I'm putting together a blind-friendly virtual machine (VM), based on Ubuntu, VirtualBox, and Vagrant. I'm installing a variety of audio- and accessibility-related software, with the (eventual) objective of letting folks use any or all of them from the command line. These pages provide some background and list the explicitly installed APT packages: http://pa.cfcl.com/item?key=Areas/Content/Overviews/Perkify_Intro/main.toml http://pa.cfcl.com/item?key=Areas/Content/Overviews/Perkify_Pkg_List/main.toml Everything installs without error and some test commands (e.g., aplay, play, speaker-test) work when I try them out in the build environment. However, when I halt the VM and bring it back up again, I don't get any audio output. I suspect that some software may be starting up automagically, doing things that I never explicitly requested, etc. I'm hoping that someone on this list can help me to resolve these issues. # Setup My .profile contains the line "export AUDIODRIVER=alsa" Each of these commands produces the expected sound, when run in the build environment: $ speaker-test -s1 $ play -q foo.ogg When I run the following command in the build environment, nothing is listed under "default": $ aplay -L null Discard all samples (playback) or generate zero samples (capture) jack JACK Audio Connection Kit pulse PulseAudio Sound Server default sysdefault:CARD=Intel HDA Intel, STAC9221 A1 Analog Default Audio Device ... However, in the restored environment, "default" reports "Playback/recording through the PulseAudio sound server": $ aplay -L null Discard all samples (playback) or generate zero samples (capture) jack JACK Audio Connection Kit pulse PulseAudio Sound Server default Playback/recording through the PulseAudio sound server sysdefault:CARD=Intel HDA Intel, STAC9221 A1 Analog Default Audio Device ... As a starting point, I'd like to know how restore the "default" value, so that things play again. Then, I'd like to find out what is clobbering things, so that I can prevent that from happening. Help? -r P.S. FWIW, my customization and provisioning code for ALSA (in the Vagrantfile) looks like this: def cust_alsa(vm) # # Customize the VM's audio settings, based on the host's operating system. vm.provider :virtualbox do |vb| audio = case RUBY_PLATFORM when /darwin|mac os/; 'coreaudio' when /bccwin|cygwin|emc|mingw|mswin|msys|wince/; 'dsound' when /linux/; 'alsa' end vb.customize [ 'modifyvm', :id, '--audio', audio, '--audiocontroller', 'hda', '--audioout', 'on' ] end end def prov_alsa(vm) # # Provision support for ALSA # # This code is adapted from Christoph Neumann's vagrant-audio Vagrantfile # (in https://github.com/christoph-neumann/vagrant-audio), with help from # Clemens Ladisch and Eric Zuck. See also `./cust_alsa.rb`. # # For details, see: # https://www.virtualbox.org/manual/ch08.html#vboxmanage-modifyvm-general # https://www.vagrantup.com/docs/virtualbox/configuration.html # #vboxmanage-customizations vm.provision "shell", inline: <<SHELL extra=linux-modules-extra-$(uname -r) echo "extra: $extra" #!T apt-get install -y linux-image-generic $extra alsa-utils sudo usermod -aG audio vagrant cat <<CONF > /etc/asound.conf pcm.!default { type plug slave.pcm "hw:0,1" } CONF sudo modprobe snd sudo modprobe snd-hda-intel sleep 2 sudo amixer -c 0 set Master playback 100% unmute SHELL end _______________________________________________ Alsa-user mailing list Alsa-user@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/alsa-user
