not to flog this or anything (ok, so i'm flogging this), we've almost clarified the mystery about the "loader" executable, except for: 1) "loader-local" is apparently the loader executable that goes onto the boot.img floppy image. but, even stripped, it's *still* a tad larger than the one on boot.img. so there's still a bit of a mystery here. why the remaining difference in size? (perhaps something as simple as building for i386 vs i686??) 2) i can see there are three versions of loader: loader-local, loader-network and loader-pcmcia, all of which are built automatically from the spec file. but you can also "make loader", which creates a "loader" executable (the very one that was causing so much confusion). so what's the story behind this one? how does it differ from the three specific loaders already built? rday -- Robert P. J. Day Eno River Technologies, Chapel Hill NC Unix, Linux and Open Source corporate training