[libvirt PATCH 34/51] rpc: Update format strings in translated messages

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Signed-off-by: Jiri Denemark <jdenemar@xxxxxxxxxx>
---
 src/rpc/gendispatch.pl        | 10 ++---
 src/rpc/virkeepalive.c        |  2 +-
 src/rpc/virnetclient.c        |  4 +-
 src/rpc/virnetclientprogram.c | 26 ++++++------
 src/rpc/virnetclientstream.c  |  6 +--
 src/rpc/virnetdaemon.c        |  6 +--
 src/rpc/virnetlibsshsession.c | 57 ++++++++++++-------------
 src/rpc/virnetmessage.c       | 21 +++++-----
 src/rpc/virnetsaslcontext.c   | 38 ++++++++---------
 src/rpc/virnetserver.c        |  2 +-
 src/rpc/virnetserverclient.c  |  4 +-
 src/rpc/virnetserverprogram.c | 12 +++---
 src/rpc/virnetsocket.c        | 42 +++++++++----------
 src/rpc/virnetsshsession.c    | 59 ++++++++++++--------------
 src/rpc/virnettlscontext.c    | 78 +++++++++++++++++------------------
 15 files changed, 178 insertions(+), 189 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/rpc/gendispatch.pl b/src/rpc/gendispatch.pl
index b186849606..e791d2c75c 100755
--- a/src/rpc/gendispatch.pl
+++ b/src/rpc/gendispatch.pl
@@ -1178,7 +1178,7 @@ elsif ($mode eq "server") {
         if ($modern_ret_as_list) {
             print "    if (nresults > $single_ret_list_max_define) {\n";
             print "        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,\n";
-            print "                       _(\"Too many ${single_ret_list_error_msg_type}s '%d' for limit '%d'\"),\n";
+            print "                       _(\"Too many ${single_ret_list_error_msg_type}s '%1\$d' for limit '%2\$d'\"),\n";
             print "                       nresults, $single_ret_list_max_define);\n";
             print "        goto cleanup;\n";
             print "    }\n";
@@ -1845,7 +1845,7 @@ elsif ($mode eq "client") {
             print "\n";
             print "    if ($args_check->{arg} > $args_check->{limit}) {\n";
             print "        virReportError(VIR_ERR_RPC,\n";
-            print "                       _(\"%s length greater than maximum: %d > %d\"),\n";
+            print "                       _(\"%1\$s length greater than maximum: %2\$d > %3\$d\"),\n";
             print "                       $args_check->{name}, (int)$args_check->{arg}, $args_check->{limit});\n";
             print "        goto done;\n";
             print "    }\n";
@@ -1855,7 +1855,7 @@ elsif ($mode eq "client") {
             print "\n";
             print "    if ($single_ret_list_max_var > $single_ret_list_max_define) {\n";
             print "        virReportError(VIR_ERR_RPC,\n";
-            print "                       _(\"too many remote ${single_ret_list_error_msg_type}s: %d > %d,\"\n";
+            print "                       _(\"too many remote ${single_ret_list_error_msg_type}s: %1\$d > %2\$d,\"\n";
             print "                         \"in parameter '$single_ret_list_name' for 'vir$call->{ProcName}'\"),\n";
             print "                       $single_ret_list_max_var, $single_ret_list_max_define);\n";
             print "        goto done;\n";
@@ -1917,7 +1917,7 @@ elsif ($mode eq "client") {
             $modern_ret_as_list) {
             print "    if (ret.$single_ret_list_name.${single_ret_list_name}_len > $single_ret_list_max_var) {\n";
             print "        virReportError(VIR_ERR_RPC,\n";
-            print "                       _(\"too many remote ${single_ret_list_error_msg_type}s: %d > %d,\"\n";
+            print "                       _(\"too many remote ${single_ret_list_error_msg_type}s: %1\$d > %2\$d,\"\n";
             print "                         \"in parameter '$single_ret_list_name' for 'vir$call->{ProcName}'\"),\n";
             print "                       ret.$single_ret_list_name.${single_ret_list_name}_len, $single_ret_list_max_var);\n";
             print "        goto cleanup;\n";
@@ -2219,7 +2219,7 @@ elsif ($mode eq "client") {
                     if ($action eq "Ensure") {
                         print "        if (rv == 0)\n";
                         print "            virReportError(VIR_ERR_ACCESS_DENIED,\n";
-                        print"                            _(\"'%s' denied access\"), conn->driver->name);\n";
+                        print"                            _(\"'%1\$s' denied access\"), conn->driver->name);\n";
                         print "        return $fail;\n";
                     } else {
                         print "        virResetLastError();\n";
diff --git a/src/rpc/virkeepalive.c b/src/rpc/virkeepalive.c
index 434cc2c7c9..d96bd347ad 100644
--- a/src/rpc/virkeepalive.c
+++ b/src/rpc/virkeepalive.c
@@ -249,7 +249,7 @@ virKeepAliveStart(virKeepAlive *ka,
         /* Guard against overflow */
         if (interval > INT_MAX / 1000) {
             virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
-                           _("keepalive interval %d too large"), interval);
+                           _("keepalive interval %1$d too large"), interval);
             goto cleanup;
         }
         ka->interval = interval;
diff --git a/src/rpc/virnetclient.c b/src/rpc/virnetclient.c
index 1202b0f30c..df2958935b 100644
--- a/src/rpc/virnetclient.c
+++ b/src/rpc/virnetclient.c
@@ -1138,7 +1138,7 @@ virNetClientCallDispatchReply(virNetClient *client)
 
     if (!thecall) {
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_RPC,
-                       _("no call waiting for reply with prog %d vers %d serial %d"),
+                       _("no call waiting for reply with prog %1$d vers %2$d serial %3$d"),
                        client->msg.header.prog, client->msg.header.vers, client->msg.header.serial);
         return -1;
     }
@@ -1327,7 +1327,7 @@ virNetClientCallDispatch(virNetClient *client)
     case VIR_NET_CALL_WITH_FDS:
     default:
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_RPC,
-                       _("got unexpected RPC call prog %d vers %d proc %d type %d"),
+                       _("got unexpected RPC call prog %1$d vers %2$d proc %3$d type %4$d"),
                        client->msg.header.prog, client->msg.header.vers,
                        client->msg.header.proc, client->msg.header.type);
         return -1;
diff --git a/src/rpc/virnetclientprogram.c b/src/rpc/virnetclientprogram.c
index b93c495347..abc8e6798a 100644
--- a/src/rpc/virnetclientprogram.c
+++ b/src/rpc/virnetclientprogram.c
@@ -216,25 +216,25 @@ int virNetClientProgramDispatch(virNetClientProgram *prog,
 
     /* Check version, etc. */
     if (msg->header.prog != prog->program) {
-        VIR_ERROR(_("program mismatch in event (actual 0x%x, expected 0x%x)"),
+        VIR_ERROR(_("program mismatch in event (actual 0x%1$x, expected 0x%2$x)"),
                   msg->header.prog, prog->program);
         return -1;
     }
 
     if (msg->header.vers != prog->version) {
-        VIR_ERROR(_("version mismatch in event (actual 0x%x, expected 0x%x)"),
+        VIR_ERROR(_("version mismatch in event (actual 0x%1$x, expected 0x%2$x)"),
                   msg->header.vers, prog->version);
         return -1;
     }
 
     if (msg->header.status != VIR_NET_OK) {
-        VIR_ERROR(_("status mismatch in event (actual 0x%x, expected 0x%x)"),
+        VIR_ERROR(_("status mismatch in event (actual 0x%1$x, expected 0x%2$x)"),
                   msg->header.status, VIR_NET_OK);
         return -1;
     }
 
     if (msg->header.type != VIR_NET_MESSAGE) {
-        VIR_ERROR(_("type mismatch in event (actual 0x%x, expected 0x%x)"),
+        VIR_ERROR(_("type mismatch in event (actual 0x%1$x, expected 0x%2$x)"),
                   msg->header.type, VIR_NET_MESSAGE);
         return -1;
     }
@@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ int virNetClientProgramDispatch(virNetClientProgram *prog,
     event = virNetClientProgramGetEvent(prog, msg->header.proc);
 
     if (!event) {
-        VIR_ERROR(_("No event expected with procedure 0x%x"),
+        VIR_ERROR(_("No event expected with procedure 0x%1$x"),
                   msg->header.proc);
         return -1;
     }
@@ -295,13 +295,13 @@ int virNetClientProgramCall(virNetClientProgram *prog,
     for (i = 0; i < msg->nfds; i++) {
         if ((msg->fds[i] = dup(outfds[i])) < 0) {
             virReportSystemError(errno,
-                                 _("Cannot duplicate FD %d"),
+                                 _("Cannot duplicate FD %1$d"),
                                  outfds[i]);
             goto error;
         }
         if (virSetInherit(msg->fds[i], false) < 0) {
             virReportSystemError(errno,
-                                 _("Cannot set close-on-exec %d"),
+                                 _("Cannot set close-on-exec %1$d"),
                                  msg->fds[i]);
             goto error;
         }
@@ -327,18 +327,18 @@ int virNetClientProgramCall(virNetClientProgram *prog,
     if (msg->header.type != VIR_NET_REPLY &&
         msg->header.type != VIR_NET_REPLY_WITH_FDS) {
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
-                       _("Unexpected message type %d"), msg->header.type);
+                       _("Unexpected message type %1$d"), msg->header.type);
         goto error;
     }
     if (msg->header.proc != proc) {
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
-                       _("Unexpected message proc %d != %d"),
+                       _("Unexpected message proc %1$d != %2$d"),
                        msg->header.proc, proc);
         goto error;
     }
     if (msg->header.serial != serial) {
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
-                       _("Unexpected message serial %d != %d"),
+                       _("Unexpected message serial %1$d != %2$d"),
                        msg->header.serial, serial);
         goto error;
     }
@@ -354,13 +354,13 @@ int virNetClientProgramCall(virNetClientProgram *prog,
             for (i = 0; i < *ninfds; i++) {
                 if (((*infds)[i] = dup(msg->fds[i])) < 0) {
                     virReportSystemError(errno,
-                                         _("Cannot duplicate FD %d"),
+                                         _("Cannot duplicate FD %1$d"),
                                          msg->fds[i]);
                     goto error;
                 }
                 if (virSetInherit((*infds)[i], false) < 0) {
                     virReportSystemError(errno,
-                                         _("Cannot set close-on-exec %d"),
+                                         _("Cannot set close-on-exec %1$d"),
                                          (*infds)[i]);
                     goto error;
                 }
@@ -378,7 +378,7 @@ int virNetClientProgramCall(virNetClientProgram *prog,
     case VIR_NET_CONTINUE:
     default:
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_RPC,
-                       _("Unexpected message status %d"), msg->header.status);
+                       _("Unexpected message status %1$d"), msg->header.status);
         goto error;
     }
 
diff --git a/src/rpc/virnetclientstream.c b/src/rpc/virnetclientstream.c
index e0e3178111..21e9332134 100644
--- a/src/rpc/virnetclientstream.c
+++ b/src/rpc/virnetclientstream.c
@@ -417,7 +417,7 @@ virNetClientStreamSetHole(virNetClientStream *st,
     /* Shouldn't happen, But it's better to safe than sorry. */
     if (st->holeLength) {
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
-                       _("unprocessed hole of size %lld already in the queue"),
+                       _("unprocessed hole of size %1$lld already in the queue"),
                        st->holeLength);
         return -1;
     }
@@ -462,7 +462,7 @@ virNetClientStreamHandleHole(virNetClient *client,
 
     if (msg->header.type != VIR_NET_STREAM_HOLE) {
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
-                       _("Invalid message prog=%d type=%d serial=%u proc=%d"),
+                       _("Invalid message prog=%1$d type=%2$d serial=%3$u proc=%4$d"),
                        msg->header.prog,
                        msg->header.type,
                        msg->header.serial,
@@ -851,7 +851,7 @@ int virNetClientStreamInData(virNetClientStream *st,
         st->holeLength = 0;
     } else {
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
-                       _("Invalid message prog=%d type=%d serial=%u proc=%d"),
+                       _("Invalid message prog=%1$d type=%2$d serial=%3$u proc=%4$d"),
                        msg->header.prog,
                        msg->header.type,
                        msg->header.serial,
diff --git a/src/rpc/virnetdaemon.c b/src/rpc/virnetdaemon.c
index c4f5bbdce5..1292faa078 100644
--- a/src/rpc/virnetdaemon.c
+++ b/src/rpc/virnetdaemon.c
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ virNetDaemonGetServer(virNetDaemon *dmn,
 
     if (!srv) {
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_NO_SERVER,
-                       _("No server named '%s'"), serverName);
+                       _("No server named '%1$s'"), serverName);
     }
 
     return srv;
@@ -324,7 +324,7 @@ virNetDaemonNewPostExecRestart(virJSONValue *object,
         size_t n = virJSONValueArraySize(servers);
         if (n > nDefServerNames) {
             virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
-                           _("Server count %zd greater than default name count %zu"),
+                           _("Server count %1$zd greater than default name count %2$zu"),
                            n, nDefServerNames);
             goto error;
         }
@@ -646,7 +646,7 @@ virNetDaemonSignalEvent(int watch,
     }
 
     virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
-                   _("Unexpected signal received: %d"), siginfo.si_signo);
+                   _("Unexpected signal received: %1$d"), siginfo.si_signo);
 
  cleanup:
     virObjectUnlock(dmn);
diff --git a/src/rpc/virnetlibsshsession.c b/src/rpc/virnetlibsshsession.c
index bba37210df..e71a79d0fb 100644
--- a/src/rpc/virnetlibsshsession.c
+++ b/src/rpc/virnetlibsshsession.c
@@ -261,10 +261,8 @@ virNetLibsshCheckHostKey(virNetLibsshSession *sess)
 
         /* host key verification failed */
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_AUTH_FAILED,
-                       _("!!! SSH HOST KEY VERIFICATION FAILED !!!: "
-                         "Identity of host '%s:%d' differs from stored identity. "
-                         "Please verify the new host key '%s' to avoid possible "
-                         "man in the middle attack. The key is stored in '%s'."),
+                       _("!!! SSH HOST KEY VERIFICATION FAILED !!!: Identity of host '%1$s:%2$d' differs from stored identity. "
+                         "Please verify the new host key '%3$s' to avoid possible man in the middle attack. The key is stored in '%4$s'."),
                        sess->hostname, sess->port,
                        keyhashstr, sess->knownHostsFile);
 
@@ -290,7 +288,7 @@ virNetLibsshCheckHostKey(virNetLibsshSession *sess)
             if (!keyhashstr)
                 return -1;
 
-            prompt = g_strdup_printf(_("Accept SSH host key with hash '%s' for " "host '%s:%d' (%s/%s)?"),
+            prompt = g_strdup_printf(_("Accept SSH host key with hash '%1$s' for host '%2$s:%3$d' (%4$s/%5$s)?"),
                                      keyhashstr, sess->hostname, sess->port, "y", "n");
 
             if (!(cred = virAuthAskCredential(sess->cred, prompt, true))) {
@@ -301,7 +299,7 @@ virNetLibsshCheckHostKey(virNetLibsshSession *sess)
             if (!cred->result ||
                 STRCASENEQ(cred->result, "y")) {
                 virReportError(VIR_ERR_LIBSSH,
-                               _("SSH host key for '%s' (%s) was not accepted"),
+                               _("SSH host key for '%1$s' (%2$s) was not accepted"),
                                sess->hostname, keyhashstr);
                 ssh_string_free_char(keyhashstr);
                 return -1;
@@ -314,7 +312,7 @@ virNetLibsshCheckHostKey(virNetLibsshSession *sess)
             if (ssh_session_update_known_hosts(sess->session) < 0) {
                 errmsg = ssh_get_error(sess->session);
                 virReportError(VIR_ERR_LIBSSH,
-                               _("failed to write known_host file '%s': %s"),
+                               _("failed to write known_host file '%1$s': %2$s"),
                                sess->knownHostsFile,
                                errmsg);
                 return -1;
@@ -326,7 +324,7 @@ virNetLibsshCheckHostKey(virNetLibsshSession *sess)
     case SSH_SERVER_ERROR:
         errmsg = ssh_get_error(sess->session);
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_LIBSSH,
-                       _("failed to validate SSH host key: %s"),
+                       _("failed to validate SSH host key: %1$s"),
                        errmsg);
         return -1;
 
@@ -395,14 +393,13 @@ virNetLibsshImportPrivkey(virNetLibsshSession *sess,
                                       sess, &key);
     if (ret == SSH_EOF) {
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_AUTH_FAILED,
-                       _("error while reading private key '%s'"),
+                       _("error while reading private key '%1$s'"),
                        priv->filename);
         return SSH_AUTH_ERROR;
     } else if (ret == SSH_ERROR) {
         if (virGetLastErrorCode() == VIR_ERR_OK) {
             virReportError(VIR_ERR_AUTH_FAILED,
-                           _("error while opening private key '%s', wrong "
-                             "passphrase?"),
+                           _("error while opening private key '%1$s', wrong passphrase?"),
                            priv->filename);
         }
         return SSH_AUTH_ERROR;
@@ -435,7 +432,7 @@ virNetLibsshAuthenticatePrivkey(virNetLibsshSession *sess,
     ret = ssh_pki_import_pubkey_file(tmp, &public_key);
     if (ret == SSH_ERROR) {
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_AUTH_FAILED,
-                       _("error while reading public key '%s'"),
+                       _("error while reading public key '%1$s'"),
                        tmp);
         err = SSH_AUTH_ERROR;
         goto error;
@@ -449,8 +446,7 @@ virNetLibsshAuthenticatePrivkey(virNetLibsshSession *sess,
         ret = ssh_pki_export_privkey_to_pubkey(private_key, &public_key);
         if (ret == SSH_ERROR) {
             virReportError(VIR_ERR_AUTH_FAILED,
-                           _("cannot export the public key from the "
-                             "private key '%s'"),
+                           _("cannot export the public key from the private key '%1$s'"),
                            priv->filename);
             err = SSH_AUTH_ERROR;
             goto error;
@@ -535,7 +531,7 @@ virNetLibsshAuthenticatePassword(virNetLibsshSession *sess)
         g_autoptr(virConnectCredential) cred = NULL;
         g_autofree char *prompt = NULL;
 
-        prompt = g_strdup_printf(_("Enter %s's password for %s"),
+        prompt = g_strdup_printf(_("Enter %1$s's password for %2$s"),
                                  sess->username, sess->hostname);
 
         if (!(cred = virAuthAskCredential(sess->cred, prompt, false)))
@@ -552,7 +548,7 @@ virNetLibsshAuthenticatePassword(virNetLibsshSession *sess)
  error:
     errmsg = ssh_get_error(sess->session);
     virReportError(VIR_ERR_AUTH_FAILED,
-                   _("authentication failed: %s"), errmsg);
+                   _("authentication failed: %1$s"), errmsg);
     return rc;
 }
 
@@ -632,7 +628,7 @@ virNetLibsshAuthenticateKeyboardInteractive(virNetLibsshSession *sess,
                                               cred->result) < 0) {
                 errmsg = ssh_get_error(sess->session);
                 virReportError(VIR_ERR_AUTH_FAILED,
-                               _("authentication failed: %s"), errmsg);
+                               _("authentication failed: %1$s"), errmsg);
                 return SSH_AUTH_ERROR;
             }
 
@@ -649,7 +645,7 @@ virNetLibsshAuthenticateKeyboardInteractive(virNetLibsshSession *sess,
         /* error path */
         errmsg = ssh_get_error(sess->session);
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_AUTH_FAILED,
-                       _("authentication failed: %s"), errmsg);
+                       _("authentication failed: %1$s"), errmsg);
     }
 
     return ret;
@@ -679,7 +675,7 @@ virNetLibsshAuthenticate(virNetLibsshSession *sess)
     if (ret == SSH_AUTH_ERROR) {
         errmsg = ssh_get_error(sess->session);
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_LIBSSH,
-                       _("Failed to authenticate as 'none': %s"),
+                       _("Failed to authenticate as 'none': %1$s"),
                        errmsg);
         return -1;
     }
@@ -708,7 +704,7 @@ virNetLibsshAuthenticate(virNetLibsshSession *sess)
             if (ret == SSH_AUTH_ERROR) {
                 errmsg = ssh_get_error(sess->session);
                 virReportError(VIR_ERR_LIBSSH,
-                               _("failed to authenticate using agent: %s"),
+                               _("failed to authenticate using agent: %1$s"),
                                errmsg);
             }
             break;
@@ -736,7 +732,7 @@ virNetLibsshAuthenticate(virNetLibsshSession *sess)
     if (sess->nauths == 1) {
         errmsg = ssh_get_error(sess->session);
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_LIBSSH,
-                       _("failed to authenticate: %s"),
+                       _("failed to authenticate: %1$s"),
                        errmsg);
     } else if (no_method && !auth_failed) {
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_AUTH_FAILED, "%s",
@@ -761,7 +757,7 @@ virNetLibsshOpenChannel(virNetLibsshSession *sess)
     if (!sess->channel) {
         errmsg = ssh_get_error(sess->session);
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_LIBSSH,
-                       _("failed to create libssh channel: %s"),
+                       _("failed to create libssh channel: %1$s"),
                        errmsg);
         return -1;
     }
@@ -769,7 +765,7 @@ virNetLibsshOpenChannel(virNetLibsshSession *sess)
     if (ssh_channel_open_session(sess->channel) != SSH_OK) {
         errmsg = ssh_get_error(sess->session);
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_LIBSSH,
-                       _("failed to open ssh channel: %s"),
+                       _("failed to open ssh channel: %1$s"),
                        errmsg);
         return -1;
     }
@@ -777,7 +773,7 @@ virNetLibsshOpenChannel(virNetLibsshSession *sess)
     if (ssh_channel_request_exec(sess->channel, sess->channelCommand) != SSH_OK) {
         errmsg = ssh_get_error(sess->session);
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_LIBSSH,
-                       _("failed to execute command '%s': %s"),
+                       _("failed to execute command '%1$s': %2$s"),
                        sess->channelCommand,
                        errmsg);
         return -1;
@@ -1058,7 +1054,7 @@ virNetLibsshSessionConnect(virNetLibsshSession *sess,
     if (ret < 0) {
         errmsg = ssh_get_error(sess->session);
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_NO_CONNECT,
-                       _("SSH session handshake failed: %s"),
+                       _("SSH session handshake failed: %1$s"),
                        errmsg);
         goto error;
     }
@@ -1103,8 +1099,7 @@ virNetLibsshChannelRead(virNetLibsshSession *sess,
     if (sess->state != VIR_NET_LIBSSH_STATE_HANDSHAKE_COMPLETE) {
         if (sess->state == VIR_NET_LIBSSH_STATE_ERROR_REMOTE)
             virReportError(VIR_ERR_LIBSSH,
-                           _("Remote program terminated "
-                             "with non-zero code: %d"),
+                           _("Remote program terminated with non-zero code: %1$d"),
                            sess->channelCommandReturnValue);
         else
             virReportError(VIR_ERR_LIBSSH, "%s",
@@ -1189,7 +1184,7 @@ virNetLibsshChannelRead(virNetLibsshSession *sess,
  eof:
         if (ssh_channel_get_exit_status(sess->channel)) {
             virReportError(VIR_ERR_LIBSSH,
-                           _("Remote command terminated with non-zero code: %d"),
+                           _("Remote command terminated with non-zero code: %1$d"),
                            ssh_channel_get_exit_status(sess->channel));
             sess->channelCommandReturnValue = ssh_channel_get_exit_status(sess->channel);
             sess->state = VIR_NET_LIBSSH_STATE_ERROR_REMOTE;
@@ -1224,7 +1219,7 @@ virNetLibsshChannelWrite(virNetLibsshSession *sess,
     if (sess->state != VIR_NET_LIBSSH_STATE_HANDSHAKE_COMPLETE) {
         if (sess->state == VIR_NET_LIBSSH_STATE_ERROR_REMOTE)
             virReportError(VIR_ERR_LIBSSH,
-                           _("Remote program terminated with non-zero code: %d"),
+                           _("Remote program terminated with non-zero code: %1$d"),
                            sess->channelCommandReturnValue);
         else
             virReportError(VIR_ERR_LIBSSH, "%s",
@@ -1236,7 +1231,7 @@ virNetLibsshChannelWrite(virNetLibsshSession *sess,
     if (ssh_channel_is_eof(sess->channel)) {
         if (ssh_channel_get_exit_status(sess->channel)) {
             virReportError(VIR_ERR_LIBSSH,
-                           _("Remote program terminated with non-zero code: %d"),
+                           _("Remote program terminated with non-zero code: %1$d"),
                            ssh_channel_get_exit_status(sess->channel));
             sess->state = VIR_NET_LIBSSH_STATE_ERROR_REMOTE;
             sess->channelCommandReturnValue = ssh_channel_get_exit_status(sess->channel);
@@ -1261,7 +1256,7 @@ virNetLibsshChannelWrite(virNetLibsshSession *sess,
         sess->state = VIR_NET_LIBSSH_STATE_ERROR;
         msg = ssh_get_error(sess->session);
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_LIBSSH,
-                       _("write failed: %s"), msg);
+                       _("write failed: %1$s"), msg);
     }
 
  cleanup:
diff --git a/src/rpc/virnetmessage.c b/src/rpc/virnetmessage.c
index c9698fb263..50cc335fd6 100644
--- a/src/rpc/virnetmessage.c
+++ b/src/rpc/virnetmessage.c
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ int virNetMessageDecodeLength(virNetMessage *msg)
 
     if (len < VIR_NET_MESSAGE_LEN_MAX) {
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_RPC,
-                       _("packet %d bytes received from server too small, want %d"),
+                       _("packet %1$d bytes received from server too small, want %2$d"),
                        len, VIR_NET_MESSAGE_LEN_MAX);
         goto cleanup;
     }
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ int virNetMessageDecodeLength(virNetMessage *msg)
 
     if (len > VIR_NET_MESSAGE_MAX) {
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_RPC,
-                       _("packet %d bytes received from server too large, want %d"),
+                       _("packet %1$d bytes received from server too large, want %2$d"),
                        len, VIR_NET_MESSAGE_MAX);
         goto cleanup;
     }
@@ -287,7 +287,7 @@ int virNetMessageEncodeNumFDs(virNetMessage *msg)
 
     if (numFDs > VIR_NET_MESSAGE_NUM_FDS_MAX) {
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_RPC,
-                       _("Too many FDs to send %d, expected %d maximum"),
+                       _("Too many FDs to send %1$d, expected %2$d maximum"),
                        numFDs, VIR_NET_MESSAGE_NUM_FDS_MAX);
         goto cleanup;
     }
@@ -325,7 +325,7 @@ int virNetMessageDecodeNumFDs(virNetMessage *msg)
 
     if (numFDs > VIR_NET_MESSAGE_NUM_FDS_MAX) {
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_RPC,
-                       _("Received too many FDs %d, expected %d maximum"),
+                       _("Received too many FDs %1$d, expected %2$d maximum"),
                        numFDs, VIR_NET_MESSAGE_NUM_FDS_MAX);
         goto cleanup;
     }
@@ -457,8 +457,7 @@ int virNetMessageEncodePayloadRaw(virNetMessage *msg,
             if ((msg->bufferOffset + len) >
                 (VIR_NET_MESSAGE_MAX + VIR_NET_MESSAGE_LEN_MAX)) {
                 virReportError(VIR_ERR_RPC,
-                               _("Stream data too long to send "
-                                 "(%zu bytes needed, %zu bytes available)"),
+                               _("Stream data too long to send (%1$zu bytes needed, %2$zu bytes available)"),
                                len,
                                VIR_NET_MESSAGE_MAX +
                                VIR_NET_MESSAGE_LEN_MAX -
@@ -549,20 +548,20 @@ int virNetMessageDupFD(virNetMessage *msg,
 
     if (slot >= msg->nfds) {
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
-                       _("No FD available at slot %zu"), slot);
+                       _("No FD available at slot %1$zu"), slot);
         return -1;
     }
 
     if ((fd = dup(msg->fds[slot])) < 0) {
         virReportSystemError(errno,
-                             _("Unable to duplicate FD %d"),
+                             _("Unable to duplicate FD %1$d"),
                              msg->fds[slot]);
         return -1;
     }
     if (virSetInherit(fd, false) < 0) {
         VIR_FORCE_CLOSE(fd);
         virReportSystemError(errno,
-                             _("Cannot set close-on-exec %d"),
+                             _("Cannot set close-on-exec %1$d"),
                              fd);
         return -1;
     }
@@ -576,14 +575,14 @@ int virNetMessageAddFD(virNetMessage *msg,
 
     if ((newfd = dup(fd)) < 0) {
         virReportSystemError(errno,
-                             _("Unable to duplicate FD %d"),
+                             _("Unable to duplicate FD %1$d"),
                              fd);
         goto error;
     }
 
     if (virSetInherit(newfd, false) < 0) {
         virReportSystemError(errno,
-                             _("Cannot set close-on-exec %d"),
+                             _("Cannot set close-on-exec %1$d"),
                              newfd);
         goto error;
     }
diff --git a/src/rpc/virnetsaslcontext.c b/src/rpc/virnetsaslcontext.c
index dbf777cfa3..7151225cc3 100644
--- a/src/rpc/virnetsaslcontext.c
+++ b/src/rpc/virnetsaslcontext.c
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ static int virNetSASLContextClientOnceInit(void)
     int err = sasl_client_init(NULL);
     if (err != SASL_OK) {
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_AUTH_FAILED,
-                       _("failed to initialize SASL library: %d (%s)"),
+                       _("failed to initialize SASL library: %1$d (%2$s)"),
                        err, sasl_errstring(err, NULL, NULL));
         return -1;
     }
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ static int virNetSASLContextServerOnceInit(void)
     int err = sasl_server_init(NULL, "libvirt");
     if (err != SASL_OK) {
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_AUTH_FAILED,
-                       _("failed to initialize SASL library: %d (%s)"),
+                       _("failed to initialize SASL library: %1$d (%2$s)"),
                        err, sasl_errstring(err, NULL, NULL));
         return -1;
     }
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ int virNetSASLContextCheckIdentity(virNetSASLContext *ctxt,
     }
 
     /* Denied */
-    VIR_ERROR(_("SASL client identity '%s' not allowed by ACL"), identity);
+    VIR_ERROR(_("SASL client identity '%1$s' not allowed by ACL"), identity);
 
     /* This is the most common error: make it informative. */
     virReportError(VIR_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR, "%s",
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ virNetSASLSession *virNetSASLSessionNewClient(virNetSASLContext *ctxt G_GNUC_UNU
                           &sasl->conn);
     if (err != SASL_OK) {
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_AUTH_FAILED,
-                       _("Failed to create SASL client context: %d (%s)"),
+                       _("Failed to create SASL client context: %1$d (%2$s)"),
                        err, sasl_errstring(err, NULL, NULL));
         goto cleanup;
     }
@@ -243,7 +243,7 @@ virNetSASLSession *virNetSASLSessionNewServer(virNetSASLContext *ctxt G_GNUC_UNU
                           &sasl->conn);
     if (err != SASL_OK) {
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_AUTH_FAILED,
-                       _("Failed to create SASL client context: %d (%s)"),
+                       _("Failed to create SASL client context: %1$d (%2$s)"),
                        err, sasl_errstring(err, NULL, NULL));
         goto cleanup;
     }
@@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ int virNetSASLSessionExtKeySize(virNetSASLSession *sasl,
     err = sasl_setprop(sasl->conn, SASL_SSF_EXTERNAL, &ssf);
     if (err != SASL_OK) {
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
-                       _("cannot set external SSF %d (%s)"),
+                       _("cannot set external SSF %1$d (%2$s)"),
                        err, sasl_errstring(err, NULL, NULL));
         goto cleanup;
     }
@@ -286,7 +286,7 @@ const char *virNetSASLSessionGetIdentity(virNetSASLSession *sasl)
     err = sasl_getprop(sasl->conn, SASL_USERNAME, &val);
     if (err != SASL_OK) {
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_AUTH_FAILED,
-                       _("cannot query SASL username on connection %d (%s)"),
+                       _("cannot query SASL username on connection %1$d (%2$s)"),
                        err, sasl_errstring(err, NULL, NULL));
         val = NULL;
         goto cleanup;
@@ -314,7 +314,7 @@ int virNetSASLSessionGetKeySize(virNetSASLSession *sasl)
     err = sasl_getprop(sasl->conn, SASL_SSF, &val);
     if (err != SASL_OK) {
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_AUTH_FAILED,
-                       _("cannot query SASL ssf on connection %d (%s)"),
+                       _("cannot query SASL ssf on connection %1$d (%2$s)"),
                        err, sasl_errstring(err, NULL, NULL));
         ssf = -1;
         goto cleanup;
@@ -350,7 +350,7 @@ int virNetSASLSessionSecProps(virNetSASLSession *sasl,
     err = sasl_setprop(sasl->conn, SASL_SEC_PROPS, &secprops);
     if (err != SASL_OK) {
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
-                       _("cannot set security props %d (%s)"),
+                       _("cannot set security props %1$d (%2$s)"),
                        err, sasl_errstring(err, NULL, NULL));
         goto cleanup;
     }
@@ -374,7 +374,7 @@ static int virNetSASLSessionUpdateBufSize(virNetSASLSession *sasl)
     err = sasl_getprop(sasl->conn, SASL_MAXOUTBUF, &u.ptr);
     if (err != SASL_OK) {
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
-                       _("cannot get security props %d (%s)"),
+                       _("cannot get security props %1$d (%2$s)"),
                        err, sasl_errstring(err, NULL, NULL));
         return -1;
     }
@@ -402,7 +402,7 @@ char *virNetSASLSessionListMechanisms(virNetSASLSession *sasl)
                         NULL);
     if (err != SASL_OK) {
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
-                       _("cannot list SASL mechanisms %d (%s)"),
+                       _("cannot list SASL mechanisms %1$d (%2$s)"),
                        err, sasl_errdetail(sasl->conn));
         goto cleanup;
     }
@@ -458,7 +458,7 @@ int virNetSASLSessionClientStart(virNetSASLSession *sasl,
         break;
     default:
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_AUTH_FAILED,
-                       _("Failed to start SASL negotiation: %d (%s)"),
+                       _("Failed to start SASL negotiation: %1$d (%2$s)"),
                        err, sasl_errdetail(sasl->conn));
         break;
     }
@@ -507,7 +507,7 @@ int virNetSASLSessionClientStep(virNetSASLSession *sasl,
         break;
     default:
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_AUTH_FAILED,
-                       _("Failed to step SASL negotiation: %d (%s)"),
+                       _("Failed to step SASL negotiation: %1$d (%2$s)"),
                        err, sasl_errdetail(sasl->conn));
         break;
     }
@@ -553,7 +553,7 @@ int virNetSASLSessionServerStart(virNetSASLSession *sasl,
         break;
     default:
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_AUTH_FAILED,
-                       _("Failed to start SASL negotiation: %d (%s)"),
+                       _("Failed to start SASL negotiation: %1$d (%2$s)"),
                        err, sasl_errdetail(sasl->conn));
         break;
     }
@@ -598,7 +598,7 @@ int virNetSASLSessionServerStep(virNetSASLSession *sasl,
         break;
     default:
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_AUTH_FAILED,
-                       _("Failed to start SASL negotiation: %d (%s)"),
+                       _("Failed to start SASL negotiation: %1$d (%2$s)"),
                        err, sasl_errdetail(sasl->conn));
         break;
     }
@@ -631,7 +631,7 @@ ssize_t virNetSASLSessionEncode(virNetSASLSession *sasl,
     virObjectLock(sasl);
     if (inputLen > sasl->maxbufsize) {
         virReportSystemError(EINVAL,
-                             _("SASL data length %zu too long, max %zu"),
+                             _("SASL data length %1$zu too long, max %2$zu"),
                              inputLen, sasl->maxbufsize);
         goto cleanup;
     }
@@ -645,7 +645,7 @@ ssize_t virNetSASLSessionEncode(virNetSASLSession *sasl,
 
     if (err != SASL_OK) {
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
-                       _("failed to encode SASL data: %d (%s)"),
+                       _("failed to encode SASL data: %1$d (%2$s)"),
                        err, sasl_errstring(err, NULL, NULL));
         goto cleanup;
     }
@@ -670,7 +670,7 @@ ssize_t virNetSASLSessionDecode(virNetSASLSession *sasl,
     virObjectLock(sasl);
     if (inputLen > sasl->maxbufsize) {
         virReportSystemError(EINVAL,
-                             _("SASL data length %zu too long, max %zu"),
+                             _("SASL data length %1$zu too long, max %2$zu"),
                              inputLen, sasl->maxbufsize);
         goto cleanup;
     }
@@ -683,7 +683,7 @@ ssize_t virNetSASLSessionDecode(virNetSASLSession *sasl,
     *outputlen = outlen;
     if (err != SASL_OK) {
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
-                       _("failed to decode SASL data: %d (%s)"),
+                       _("failed to decode SASL data: %1$d (%2$s)"),
                        err, sasl_errstring(err, NULL, NULL));
         goto cleanup;
     }
diff --git a/src/rpc/virnetserver.c b/src/rpc/virnetserver.c
index e97dfe8136..7233629f22 100644
--- a/src/rpc/virnetserver.c
+++ b/src/rpc/virnetserver.c
@@ -1110,7 +1110,7 @@ virNetServerGetClient(virNetServer *srv,
             return virObjectRef(client);
     }
 
-    virReportError(VIR_ERR_NO_CLIENT, _("No client with matching ID '%llu'"), id);
+    virReportError(VIR_ERR_NO_CLIENT, _("No client with matching ID '%1$llu'"), id);
     return NULL;
 }
 
diff --git a/src/rpc/virnetserverclient.c b/src/rpc/virnetserverclient.c
index bdb3552c5d..c0c018b6be 100644
--- a/src/rpc/virnetserverclient.c
+++ b/src/rpc/virnetserverclient.c
@@ -1116,7 +1116,7 @@ static ssize_t virNetServerClientRead(virNetServerClient *client)
 
     if (client->rx->bufferLength <= client->rx->bufferOffset) {
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_RPC,
-                       _("unexpected zero/negative length request %lld"),
+                       _("unexpected zero/negative length request %1$lld"),
                        (long long int)(client->rx->bufferLength - client->rx->bufferOffset));
         client->wantClose = true;
         return -1;
@@ -1289,7 +1289,7 @@ static ssize_t virNetServerClientWrite(virNetServerClient *client)
 
     if (client->tx->bufferLength < client->tx->bufferOffset) {
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_RPC,
-                       _("unexpected zero/negative length request %lld"),
+                       _("unexpected zero/negative length request %1$lld"),
                        (long long int)(client->tx->bufferLength - client->tx->bufferOffset));
         client->wantClose = true;
         return -1;
diff --git a/src/rpc/virnetserverprogram.c b/src/rpc/virnetserverprogram.c
index 58b6a278ca..2cce188a09 100644
--- a/src/rpc/virnetserverprogram.c
+++ b/src/rpc/virnetserverprogram.c
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ int virNetServerProgramUnknownError(virNetServerClient *client,
     virNetMessageError rerr;
 
     virReportError(VIR_ERR_RPC,
-                   _("Cannot find program %d version %d"), req->prog, req->vers);
+                   _("Cannot find program %1$d version %2$d"), req->prog, req->vers);
 
     memset(&rerr, 0, sizeof(rerr));
     return virNetServerProgramSendError(req->prog,
@@ -284,14 +284,14 @@ int virNetServerProgramDispatch(virNetServerProgram *prog,
     /* Check version, etc. */
     if (msg->header.prog != prog->program) {
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_RPC,
-                       _("program mismatch (actual %x, expected %x)"),
+                       _("program mismatch (actual %1$x, expected %2$x)"),
                        msg->header.prog, prog->program);
         goto error;
     }
 
     if (msg->header.vers != prog->version) {
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_RPC,
-                       _("version mismatch (actual %x, expected %x)"),
+                       _("version mismatch (actual %1$x, expected %2$x)"),
                        msg->header.vers, prog->version);
         goto error;
     }
@@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ int virNetServerProgramDispatch(virNetServerProgram *prog,
     case VIR_NET_STREAM_HOLE:
     default:
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_RPC,
-                       _("Unexpected message type %u"),
+                       _("Unexpected message type %1$u"),
                        msg->header.type);
         goto error;
     }
@@ -377,7 +377,7 @@ virNetServerProgramDispatchCall(virNetServerProgram *prog,
 
     if (msg->header.status != VIR_NET_OK) {
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_RPC,
-                       _("Unexpected message status %u"),
+                       _("Unexpected message status %1$u"),
                        msg->header.status);
         goto error;
     }
@@ -386,7 +386,7 @@ virNetServerProgramDispatchCall(virNetServerProgram *prog,
 
     if (!dispatcher) {
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_RPC,
-                       _("unknown procedure: %d"),
+                       _("unknown procedure: %1$d"),
                        msg->header.proc);
         goto error;
     }
diff --git a/src/rpc/virnetsocket.c b/src/rpc/virnetsocket.c
index b248ce24dc..910fb8dd67 100644
--- a/src/rpc/virnetsocket.c
+++ b/src/rpc/virnetsocket.c
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ virNetSocketCheckProtocolByLookup(const char *address,
             gaierr == EAI_NONAME) {
         } else {
             virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
-                           _("Cannot resolve %s address: %s"),
+                           _("Cannot resolve %1$s address: %2$s"),
                            address,
                            gai_strerror(gaierr));
             return -1;
@@ -346,7 +346,7 @@ int virNetSocketNewListenTCP(const char *nodename,
     e = getaddrinfo(nodename, service, &hints, &ai);
     if (e != 0) {
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR,
-                       _("Unable to resolve address '%s' service '%s': %s"),
+                       _("Unable to resolve address '%1$s' service '%2$s': %3$s"),
                        nodename, service, gai_strerror(e));
         return -1;
     }
@@ -495,7 +495,7 @@ int virNetSocketNewListenUNIX(const char *path,
     addr.data.un.sun_family = AF_UNIX;
     if (virStrcpyStatic(addr.data.un.sun_path, path) < 0) {
         virReportSystemError(ENAMETOOLONG,
-                             _("Path %s too long for unix socket"), path);
+                             _("Path %1$s too long for unix socket"), path);
         goto error;
     }
     if (addr.data.un.sun_path[0] == '@')
@@ -508,7 +508,7 @@ int virNetSocketNewListenUNIX(const char *path,
     if (bind(fd, &addr.data.sa, addr.len) < 0) {
         umask(oldmask);
         virReportSystemError(errno,
-                             _("Failed to bind socket to '%s'"),
+                             _("Failed to bind socket to '%1$s'"),
                              path);
         goto error;
     }
@@ -519,7 +519,7 @@ int virNetSocketNewListenUNIX(const char *path,
      */
     if (grp != 0 && chown(path, user, grp)) {
         virReportSystemError(errno,
-                             _("Failed to change ownership of '%s' to %d:%d"),
+                             _("Failed to change ownership of '%1$s' to %2$d:%3$d"),
                              path, (int)user, (int)grp);
         goto error;
     }
@@ -598,7 +598,7 @@ int virNetSocketNewConnectTCP(const char *nodename,
     e = getaddrinfo(nodename, service, &hints, &ai);
     if (e != 0) {
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR,
-                       _("Unable to resolve address '%s' service '%s': %s"),
+                       _("Unable to resolve address '%1$s' service '%2$s': %3$s"),
                        nodename, service, gai_strerror(e));
         return -1;
     }
@@ -625,7 +625,7 @@ int virNetSocketNewConnectTCP(const char *nodename,
 
     if (fd == -1) {
         virReportSystemError(savedErrno,
-                             _("unable to connect to server at '%s:%s'"),
+                             _("unable to connect to server at '%1$s:%2$s'"),
                              nodename, service);
         goto error;
     }
@@ -685,7 +685,7 @@ int virNetSocketNewConnectUNIX(const char *path,
 
         if (g_mkdir_with_parents(rundir, 0700) < 0) {
             virReportSystemError(errno,
-                                 _("Cannot create user runtime directory '%s'"),
+                                 _("Cannot create user runtime directory '%1$s'"),
                                  rundir);
             goto cleanup;
         }
@@ -694,12 +694,12 @@ int virNetSocketNewConnectUNIX(const char *path,
 
         if ((lockfd = open(lockpath, O_RDWR | O_CREAT, 0600)) < 0 ||
             virSetCloseExec(lockfd) < 0) {
-            virReportSystemError(errno, _("Unable to create lock '%s'"), lockpath);
+            virReportSystemError(errno, _("Unable to create lock '%1$s'"), lockpath);
             goto cleanup;
         }
 
         if (virFileLock(lockfd, false, 0, 1, true) < 0) {
-            virReportSystemError(errno, _("Unable to lock '%s'"), lockpath);
+            virReportSystemError(errno, _("Unable to lock '%1$s'"), lockpath);
             goto cleanup;
         }
     }
@@ -711,7 +711,7 @@ int virNetSocketNewConnectUNIX(const char *path,
 
     remoteAddr.data.un.sun_family = AF_UNIX;
     if (virStrcpyStatic(remoteAddr.data.un.sun_path, path) < 0) {
-        virReportSystemError(ENOMEM, _("Path %s too long for unix socket"), path);
+        virReportSystemError(ENOMEM, _("Path %1$s too long for unix socket"), path);
         goto cleanup;
     }
     if (remoteAddr.data.un.sun_path[0] == '@')
@@ -728,7 +728,7 @@ int virNetSocketNewConnectUNIX(const char *path,
         if (!spawnDaemonPath ||
             retries == 0 ||
             (errno != ENOENT && errno != ECONNREFUSED)) {
-            virReportSystemError(errno, _("Failed to connect socket to '%s'"),
+            virReportSystemError(errno, _("Failed to connect socket to '%1$s'"),
                                  path);
             goto cleanup;
         }
@@ -924,7 +924,7 @@ virNetSocketNewConnectLibSSH2(const char *host,
         verify = VIR_NET_SSH_HOSTKEY_VERIFY_NORMAL;
     } else {
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_INVALID_ARG,
-                       _("Invalid host key verification method: '%s'"),
+                       _("Invalid host key verification method: '%1$s'"),
                        knownHostsVerify);
         goto error;
     }
@@ -955,7 +955,7 @@ virNetSocketNewConnectLibSSH2(const char *host,
             ret = virNetSSHSessionAuthAddAgentAuth(sess);
         } else {
             virReportError(VIR_ERR_INVALID_ARG,
-                           _("Invalid authentication method: '%s'"),
+                           _("Invalid authentication method: '%1$s'"),
                            authMethod);
             ret = -1;
             goto error;
@@ -1050,7 +1050,7 @@ virNetSocketNewConnectLibssh(const char *host,
         verify = VIR_NET_LIBSSH_HOSTKEY_VERIFY_NORMAL;
     } else {
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_INVALID_ARG,
-                       _("Invalid host key verification method: '%s'"),
+                       _("Invalid host key verification method: '%1$s'"),
                        knownHostsVerify);
         goto error;
     }
@@ -1080,7 +1080,7 @@ virNetSocketNewConnectLibssh(const char *host,
             ret = virNetLibsshSessionAuthAddAgentAuth(sess);
         } else {
             virReportError(VIR_ERR_INVALID_ARG,
-                           _("Invalid authentication method: '%s'"),
+                           _("Invalid authentication method: '%1$s'"),
                            authMethod);
             ret = -1;
             goto error;
@@ -1259,14 +1259,14 @@ virJSONValue *virNetSocketPreExecRestart(virNetSocket *sock)
 
     if (virSetInherit(sock->fd, true) < 0) {
         virReportSystemError(errno,
-                             _("Cannot disable close-on-exec flag on socket %d"),
+                             _("Cannot disable close-on-exec flag on socket %1$d"),
                              sock->fd);
         goto error;
     }
     if (sock->errfd != -1 &&
         virSetInherit(sock->errfd, true) < 0) {
         virReportSystemError(errno,
-                             _("Cannot disable close-on-exec flag on pipe %d"),
+                             _("Cannot disable close-on-exec flag on pipe %1$d"),
                              sock->errfd);
         goto error;
     }
@@ -1764,7 +1764,7 @@ static ssize_t virNetSocketReadWire(virNetSocket *sock, char *buf, size_t len)
     if (ret < 0) {
         if (errout)
             virReportSystemError(errno,
-                                 _("Cannot recv data: %s"), errout);
+                                 _("Cannot recv data: %1$s"), errout);
         else
             virReportSystemError(errno, "%s",
                                  _("Cannot recv data"));
@@ -1778,7 +1778,7 @@ static ssize_t virNetSocketReadWire(virNetSocket *sock, char *buf, size_t len)
         } else {
             if (errout)
                 virReportSystemError(EIO,
-                                     _("End of file while reading data: %s"),
+                                     _("End of file while reading data: %1$s"),
                                      errout);
             else
                 virReportSystemError(EIO, "%s",
@@ -1985,7 +1985,7 @@ int virNetSocketSendFD(virNetSocket *sock, int fd)
             ret = 0;
         else
             virReportSystemError(errno,
-                                 _("Failed to send file descriptor %d"),
+                                 _("Failed to send file descriptor %1$d"),
                                  fd);
         goto cleanup;
     }
diff --git a/src/rpc/virnetsshsession.c b/src/rpc/virnetsshsession.c
index a3dd60f5a3..7bf27c161a 100644
--- a/src/rpc/virnetsshsession.c
+++ b/src/rpc/virnetsshsession.c
@@ -286,7 +286,7 @@ virNetSSHCheckHostKey(virNetSSHSession *sess)
     if (!key) {
         libssh2_session_last_error(sess->session, &errmsg, NULL, 0);
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_SSH,
-                       _("Failed to retrieve ssh host key: %s"),
+                       _("Failed to retrieve ssh host key: %1$s"),
                        errmsg);
         return -1;
     }
@@ -346,7 +346,7 @@ virNetSSHCheckHostKey(virNetSSHSession *sess)
             keyhashstr = virBufferContentAndReset(&buff);
 
             askKey.type = VIR_CRED_ECHOPROMPT;
-            askKey.prompt = g_strdup_printf(_("Accept SSH host key with hash '%s' for " "host '%s:%d' (%s/%s)?"),
+            askKey.prompt = g_strdup_printf(_("Accept SSH host key with hash '%1$s' for host '%2$s:%3$d' (%4$s/%5$s)?"),
                                             keyhashstr, sess->hostname, sess->port, "y", "n");
 
             if (sess->cred->cb(&askKey, 1, sess->cred->cbdata)) {
@@ -365,7 +365,7 @@ virNetSSHCheckHostKey(virNetSSHSession *sess)
             if (!askKey.result ||
                 STRCASENEQ(askKey.result, "y")) {
                 virReportError(VIR_ERR_SSH,
-                               _("SSH host key for '%s' (%s) was not accepted"),
+                               _("SSH host key for '%1$s' (%2$s) was not accepted"),
                                sess->hostname, keyhashstr);
                 VIR_FREE(keyhashstr);
                 VIR_FREE(askKey.result);
@@ -427,7 +427,7 @@ virNetSSHCheckHostKey(virNetSSHSession *sess)
                                    NULL) < 0) {
             libssh2_session_last_error(sess->session, &errmsg, NULL, 0);
             virReportError(VIR_ERR_SSH,
-                           _("unable to add SSH host key for host '%s': %s"),
+                           _("unable to add SSH host key for host '%1$s': %2$s"),
                            hostnameStr, errmsg);
             VIR_FREE(hostnameStr);
             return -1;
@@ -442,7 +442,7 @@ virNetSSHCheckHostKey(virNetSSHSession *sess)
                                          LIBSSH2_KNOWNHOST_FILE_OPENSSH) < 0) {
                 libssh2_session_last_error(sess->session, &errmsg, NULL, 0);
                 virReportError(VIR_ERR_SSH,
-                               _("failed to write known_host file '%s': %s"),
+                               _("failed to write known_host file '%1$s': %2$s"),
                                sess->knownHostsFile,
                                errmsg);
                 return -1;
@@ -458,10 +458,8 @@ virNetSSHCheckHostKey(virNetSSHSession *sess)
     case LIBSSH2_KNOWNHOST_CHECK_MISMATCH:
         /* host key verification failed */
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_AUTH_FAILED,
-                       _("!!! SSH HOST KEY VERIFICATION FAILED !!!: "
-                         "Identity of host '%s:%d' differs from stored identity. "
-                         "Please verify the new host key '%s' to avoid possible "
-                         "man in the middle attack. The key is stored in '%s'."),
+                       _("!!! SSH HOST KEY VERIFICATION FAILED !!!: Identity of host '%1$s:%2$d' differs from stored identity. "
+                         "Please verify the new host key '%3$s' to avoid possible man in the middle attack. The key is stored in '%4$s'."),
                        sess->hostname, sess->port,
                        knownHostEntry->key, sess->knownHostsFile);
         return -1;
@@ -469,7 +467,7 @@ virNetSSHCheckHostKey(virNetSSHSession *sess)
     case LIBSSH2_KNOWNHOST_CHECK_FAILURE:
         libssh2_session_last_error(sess->session, &errmsg, NULL, 0);
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_SSH,
-                       _("failed to validate SSH host key: %s"),
+                       _("failed to validate SSH host key: %1$s"),
                        errmsg);
         return -1;
 
@@ -525,7 +523,7 @@ virNetSSHAuthenticateAgent(virNetSSHSession *sess)
         VIR_WARNINGS_RESET
             libssh2_session_last_error(sess->session, &errmsg, NULL, 0);
             virReportError(VIR_ERR_AUTH_FAILED,
-                           _("failed to authenticate using SSH agent: %s"),
+                           _("failed to authenticate using SSH agent: %1$s"),
                            errmsg);
             return -1;
         }
@@ -549,7 +547,7 @@ virNetSSHAuthenticateAgent(virNetSSHSession *sess)
 
     libssh2_session_last_error(sess->session, &errmsg, NULL, 0);
     virReportError(VIR_ERR_AUTH_FAILED,
-                   _("failed to authenticate using SSH agent: %s"),
+                   _("failed to authenticate using SSH agent: %1$s"),
                    errmsg);
     return -1;
 }
@@ -586,8 +584,7 @@ virNetSSHAuthenticatePrivkey(virNetSSHSession *sess,
     VIR_WARNINGS_RESET
         libssh2_session_last_error(sess->session, &errmsg, NULL, 0);
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_AUTH_FAILED,
-                       _("authentication with private key '%s' "
-                         "has failed: %s"),
+                       _("authentication with private key '%1$s' has failed: %2$s"),
                        priv->filename, errmsg);
         return 1; /* auth failed */
     }
@@ -617,7 +614,7 @@ virNetSSHAuthenticatePrivkey(virNetSSHSession *sess,
         return -1;
     }
 
-    retr_passphrase.prompt = g_strdup_printf(_("Passphrase for key '%s'"),
+    retr_passphrase.prompt = g_strdup_printf(_("Passphrase for key '%1$s'"),
                                              priv->filename);
 
     if (sess->cred->cb(&retr_passphrase, 1, sess->cred->cbdata)) {
@@ -643,8 +640,7 @@ virNetSSHAuthenticatePrivkey(virNetSSHSession *sess,
     if (ret < 0) {
         libssh2_session_last_error(sess->session, &errmsg, NULL, 0);
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_AUTH_FAILED,
-                       _("authentication with private key '%s' "
-                         "has failed: %s"),
+                       _("authentication with private key '%1$s' has failed: %2$s"),
                        priv->filename, errmsg);
 
         VIR_WARNINGS_NO_WLOGICALOP_EQUAL_EXPR
@@ -709,7 +705,7 @@ virNetSSHAuthenticatePassword(virNetSSHSession *sess)
     /* error path */
     libssh2_session_last_error(sess->session, &errmsg, NULL, 0);
     virReportError(VIR_ERR_AUTH_FAILED,
-                   _("authentication failed: %s"), errmsg);
+                   _("authentication failed: %1$s"), errmsg);
 
     /* determine exist status */
     if (rc == LIBSSH2_ERROR_AUTHENTICATION_FAILED)
@@ -781,14 +777,14 @@ virNetSSHAuthenticateKeyboardInteractive(virNetSSHSession *sess,
         if (ret < 0) {
             libssh2_session_last_error(sess->session, &errmsg, NULL, 0);
             virReportError(VIR_ERR_AUTH_FAILED,
-                           _("keyboard interactive authentication failed: %s"),
+                           _("keyboard interactive authentication failed: %1$s"),
                            errmsg);
             return -1;
         }
     }
     libssh2_session_last_error(sess->session, &errmsg, NULL, 0);
     virReportError(VIR_ERR_AUTH_FAILED,
-                   _("keyboard interactive authentication failed: %s"),
+                   _("keyboard interactive authentication failed: %1$s"),
                    errmsg);
     return 1;
 }
@@ -824,7 +820,7 @@ virNetSSHAuthenticate(virNetSSHSession *sess)
 
         libssh2_session_last_error(sess->session, &errmsg, NULL, 0);
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_SSH,
-                       _("couldn't retrieve authentication methods list: %s"),
+                       _("couldn't retrieve authentication methods list: %1$s"),
                        errmsg);
         return -1;
     }
@@ -895,7 +891,7 @@ virNetSSHOpenChannel(virNetSSHSession *sess)
     if (!sess->channel) {
         libssh2_session_last_error(sess->session, &errmsg, NULL, 0);
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_SSH,
-                       _("failed to open ssh channel: %s"),
+                       _("failed to open ssh channel: %1$s"),
                        errmsg);
         return -1;
     }
@@ -903,7 +899,7 @@ virNetSSHOpenChannel(virNetSSHSession *sess)
     if (libssh2_channel_exec(sess->channel, sess->channelCommand) != 0) {
         libssh2_session_last_error(sess->session, &errmsg, NULL, 0);
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_SSH,
-                       _("failed to execute command '%s': %s"),
+                       _("failed to execute command '%1$s': %2$s"),
                        sess->channelCommand,
                        errmsg);
         return -1;
@@ -1080,13 +1076,13 @@ virNetSSHSessionSetHostKeyVerification(virNetSSHSession *sess,
                                            LIBSSH2_KNOWNHOST_FILE_OPENSSH) < 0) {
                 libssh2_session_last_error(sess->session, &errmsg, NULL, 0);
                 virReportError(VIR_ERR_SSH,
-                               _("unable to load knownhosts file '%s': %s"),
+                               _("unable to load knownhosts file '%1$s': %2$s"),
                                hostsfile, errmsg);
                 goto error;
             }
         } else if (!(flags & VIR_NET_SSH_HOSTKEY_FILE_CREATE)) {
             virReportError(VIR_ERR_SSH,
-                           _("known hosts file '%s' does not exist"),
+                           _("known hosts file '%1$s' does not exist"),
                            hostsfile);
             goto error;
         }
@@ -1186,7 +1182,7 @@ virNetSSHSessionConnect(virNetSSHSession *sess,
     if (ret < 0) {
         libssh2_session_last_error(sess->session, &errmsg, NULL, 0);
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_NO_CONNECT,
-                       _("SSH session handshake failed: %s"),
+                       _("SSH session handshake failed: %1$s"),
                        errmsg);
         goto error;
     }
@@ -1231,8 +1227,7 @@ virNetSSHChannelRead(virNetSSHSession *sess,
     if (sess->state != VIR_NET_SSH_STATE_HANDSHAKE_COMPLETE) {
         if (sess->state == VIR_NET_SSH_STATE_ERROR_REMOTE)
             virReportError(VIR_ERR_SSH,
-                           _("Remote program terminated "
-                             "with non-zero code: %d"),
+                           _("Remote program terminated with non-zero code: %1$d"),
                            sess->channelCommandReturnValue);
         else
             virReportError(VIR_ERR_SSH, "%s",
@@ -1307,7 +1302,7 @@ virNetSSHChannelRead(virNetSSHSession *sess,
     if (libssh2_channel_eof(sess->channel)) {
         if (libssh2_channel_get_exit_status(sess->channel)) {
             virReportError(VIR_ERR_SSH,
-                           _("Remote command terminated with non-zero code: %d"),
+                           _("Remote command terminated with non-zero code: %1$d"),
                            libssh2_channel_get_exit_status(sess->channel));
             sess->channelCommandReturnValue = libssh2_channel_get_exit_status(sess->channel);
             sess->state = VIR_NET_SSH_STATE_ERROR_REMOTE;
@@ -1342,7 +1337,7 @@ virNetSSHChannelWrite(virNetSSHSession *sess,
     if (sess->state != VIR_NET_SSH_STATE_HANDSHAKE_COMPLETE) {
         if (sess->state == VIR_NET_SSH_STATE_ERROR_REMOTE)
             virReportError(VIR_ERR_SSH,
-                           _("Remote program terminated with non-zero code: %d"),
+                           _("Remote program terminated with non-zero code: %1$d"),
                            sess->channelCommandReturnValue);
         else
             virReportError(VIR_ERR_SSH, "%s",
@@ -1354,7 +1349,7 @@ virNetSSHChannelWrite(virNetSSHSession *sess,
     if (libssh2_channel_eof(sess->channel)) {
         if (libssh2_channel_get_exit_status(sess->channel)) {
             virReportError(VIR_ERR_SSH,
-                           _("Remote program terminated with non-zero code: %d"),
+                           _("Remote program terminated with non-zero code: %1$d"),
                            libssh2_channel_get_exit_status(sess->channel));
             sess->state = VIR_NET_SSH_STATE_ERROR_REMOTE;
             sess->channelCommandReturnValue = libssh2_channel_get_exit_status(sess->channel);
@@ -1379,7 +1374,7 @@ virNetSSHChannelWrite(virNetSSHSession *sess,
         sess->state = VIR_NET_SSH_STATE_ERROR;
         libssh2_session_last_error(sess->session, &msg, NULL, 0);
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_SSH,
-                       _("write failed: %s"), msg);
+                       _("write failed: %1$s"), msg);
     }
 
  cleanup:
diff --git a/src/rpc/virnettlscontext.c b/src/rpc/virnettlscontext.c
index cfd26f0701..f72597ee80 100644
--- a/src/rpc/virnettlscontext.c
+++ b/src/rpc/virnettlscontext.c
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ virNetTLSContextCheckCertFile(const char *type, const char *file, bool allowMiss
             return 1;
 
         virReportSystemError(errno,
-                             _("Cannot read %s '%s'"),
+                             _("Cannot read %1$s '%2$s'"),
                              type, file);
         return -1;
     }
@@ -134,10 +134,10 @@ static int virNetTLSContextCheckCertTimes(gnutls_x509_crt_t cert,
     if (gnutls_x509_crt_get_expiration_time(cert) < now) {
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR,
                        (isCA ?
-                        _("The CA certificate %s has expired") :
+                        _("The CA certificate %1$s has expired") :
                         (isServer ?
-                         _("The server certificate %s has expired") :
-                         _("The client certificate %s has expired"))),
+                         _("The server certificate %1$s has expired") :
+                         _("The client certificate %1$s has expired"))),
                        certFile);
         return -1;
     }
@@ -145,10 +145,10 @@ static int virNetTLSContextCheckCertTimes(gnutls_x509_crt_t cert,
     if (gnutls_x509_crt_get_activation_time(cert) > now) {
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR,
                        (isCA ?
-                        _("The CA certificate %s is not yet active") :
+                        _("The CA certificate %1$s is not yet active") :
                         (isServer ?
-                         _("The server certificate %s is not yet active") :
-                         _("The client certificate %s is not yet active"))),
+                         _("The server certificate %1$s is not yet active") :
+                         _("The client certificate %1$s is not yet active"))),
                        certFile);
         return -1;
     }
@@ -170,28 +170,28 @@ static int virNetTLSContextCheckCertBasicConstraints(gnutls_x509_crt_t cert,
     if (status > 0) { /* It is a CA cert */
         if (!isCA) {
             virReportError(VIR_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR, isServer ?
-                           _("The certificate %s basic constraints show a CA, but we need one for a server") :
-                           _("The certificate %s basic constraints show a CA, but we need one for a client"),
+                           _("The certificate %1$s basic constraints show a CA, but we need one for a server") :
+                           _("The certificate %1$s basic constraints show a CA, but we need one for a client"),
                            certFile);
             return -1;
         }
     } else if (status == 0) { /* It is not a CA cert */
         if (isCA) {
             virReportError(VIR_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR,
-                           _("The certificate %s basic constraints do not show a CA"),
+                           _("The certificate %1$s basic constraints do not show a CA"),
                            certFile);
             return -1;
         }
     } else if (status == GNUTLS_E_REQUESTED_DATA_NOT_AVAILABLE) { /* Missing basicConstraints */
         if (isCA) {
             virReportError(VIR_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR,
-                           _("The certificate %s is missing basic constraints for a CA"),
+                           _("The certificate %1$s is missing basic constraints for a CA"),
                            certFile);
             return -1;
         }
     } else { /* General error */
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR,
-                       _("Unable to query certificate %s basic constraints %s"),
+                       _("Unable to query certificate %1$s basic constraints %2$s"),
                        certFile, gnutls_strerror(status));
         return -1;
     }
@@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ static int virNetTLSContextCheckCertKeyUsage(gnutls_x509_crt_t cert,
                 GNUTLS_KEY_DIGITAL_SIGNATURE|GNUTLS_KEY_KEY_ENCIPHERMENT;
         } else {
             virReportError(VIR_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR,
-                           _("Unable to query certificate %s key usage %s"),
+                           _("Unable to query certificate %1$s key usage %2$s"),
                            certFile, gnutls_strerror(status));
             return -1;
         }
@@ -227,7 +227,7 @@ static int virNetTLSContextCheckCertKeyUsage(gnutls_x509_crt_t cert,
         if (!(usage & GNUTLS_KEY_KEY_CERT_SIGN)) {
             if (critical) {
                 virReportError(VIR_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR,
-                               _("Certificate %s usage does not permit certificate signing"),
+                               _("Certificate %1$s usage does not permit certificate signing"),
                                certFile);
                 return -1;
             } else {
@@ -239,7 +239,7 @@ static int virNetTLSContextCheckCertKeyUsage(gnutls_x509_crt_t cert,
         if (!(usage & GNUTLS_KEY_DIGITAL_SIGNATURE)) {
             if (critical) {
                 virReportError(VIR_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR,
-                               _("Certificate %s usage does not permit digital signature"),
+                               _("Certificate %1$s usage does not permit digital signature"),
                                certFile);
                 return -1;
             } else {
@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@ static int virNetTLSContextCheckCertKeyUsage(gnutls_x509_crt_t cert,
         if (!(usage & GNUTLS_KEY_KEY_ENCIPHERMENT)) {
             if (critical) {
                 virReportError(VIR_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR,
-                               _("Certificate %s usage does not permit key encipherment"),
+                               _("Certificate %1$s usage does not permit key encipherment"),
                                certFile);
                 return -1;
             } else {
@@ -291,7 +291,7 @@ static int virNetTLSContextCheckCertKeyPurpose(gnutls_x509_crt_t cert,
         }
         if (status != GNUTLS_E_SHORT_MEMORY_BUFFER) {
             virReportError(VIR_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR,
-                           _("Unable to query certificate %s key purpose %s"),
+                           _("Unable to query certificate %1$s key purpose %2$s"),
                            certFile, gnutls_strerror(status));
             return -1;
         }
@@ -301,7 +301,7 @@ static int virNetTLSContextCheckCertKeyPurpose(gnutls_x509_crt_t cert,
         if (status < 0) {
             VIR_FREE(buffer);
             virReportError(VIR_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR,
-                           _("Unable to query certificate %s key purpose %s"),
+                           _("Unable to query certificate %1$s key purpose %2$s"),
                            certFile, gnutls_strerror(status));
             return -1;
         }
@@ -324,7 +324,7 @@ static int virNetTLSContextCheckCertKeyPurpose(gnutls_x509_crt_t cert,
         if (!allowServer) {
             if (critical) {
                 virReportError(VIR_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR,
-                               _("Certificate %s purpose does not allow use for with a TLS server"),
+                               _("Certificate %1$s purpose does not allow use for with a TLS server"),
                                certFile);
                 return -1;
             } else {
@@ -336,7 +336,7 @@ static int virNetTLSContextCheckCertKeyPurpose(gnutls_x509_crt_t cert,
         if (!allowClient) {
             if (critical) {
                 virReportError(VIR_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR,
-                               _("Certificate %s purpose does not allow use for with a TLS client"),
+                               _("Certificate %1$s purpose does not allow use for with a TLS client"),
                                certFile);
                 return -1;
             } else {
@@ -389,7 +389,7 @@ virNetTLSContextCheckCertDN(gnutls_x509_crt_t cert,
     if (hostname &&
         !gnutls_x509_crt_check_hostname(cert, hostname)) {
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_RPC,
-                       _("Certificate %s owner does not match the hostname %s"),
+                       _("Certificate %1$s owner does not match the hostname %2$s"),
                        certFile, hostname);
         return -1;
     }
@@ -438,8 +438,8 @@ static int virNetTLSContextCheckCertPair(gnutls_x509_crt_t cert,
                                     NULL, 0,
                                     0, &status) < 0) {
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR, isServer ?
-                       _("Unable to verify server certificate %s against CA certificate %s") :
-                       _("Unable to verify client certificate %s against CA certificate %s"),
+                       _("Unable to verify server certificate %1$s against CA certificate %2$s") :
+                       _("Unable to verify client certificate %1$s against CA certificate %2$s"),
                        certFile, cacertFile);
         return -1;
     }
@@ -460,7 +460,7 @@ static int virNetTLSContextCheckCertPair(gnutls_x509_crt_t cert,
             reason = _("The certificate uses an insecure algorithm");
 
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR,
-                       _("Our own certificate %s failed validation against %s: %s"),
+                       _("Our own certificate %1$s failed validation against %2$s: %3$s"),
                        certFile, cacertFile, reason);
         return -1;
     }
@@ -494,8 +494,8 @@ static gnutls_x509_crt_t virNetTLSContextLoadCertFromFile(const char *certFile,
 
     if (gnutls_x509_crt_import(cert, &data, GNUTLS_X509_FMT_PEM) < 0) {
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR, isServer ?
-                       _("Unable to import server certificate %s") :
-                       _("Unable to import client certificate %s"),
+                       _("Unable to import server certificate %1$s") :
+                       _("Unable to import client certificate %1$s"),
                        certFile);
         goto cleanup;
     }
@@ -529,7 +529,7 @@ static int virNetTLSContextLoadCACertListFromFile(const char *certFile,
 
     if (gnutls_x509_crt_list_import(certs, &certMax, &data, GNUTLS_X509_FMT_PEM, 0) < 0) {
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR,
-                       _("Unable to import CA certificate list %s"),
+                       _("Unable to import CA certificate list %1$s"),
                        certFile);
         return -1;
     }
@@ -602,7 +602,7 @@ static int virNetTLSContextLoadCredentials(virNetTLSContext *ctxt,
                                                      GNUTLS_X509_FMT_PEM);
         if (err < 0) {
             virReportError(VIR_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR,
-                           _("Unable to set x509 CA certificate: %s: %s"),
+                           _("Unable to set x509 CA certificate: %1$s: %2$s"),
                            cacert, gnutls_strerror(err));
             return -1;
         }
@@ -620,7 +620,7 @@ static int virNetTLSContextLoadCredentials(virNetTLSContext *ctxt,
                                                        GNUTLS_X509_FMT_PEM);
             if (err < 0) {
                 virReportError(VIR_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR,
-                               _("Unable to set x509 certificate revocation list: %s: %s"),
+                               _("Unable to set x509 certificate revocation list: %1$s: %2$s"),
                                cacrl, gnutls_strerror(err));
                 return -1;
             }
@@ -645,7 +645,7 @@ static int virNetTLSContextLoadCredentials(virNetTLSContext *ctxt,
                                                      GNUTLS_X509_FMT_PEM);
             if (err < 0) {
                 virReportError(VIR_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR,
-                               _("Unable to set x509 key and certificate: %s, %s: %s"),
+                               _("Unable to set x509 key and certificate: %1$s, %2$s: %3$s"),
                                key, cert, gnutls_strerror(err));
                 return -1;
             }
@@ -690,7 +690,7 @@ static virNetTLSContext *virNetTLSContextNew(const char *cacert,
         ctxt->x509cred = NULL;
 
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR,
-                       _("Unable to allocate x509 credentials: %s"),
+                       _("Unable to allocate x509 credentials: %1$s"),
                        gnutls_strerror(err));
         goto error;
     }
@@ -896,7 +896,7 @@ int virNetTLSContextReloadForServer(virNetTLSContext *ctxt,
     err = gnutls_certificate_allocate_credentials(&ctxt->x509cred);
     if (err) {
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR,
-                       _("Unable to allocate x509 credentials: %s"),
+                       _("Unable to allocate x509 credentials: %1$s"),
                        gnutls_strerror(err));
         goto error;
     }
@@ -946,7 +946,7 @@ static int virNetTLSContextValidCertificate(virNetTLSContext *ctxt,
 
     if ((ret = gnutls_certificate_verify_peers2(sess->session, &status)) < 0) {
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR,
-                       _("Unable to verify TLS peer: %s"),
+                       _("Unable to verify TLS peer: %1$s"),
                        gnutls_strerror(ret));
         goto authdeny;
     }
@@ -967,7 +967,7 @@ static int virNetTLSContextValidCertificate(virNetTLSContext *ctxt,
             reason = _("The certificate uses an insecure algorithm");
 
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR,
-                       _("Certificate failed validation: %s"),
+                       _("Certificate failed validation: %1$s"),
                        reason);
         goto authdeny;
     }
@@ -1016,7 +1016,7 @@ static int virNetTLSContextValidCertificate(virNetTLSContext *ctxt,
             }
             if (ret != 0) {
                 virReportError(VIR_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR,
-                               _("Failed to get certificate %s distinguished name: %s"),
+                               _("Failed to get certificate %1$s distinguished name: %2$s"),
                                "[session]", gnutls_strerror(ret));
                 goto authfail;
             }
@@ -1160,7 +1160,7 @@ virNetTLSSession *virNetTLSSessionNew(virNetTLSContext *ctxt,
     if ((err = gnutls_init(&sess->session,
                            ctxt->isServer ? GNUTLS_SERVER : GNUTLS_CLIENT)) != 0) {
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR,
-                       _("Failed to initialize TLS session: %s"),
+                       _("Failed to initialize TLS session: %1$s"),
                        gnutls_strerror(err));
         goto error;
     }
@@ -1174,7 +1174,7 @@ virNetTLSSession *virNetTLSSessionNew(virNetTLSContext *ctxt,
                                           priority,
                                           NULL)) != 0) {
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR,
-                       _("Failed to set TLS session priority to %s: %s"),
+                       _("Failed to set TLS session priority to %1$s: %2$s"),
                        priority, gnutls_strerror(err));
         goto error;
     }
@@ -1183,7 +1183,7 @@ virNetTLSSession *virNetTLSSessionNew(virNetTLSContext *ctxt,
                                       GNUTLS_CRD_CERTIFICATE,
                                       ctxt->x509cred)) != 0) {
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR,
-                       _("Failed set TLS x509 credentials: %s"),
+                       _("Failed set TLS x509 credentials: %1$s"),
                        gnutls_strerror(err));
         goto error;
     }
@@ -1313,7 +1313,7 @@ int virNetTLSSessionHandshake(virNetTLSSession *sess)
 #endif
 
     virReportError(VIR_ERR_AUTH_FAILED,
-                   _("TLS handshake failed %s"),
+                   _("TLS handshake failed %1$s"),
                    gnutls_strerror(ret));
     ret = -1;
 
-- 
2.39.2




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