxxxxxxx>
+ */
+
+#include <config.h>
+
+#include "virmacaddr.h"
+#include "virnetdevtap.h"
+#include "virnetdev.h"
+#include "virnetdevbridge.h"
+#include "virnetdevopenvswitch.h"
+#include "virterror_internal.h"
+#include "virfile.h"
+#include "virterror_internal.h"
+#include "memory.h"
+#include "logging.h"
+#include "util.h"
+
+#include <sys/ioctl.h>
+#include <net/if.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#ifdef __linux__
+# include <linux/if_tun.h>    /* IFF_TUN, IFF_NO_PI */
+#endif
+
+#define VIR_FROM_THIS VIR_FROM_NONE
+
+/**
+ * virNetDevProbeVnetHdr:
+ * @tapfd: a tun/tap file descriptor
+ *
+ * Check whether it is safe to enable the IFF_VNET_HDR flag on the
+ * tap interface.
+ *
+ * Setting IFF_VNET_HDR enables QEMU's virtio_net driver to allow
+ * guests to pass larger (GSO) packets, with partial checksums, to
+ * the host. This greatly increases the achievable throughput.
+ *
+ * It is only useful to enable this when we're setting up a virtio
+ * interface. And it is only *safe* to enable it when we know for
+ * sure that a) qemu has support for IFF_VNET_HDR and b) the running
+ * kernel implements the TUNGETIFF ioctl(), which qemu needs to query
+ * the supplied tapfd.
+ *
+ * Returns 1 if VnetHdr is supported, 0 if not supported
+ */
+#ifdef IFF_VNET_HDR
+static int
+virNetDevProbeVnetHdr(int tapfd)
+{
+# if defined(IFF_VNET_HDR) && defined(TUNGETFEATURES) && defined(TUNGETIFF)
+    unsigned int features;
+    struct ifreq dummy;
+
+    if (ioctl(tapfd, TUNGETFEATURES, &features) != 0) {
+        VIR_INFO("Not enabling IFF_VNET_HDR; "
+                 "TUNGETFEATURES ioctl() not implemented");
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    if (!(features & IFF_VNET_HDR)) {
+        VIR_INFO("Not enabling IFF_VNET_HDR; "
+                 "TUNGETFEATURES ioctl() reports no IFF_VNET_HDR");
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    /* The kernel will always return -1 at this point.
+     * If TUNGETIFF is not implemented then errno == EBADFD.
+     */
+    if (ioctl(tapfd, TUNGETIFF, &dummy) != -1 || errno != EBADFD) {
+        VIR_INFO("Not enabling IFF_VNET_HDR; "
+                 "TUNGETIFF ioctl() not implemented");
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    VIR_INFO("Enabling IFF_VNET_HDR");
+
+    return 1;
+# else
+    (void) tapfd;
+    VIR_INFO("Not enabling IFF_VNET_HDR; disabled at build time");
+    return 0;
+# endif
+}
+#endif
+
+
+/**
+ * virNetDevTapCreate:
+ * @ifname: the interface name
+ * @tapfd: file descriptor return value for the new tap device
+ * @flags: OR of virNetDevTapCreateFlags. Only one flag is recognized:
+ *
+ *   VIR_NETDEV_TAP_CREATE_VNET_HDR
+ *     - Enable IFF_VNET_HDR on the tap device
+ *   VIR_NETDEV_TAP_CREATE_PERSIST
+ *     - The device will persist after the file descriptor is closed
+ *
+ * Creates a tap interface.
+ * If the @tapfd parameter is supplied, the open tap device file descriptor
+ * will be returned, otherwise the TAP device will be closed. The caller must
+ * use virNetDevTapDelete to remove a persistent TAP device when it is no
+ * longer needed.
+ *
+ * Returns 0 in case of success or -1 on failure.
+ */
+int virNetDevTapCreate(char **ifname,
+                       int *tapfd,
+                       unsigned int flags)
+{
+    int s;
+    struct ifreq ifr;
+    int ret = -1;
+
+    s = socket(AF_LOCAL, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
+    if (s < 0) {
+        virReportSystemError(errno, "%s",
+                             _("Unable to create socket"));
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    VIR_WARN("%s: ifname = %s", __func__, NULLSTR(*ifname));
+
+
+    memset(&ifr, 0, sizeof(ifr));
+
+    if (virStrcpyStatic(ifr.ifr_name, "tap") == NULL) {
+        virReportSystemError(ERANGE,
+                             _("Network interface name '%s' is too long"),
+                             *ifname);
+        goto cleanup;
+
+    }
+
+    if (ioctl(s, SIOCIFCREATE2, &ifr) < 0) {
+        virReportSystemError(errno,
+                             _("Unable to create tap device %s"),
+                             NULLSTR(*ifname));
+        goto cleanup;
+    }
+
+    VIR_WARN("%s: new ifname = %s", __func__,
+                 ifr.ifr_name);
+#if 0
+
+    if ((flags & VIR_NETDEV_TAP_CREATE_PERSIST) &&
+        (errno = ioctl(fd, TUNSETPERSIST, 1))) {
+        virReportSystemError(errno,
+                             _("Unable to set tap device %s to persistent"),
+                             NULLSTR(*ifname));
+        goto cleanup;
+    }
+#endif
+    VIR_FREE(*ifname);
+
+    if (!(*ifname = strdup(ifr.ifr_name))) {
+        virReportOOMError();
+        goto cleanup;
+    }
+
+    if (tapfd) {
+        char *dev_prefix = "/dev/";
+        char *dev_path;
+        int dev_path_len = strlen(dev_prefix) +  strlen(*ifname) + 1;
+
+        dev_path = malloc(dev_path_len * sizeof(char));
+        snprintf(dev_path, dev_path_len, "%s%s", dev_prefix, *ifname);
+
+        *tapfd = open(dev_path, O_RDWR);
+
+        if (dev_path)
+            free(dev_path);
+    }
+
+    ret = 0;
+cleanup:
+    if (ret < 0)
+        VIR_FORCE_CLOSE(s);
+
+    return ret;
+}
+
+
+int virNetDevTapDelete(const char *ifname)
+{
+    int s;
+    struct ifreq ifr;
+    int ret = -1;
+
+    s = socket(AF_LOCAL, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
+    if (s < 0) {
+        virReportSystemError(errno, "%s",
+                             _("Unable to create socket"));
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    memset(&ifr, 0, sizeof(ifr));
+
+    if (virStrcpyStatic(ifr.ifr_name, ifname) == NULL) {
+        virReportSystemError(ERANGE,
+                             _("Network interface name '%s' is too long"),
+                             ifname);
+        goto cleanup;
+
+    }
+
+    if (ioctl(s, SIOCIFDESTROY, &ifr) < 0) {
+        virReportSystemError(errno,
+                             _("Unable to remove tap device %s"),
+                             ifname);
+        goto cleanup;
+    }
+
+    ret = 0;
+cleanup:
+    close(s);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+/**
+ * virNetDevTapCreateInBridgePort:
+ * @brname: the bridge name
+ * @ifname: the interface name (or name template)
+ * @macaddr: desired MAC address
+ * @tapfd: file descriptor return value for the new tap device
+ * @virtPortProfile: bridge/port specific configuration
+ * @flags: OR of virNetDevTapCreateFlags:
+
+ *   VIR_NETDEV_TAP_CREATE_IFUP
+ *     - Bring the interface up
+ *   VIR_NETDEV_TAP_CREATE_VNET_HDR
+ *     - Enable IFF_VNET_HDR on the tap device
+ *   VIR_NETDEV_TAP_CREATE_USE_MAC_FOR_BRIDGE
+ *     - Set this interface's MAC as the bridge's MAC address
+ *   VIR_NETDEV_TAP_CREATE_PERSIST
+ *     - The device will persist after the file descriptor is closed
+ *
+ * This function creates a new tap device on a bridge. @ifname can be either
+ * a fixed name or a name template with '%d' for dynamic name allocation.
+ * in either case the final name for the bridge will be stored in @ifname.
+ * If the @tapfd parameter is supplied, the open tap device file descriptor
+ * will be returned, otherwise the TAP device will be closed. The caller must
+ * use virNetDevTapDelete to remove a persistent TAP device when it is no
+ * longer needed.
+ *
+ * Returns 0 in case of success or -1 on failure
+ */
+int virNetDevTapCreateInBridgePort(const char *brname,
+                                   char **ifname,
+                                   const virMacAddrPtr macaddr,
+                                   const unsigned char *vmuuid,
+                                   int *tapfd,
+                                   virNetDevVPortProfilePtr virtPortProfile,
+                                   virNetDevVlanPtr virtVlan,
+                                   unsigned int flags)
+{
+    virMacAddr tapmac;
+
+    if (virNetDevTapCreate(ifname, tapfd, flags) < 0)
+        return -1;
+
+    /* We need to set the interface MAC before adding it
+     * to the bridge, because the bridge assumes the lowest
+     * MAC of all enslaved interfaces & we don't want it
+     * seeing the kernel allocate random MAC for the TAP
+     * device before we set our static MAC.
+     */
+    virMacAddrSet(&tapmac, macaddr);
+    if (!(flags & VIR_NETDEV_TAP_CREATE_USE_MAC_FOR_BRIDGE)) {
+        if (macaddr->addr[0] == 0xFE) {
+            /* For normal use, the tap device's MAC address cannot
+             * match the MAC address used by the guest. This results
+             * in "received packet on vnetX with own address as source
+             * address" error logs from the kernel.
+             */
+            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
+                           _("Unable to use MAC address starting with "
+                             "reserved value 0xFE - '%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X' - "),
+                           macaddr->addr[0], macaddr->addr[1],
+                           macaddr->addr[2], macaddr->addr[3],
+                           macaddr->addr[4], macaddr->addr[5]);
+            goto error;
+        }
+        tapmac.addr[0] = 0xFE; /* Discourage bridge from using TAP dev MAC */
+    }
+
+    if (virNetDevSetMAC(*ifname, &tapmac) < 0)
+        goto error;
+
+    /* We need to set the interface MTU before adding it
+     * to the bridge, because the bridge will have its
+     * MTU adjusted automatically when we add the new interface.
+     */
+    if (virNetDevSetMTUFromDevice(*ifname, brname) < 0)
+        goto error;
+
+    if (virtPortProfile) {
+        if (virNetDevOpenvswitchAddPort(brname, *ifname, macaddr, vmuuid,
+                                        virtPortProfile, virtVlan) < 0) {
+            goto error;
+        }
+    } else {
+        if (virNetDevBridgeAddPort(brname, *ifname) < 0)
+            goto error;
+    }
+
+    if (virNetDevSetOnline(*ifname, !!(flags & VIR_NETDEV_TAP_CREATE_IFUP)) < 0)
+        goto error;
+
+    return 0;
+
+ error:
+    if (tapfd)
+        VIR_FORCE_CLOSE(*tapfd);
+
+    return -1;
+}
diff --git a/src/util/bsd_virnetdevtap.h b/src/util/bsd_virnetdevtap.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..980db61
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/util/bsd_virnetdevtap.h
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2007-2011 Red Hat, Inc.
+ *
+ * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+ * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+ * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+ * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+ * Lesser General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+ * License along with this library.  If not, see
+ * <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ *
+ * Authors:
+ *     Mark McLoughlin <markmc@xxxxxxxxxx>
+ *     Daniel P. Berrange <berrange@xxxxxxxxxx>
+ */
+
+#ifndef __VIR_NETDEV_TAP_H__
+# define __VIR_NETDEV_TAP_H__
+
+# include "internal.h"
+# include "virnetdevvportprofile.h"
+# include "virnetdevvlan.h"
+
+int virNetDevTapCreate(char **ifname,
+                       int *tapfd,
+                       unsigned int flags)
+    ATTRIBUTE_NONNULL(1) ATTRIBUTE_RETURN_CHECK;
+
+int virNetDevTapDelete(const char *ifname)
+    ATTRIBUTE_NONNULL(1) ATTRIBUTE_RETURN_CHECK;
+
+typedef enum {
+   VIR_NETDEV_TAP_CREATE_NONE = 0,
+   /* Bring the interface up */
+   VIR_NETDEV_TAP_CREATE_IFUP               = 1 << 0,
+   /* Enable IFF_VNET_HDR on the tap device */
+   VIR_NETDEV_TAP_CREATE_VNET_HDR           = 1 << 1,
+   /* Set this interface's MAC as the bridge's MAC address */
+   VIR_NETDEV_TAP_CREATE_USE_MAC_FOR_BRIDGE = 1 << 2,
+   /* The device will persist after the file descriptor is closed */
+   VIR_NETDEV_TAP_CREATE_PERSIST            = 1 << 3,
+} virNetDevTapCreateFlags;
+
+int virNetDevTapCreateInBridgePort(const char *brname,
+                                   char **ifname,
+                                   const virMacAddrPtr macaddr,
+                                   const unsigned char *vmuuid,
+                                   int *tapfd,
+                                   virNetDevVPortProfilePtr virtPortProfile,
+                                   virNetDevVlanPtr virtVlan,
+                                   unsigned int flags)
+    ATTRIBUTE_NONNULL(1) ATTRIBUTE_NONNULL(2) ATTRIBUTE_NONNULL(3)
+    ATTRIBUTE_RETURN_CHECK;
+
+
+#endif /* __VIR_NETDEV_TAP_H__ */
diff --git a/src/util/processinfo.c b/src/util/processinfo.c
index b1db049..77639d2 100644
--- a/src/util/processinfo.c
+++ b/src/util/processinfo.c
@@ -168,6 +168,24 @@ realloc:
     return 0;
 }
 
+#elif defined(__FreeBSD__)
+
+int virProcessInfoSetAffinity(pid_t pid, virBitmapPtr map)
+{
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int virProcessInfoGetAffinity(pid_t pid, virBitmapPtr *map, int maxcpu)
+{
+    *map = virBitmapNew(maxcpu);
+    if (!map) {
+        virReportOOMError();
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
 #else /* HAVE_SCHED_GETAFFINITY */
 
 int virProcessInfoSetAffinity(pid_t pid ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
@@ -179,8 +197,8 @@ int virProcessInfoSetAffinity(pid_t pid ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
 }
 
 int virProcessInfoGetAffinity(pid_t pid ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
-                              virBitmapPtr *map ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
-                              int maxcpu ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
+                               virBitmapPtr *map ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
+                               int maxcpu ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
 {
     virReportSystemError(ENOSYS, "%s",
                          _("Process CPU affinity is not supported on this platform"));
diff --git a/src/util/virinitctl.c b/src/util/virinitctl.c
index cdd3dc0..54030ee 100644
--- a/src/util/virinitctl.c
+++ b/src/util/virinitctl.c
@@ -101,7 +101,9 @@ struct virInitctlRequest {
     } i;
 };
 
+#if !defined(__FreeBSD__)
 verify(sizeof(struct virInitctlRequest) == 384);
+#endif
 
 /*
  * Send a message to init to change the runlevel
diff --git a/src/util/virnetdev.c b/src/util/virnetdev.c
index c345013..575d02d 100644
--- a/src/util/virnetdev.c
+++ b/src/util/virnetdev.c
@@ -32,9 +32,11 @@
 #include "logging.h"
 
 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
+#include <sys/socket.h>
 #include <net/if.h>
 #include <fcntl.h>
 
+
 #ifdef __linux__
 # include <linux/sockios.h>
 # include <linux/if_vlan.h>
@@ -42,6 +44,10 @@
 # undef HAVE_STRUCT_IFREQ
 #endif
 
+#ifdef __FreeBSD__
+# include <sys/sockio.h>
+#endif
+
 #define VIR_FROM_THIS VIR_FROM_NONE
 
 #if defined(HAVE_STRUCT_IFREQ)
@@ -119,6 +125,35 @@ cleanup:
     VIR_FORCE_CLOSE(fd);
     return ret;
 }
+#elif defined(__FreeBSD__)
+int virNetDevExists(const char *ifname)
+{
+    int s;
+    int ret = -1;
+
+    struct ifreq ifr;
+    memset(&ifr, 0, sizeof(ifr));
+    strlcpy(ifr.ifr_name, ifname, sizeof(ifr.ifr_name));
+
+    VIR_WARN("%s, ifname = %s", __func__, ifname);
+
+    s = socket(AF_LOCAL, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
+
+    if (ioctl(s, SIOCGIFFLAGS, &ifr) < 0) {
+        if (errno == ENXIO)
+            ret = 0;
+        else
+            virReportSystemError(errno,
+                                 _("Unable to check interface flags for %s"), ifname);
+        goto cleanup;
+    }
+
+    ret = 1;
+
+cleanup:
+    close(s);
+    return ret;
+}
 #else
 int virNetDevExists(const char *ifname)
 {
@@ -173,6 +208,51 @@ cleanup:
     VIR_FORCE_CLOSE(fd);
     return ret;
 }
+#elif defined(__FreeBSD__)
+#include <net/if_dl.h>
+
+int virNetDevSetMAC(const char *ifname,
+                    const virMacAddrPtr macaddr)
+{
+        struct ifreq ifr;
+        struct sockaddr_dl sdl;
+        uint8_t mac[19];
+        char *macstr;
+        int s;
+        int ret = -1;
+
+        macstr = malloc(sizeof(char) * VIR_MAC_STRING_BUFLEN);
+        virMacAddrFormat(&macaddr, macstr);
+
+        VIR_WARN("%s: setting mac addr on %s to %s",
+               __func__, ifname, macstr);
+
+        strncpy(ifr.ifr_name, ifname, IFNAMSIZ);
+        memset(mac, 0, sizeof(mac));
+        mac[0] = ':';
+        strncpy(mac + 1, macstr, strlen(macstr));
+        sdl.sdl_len = sizeof(sdl);
+        link_addr(mac, &sdl);
+
+        bcopy(sdl.sdl_data, ifr.ifr_addr.sa_data, 6);
+        ifr.ifr_addr.sa_len = 6;
+
+        s = socket(AF_LOCAL, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
+
+        if (ioctl(s, SIOCSIFLLADDR, &ifr) < 0) {
+            virReportSystemError(errno,
+                                 _("Cannot set interface MAC on '%s'"),
+                                ifname);
+            goto cleanup;
+        }
+
+        ret = 0;
+cleanup:
+        free(macstr);
+        close(s);
+
+        return ret;
+}
 #else
 int virNetDevSetMAC(const char *ifname,
                     const virMacAddrPtr macaddr ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
@@ -350,6 +430,34 @@ cleanup:
     VIR_FORCE_CLOSE(fd);
     return ret;
 }
+#elif defined(__FreeBSD__)
+int virNetDevGetMTU(const char *ifname)
+{
+    int s;
+    int ret;
+    struct ifreq ifr;
+
+    if ((s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) < 0) {
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    ifr.ifr_addr.sa_family = AF_INET;
+    strcpy(ifr.ifr_name, ifname);
+    if (ioctl(s, SIOCGIFMTU, (caddr_t)&ifr) < 0) {
+        virReportSystemError(errno,
+                             _("Cannot get interface MTU on '%s'"),
+                            ifname);
+        goto cleanup;
+    }
+
+    ret = ifr.ifr_mtu;
+
+    ret = 0;
+
+cleanup:
+    close(s);
+    return ret;
+}
 #else
 int virNetDevGetMTU(const char *ifname)
 {
@@ -396,6 +504,34 @@ cleanup:
     VIR_FORCE_CLOSE(fd);
     return ret;
 }
+#elif defined(__FreeBSD__)
+int virNetDevSetMTU(const char *ifname, int mtu)
+{
+    int s;
+    int ret;
+    struct ifreq ifr;
+
+    if ((s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) < 0) {
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    ifr.ifr_addr.sa_family = AF_INET;
+    strcpy(ifr.ifr_name, ifname);
+    ifr.ifr_mtu = mtu;
+
+    if (ioctl(s, SIOCGIFMTU, (caddr_t)&ifr) < 0) {
+        virReportSystemError(errno,
+                             _("Cannot get interface MTU on '%s'"),
+                            ifname);
+        goto cleanup;
+    }
+
+    ret = 0;
+
+cleanup:
+    close(s);
+    return ret;
+}
 #else
 int virNetDevSetMTU(const char *ifname, int mtu ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
 {
@@ -558,6 +694,50 @@ cleanup:
     VIR_FORCE_CLOSE(fd);
     return ret;
 }
+#elif defined(__FreeBSD__)
+int virNetDevSetOnline(const char *ifname,
+                       bool online)
+{
+    int s;
+    int ret = -1;
+    int ifflags;
+
+    VIR_WARN("%s, ifname = %s", __func__, ifname);
+
+    struct ifreq ifr;
+    memset(&ifr, 0, sizeof(ifr));
+    strlcpy(ifr.ifr_name, ifname, sizeof(ifr.ifr_name));
+
+    s = socket(AF_LOCAL, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
+
+    if (ioctl(s, SIOCGIFFLAGS, &ifr) < 0) {
+        virReportSystemError(errno,
+                             _("Cannot get interface flags on '%s'"),
+                             ifname);
+        goto cleanup;
+    }
+
+    if (online)
+        ifflags = ifr.ifr_flags | IFF_UP;
+    else
+        ifflags = ifr.ifr_flags & ~IFF_UP;
+
+    if (ifr.ifr_flags != ifflags) {
+        ifr.ifr_flags = ifflags;
+        if (ioctl(s, SIOCSIFFLAGS, &ifr) < 0) {
+            virReportSystemError(errno,
+                                 _("Cannot set interface flags on '%s'"),
+                                 ifname);
+            goto cleanup;
+        }
+    }
+
+    ret = 0;
+
+cleanup:
+    close(s);
+    return ret;
+}
 #else
 int virNetDevSetOnline(const char *ifname,
                        bool online ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
@@ -604,6 +784,36 @@ cleanup:
     VIR_FORCE_CLOSE(fd);
     return ret;
 }
+#elif defined(__FreeBSD__)
+int virNetDevIsOnline(const char *ifname,
+                      bool *online)
+{
+    int s;
+    int ret = -1;
+
+    struct ifreq ifr;
+    memset(&ifr, 0, sizeof(ifr));
+    strlcpy(ifr.ifr_name, ifname, sizeof(ifr.ifr_name));
+
+    VIR_WARN("%s, ifname = %s", __func__, ifname);
+
+    s = socket(AF_LOCAL, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
+
+    if (ioctl(s, SIOCGIFFLAGS, &ifr) < 0) {
+        virReportSystemError(errno,
+                             _("Cannot get interface flags on '%s'"),
+                             ifname);
+        goto cleanup;
+    }
+
+    *online = (ifr.ifr_flags & IFF_UP) ? true : false;
+    ret = 0;
+
+cleanup:
+    close(s);
+    return ret;
+
+}
 #else
 int virNetDevIsOnline(const char *ifname,
                       bool *online ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
@@ -750,12 +960,20 @@ int virNetDevSetIPv4Address(const char *ifname,
          !(bcaststr = virSocketAddrFormat(&broadcast)))) {
         goto cleanup;
     }
+#if defined(__FreeBSD__)
+    cmd = virCommandNew(IFCONFIG_PATH);
+    virCommandAddArgList(cmd, ifname, "inet", NULL);
+    virCommandAddArgFormat(cmd, "%s/%u", addrstr, prefix);
+    if (bcaststr)
+        virCommandAddArgList(cmd, "broadcast", bcaststr, NULL);
+#else
     cmd = virCommandNew(IP_PATH);
     virCommandAddArgList(cmd, "addr", "add", NULL);
     virCommandAddArgFormat(cmd, "%s/%u", addrstr, prefix);
     if (bcaststr)
         virCommandAddArgList(cmd, "broadcast", bcaststr, NULL);
     virCommandAddArgList(cmd, "dev", ifname, NULL);
+#endif
 
     if (virCommandRun(cmd, NULL) < 0)
         goto cleanup;
@@ -789,10 +1007,17 @@ int virNetDevClearIPv4Address(const char *ifname,
 
     if (!(addrstr = virSocketAddrFormat(addr)))
         goto cleanup;
+#if defined(__FreeBSD__)
+    cmd = virCommandNew(IFCONFIG_PATH);
+    virCommandAddArgList(cmd, ifname, "inet", NULL);
+    virCommandAddArgFormat(cmd, "%s/%u", addrstr, prefix);
+    virCommandAddArgList(cmd, "-alias", NULL);
+#else
     cmd = virCommandNew(IP_PATH);
     virCommandAddArgList(cmd, "addr", "del", NULL);
     virCommandAddArgFormat(cmd, "%s/%u", addrstr, prefix);
     virCommandAddArgList(cmd, "dev", ifname, NULL);
+#endif
 
     if (virCommandRun(cmd, NULL) < 0)
         goto cleanup;

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