Dave Scroggins wrote:
Howdy Folks,
I have three Oracle DB servers, one main and two back up. I'm having
trouble using SWAP on the backup machines.
The main server seems to work just fine. The output from free is:
[root@db2 bkup-01-09]# free
total used free shared buffers cached
Mem: 4154056 3882072 271984 0 7904 3718868
-/+ buffers/cache: 155300 3998756
Swap: 2031608 155964 1875644
The backup servers though don't seem to use SWAP. Free give the
following:
[root@db1 etc]# free
total used free shared buffers cached
Mem: 4154056 3881176 272880 0 43288 3679652
-/+ buffers/cache: 158236 3995820
Swap: 2031608 144 2031464
I didn't' set the machines up so I'm not sure what is different.
fstab for both machines are:
[root@db1 etc]# cat /etc/fstab
# This file is edited by fstab-sync - see 'man fstab-sync' for details
/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 / ext3 defaults 1 1
LABEL=/boot /boot ext3 defaults 1 2
none /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0
0
none /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0
none /proc proc defaults 0
0
none /sys sysfs defaults 0 0
/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol01 swap swap defaults
0 0
/dev/hda /media/cdrom auto
pamconsole,exec,noauto,managed 0 0
/dev/fd0 /media/floppy auto
pamconsole,exec,noauto,managed 0 0
Can someone point me in a direction to look?
Swap is used if the main memory is fully occupied by running processes.
If the primary machine (db2 I'm assuming) is handling all of the SQL
requests, then its memory may have been put under stress at some point
causing it to use swap. free reports the high-water mark of swap (the
highest usage), not how much is being used NOW. It won't be reset until
a reboot occurs.
The backup machine(s) probably never served any requests and didn't have
to use swap as they had adequate memory to handle whatever tasks you had
them doing.
I might also note that the normal set up for swap is twice the RAM size
(in your case, 4GB), so ideally you should set up 8GB swap. Linux swap
_partitions_ can be a maximum of 2GB, but you can set up either multiple
2GB swap partitions or use a file-based swap (not as efficient as swap
partitions, but you can make them >2GB).
To use a swap file, find a partition with 8GB free on it, then, as root:
# dd if=/dev/zero of=/path/to/swapfile bs=1M count=8192
where "/path/to" is a directory on the partition with 8GB free space and
"swapfile" is the name of the swapfile you want. For example, let's say
we have 8GB free on /usr and we want to put the swapfile right there.
The command would be:
# dd if=/dev/zero of=/usr/swapfile bs=1M count=8192
That creates an 8GB swap file named "/usr/swapfile". Next, format
the file as swap:
# mkswap /usr/swapfile
Once that's all done, you can change the /etc/fstab entry to use the
file as the swap. The old entry may look like:
UUID=e7dbb97c-bc3e-405b-8a3d-31a2edda2a42 swap swap defaults 0 0
(using UUIDs) or
/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol01 swap swap defaults 0 0
(using an LVM volume) or even
/dev/sda3 swap swap defaults 0 0
(using a disk partition) and change it to:
/usr/swapfile swap swap defaults 0 0
When you reboot, the system would have an 8GB swap.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
- Rick Stevens, Systems Engineer ricks@xxxxxxxx -
- AIM/Skype: therps2 ICQ: 22643734 Yahoo: origrps2 -
- -
- To err is human. To forgive, a large sum of money is needed. -
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